C# 如何加密JWT安全令牌？

我需要用签名和加密保护我的web令牌。我写了下面几行代码：

var tokenHandler = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler();
var tokenDescriptor = new SecurityTokenDescriptor
{
      Subject = new ClaimsIdentity(new[]
         {
             new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, owner.Name),
             new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role, owner.RoleClaimType),
             new Claim("custom claim type", "custom content")
         }),
      TokenIssuerName = "self",
      AppliesToAddress = "http://www.example.com",
      Lifetime = new Lifetime(now, now.AddSeconds(60 * 3)),
      EncryptingCredentials = new X509EncryptingCredentials(new X509Certificate2(cert)),
      SigningCredentials = new X509SigningCredentials(cert1)
};
var token = (JwtSecurityToken)tokenHandler.CreateToken(tokenDescriptor);            
var tokenString = tokenHandler.WriteToken(token);

因此，我正在使用一些证书，这些证书是由

makecert.exe

生成的。然后我用另一个

JwtSecurityTokenHandler

读取令牌字符串：

var tokenHandlerDecr = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler();
var tok = tokenHandlerDecr.ReadToken(tokenString);

---

而且令牌内容没有加密（我可以在调试器下的

tok

变量中看到json）。我做错了什么？如何加密令牌数据？

我的理解是，Microsoft的JWT实现目前不支持加密（仅支持签名）。

我知道这是一篇老文章，但我正在添加我的答案，以防有人仍在搜索答案

这一问题在本报告中得到了解决。

CreateJwtSecurityToken

函数中有一个重载方法，它接受加密凭据来加密令牌

如果接收者不验证签名，并尝试按原样读取JWT，则声明为空。以下是代码片段：

using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt;

const string sec = "ProEMLh5e_qnzdNUQrqdHPgp";
const string sec1 = "ProEMLh5e_qnzdNU";
var securityKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(sec));
var securityKey1 = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(sec1)); 

var signingCredentials = new SigningCredentials(
    securityKey,
    SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha512);

List<Claim> claims = new List<Claim>()
{
    new Claim("sub", "test"),
};

var ep = new EncryptingCredentials(
    securityKey1,
    SecurityAlgorithms.Aes128KW,
    SecurityAlgorithms.Aes128CbcHmacSha256);

var handler = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler();

var jwtSecurityToken = handler.CreateJwtSecurityToken(
    "issuer",
    "Audience",
    new ClaimsIdentity(claims),
    DateTime.Now,
    DateTime.Now.AddHours(1),
    DateTime.Now,
    signingCredentials,
    ep);


string tokenString = handler.WriteToken(jwtSecurityToken);

// Id someone tries to view the JWT without validating/decrypting the token,
// then no claims are retrieved and the token is safe guarded.
var jwt = new JwtSecurityToken(tokenString);

---

试试下面的例子

于2019年7月更新：.NET核心、Asp.NET核心

1.创建JWT

private string CreateJwt(string sub, string jti, string issuer, string audience)
{
    var claims = new[]
    {
        new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Sub, sub),
        new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Jti, jti),
    };

    var key = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("SecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeyS"));
    var creds = new SigningCredentials(key, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256);
    var encryptingCredentials = new EncryptingCredentials(key, JwtConstants.DirectKeyUseAlg, SecurityAlgorithms.Aes256CbcHmacSha512);

    var jwtSecurityToken = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().CreateJwtSecurityToken(
        issuer,
        audience,
        new ClaimsIdentity(claims),
        null,
        expires: DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(5),
        null,
        signingCredentials: creds,
        encryptingCredentials: encryptingCredentials
        );
    var encryptedJWT = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(jwtSecurityToken);

    return encryptedJWT;
}

2.添加到

Startup.cs

    services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
    options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
    options.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
})
.AddJwtBearer(options =>
{
    options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
    {
        ValidateIssuer = true,
        ValidateAudience = true,
        ValidateLifetime = true,
        ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,

        ValidIssuer = (string)Configuration.GetSection("JwtToken").GetValue(typeof(string), "Issuer"),
        ValidAudience = (string)Configuration.GetSection("JwtToken").GetValue(typeof(string), "Audience"),
        IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("SecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeyS")),
        TokenDecryptionKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("SecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeyS")),
        ClockSkew = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(0),
    };
});

---

如果是这样的话，如果你能提供一些关于这个主题的链接，我将不胜感激。我已经探索了这个扩展，看起来你是对的-加密还不受支持。谢谢仍然是这样吗？我们还有其他方法来实现这个功能吗？任何可以使用或可能覆盖JwtSecurityTokenHandler的库？此问题在Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens版本5.1.3中解决。有关详细信息，请参阅我的答案。由于在验证令牌时没有传递密钥的选项，因此我是否会解密令牌？@SangSuantak TokenValidationParameters具有TokenDecryptionKey属性。验证程序在内部使用此属性解密令牌。我已经更新了我的答案，包括解密part@Amey我们可以使用公钥-私钥对来加密和解密JWT令牌吗。如果是，如何。。您有最新的示例吗？@JacobStamm该页面如何说明

IdentityModel

已被弃用？只有WCF不推荐使用。WIF不是。您能分析并帮助我从请求接收令牌的代码，然后解码并与存储的数据令牌进行比较吗？这段代码运行良好，但我不明白它是如何工作的，谢谢！

    services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
    options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
    options.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
})
.AddJwtBearer(options =>
{
    options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
    {
        ValidateIssuer = true,
        ValidateAudience = true,
        ValidateLifetime = true,
        ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,

        ValidIssuer = (string)Configuration.GetSection("JwtToken").GetValue(typeof(string), "Issuer"),
        ValidAudience = (string)Configuration.GetSection("JwtToken").GetValue(typeof(string), "Audience"),
        IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("SecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeyS")),
        TokenDecryptionKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("SecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeySecretKeyS")),
        ClockSkew = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(0),
    };
});