Java Docker compose-为运行spring boot独立应用程序的Docker容器提供基于XML的配置

我想知道如何配置docker设置（docker compose），以便提供Spring引导应用程序使用的配置文件

配置文件名为

services.xml

，它位于应用程序的

/lib/conf

目录中。该文件是使用默认配置部署的，但是我希望该文件位于主机中，以便在需要更改配置时，我应该在主机中进行编辑，容器将读取更新的文件

docker-compose.yml

version: '3.1'

services:

  my-app:
    image: my-app
    container_name: my-app
    # restart: always
    ports:
      - 8443:8443
    volumes:
      - ./my-app/conf:/opt/lib/my-app/lib/conf:rw

运行后的预期结果：

docker compose up

我希望这会创建目录，将容器中的default services.xml（以及/opt/lib/my app/lib/conf中的所有其他文件）复制到这个目录中，以便我可以编辑它

实际结果 运行docker compose后，它会在my app目录中创建一个空目录。“我的应用”无法读取services.xml文件，应用程序无法启动（因为它取决于此文件）

我希望这会创建目录，将容器中的default services.xml（以及/opt/lib/my app/lib/conf中的所有其他文件）复制到这个目录中，以便我可以编辑它

从您上面所说的，如果您的目标是让容器中的内容弹出到主机并让您有机会修改它们，那么我建议您使用。但是，主机中的文件夹将由docker自己管理，所以您需要找到它们所在的位置

供您参考的最简单示例：

docker compose.yaml（在我的示例中，它位于文件夹

77

）：

version: '3'
services:
  frontend:
    image: alpine
    command: "tail -f /dev/null"
    volumes:
      - my_data:/etc

volumes:
  my_data:

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker-compose up -d
Creating network "77_default" with the default driver
Creating volume "77_my_data" with default driver
Creating 77_frontend_1 ... done

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE     COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
6635aba545c9    alpine    "tail -f /dev/null"   14 minutes ago      Up 14 minutes             77_frontend_1
shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker inspect 77_frontend_1 | grep Source
            "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data",

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker exec 77_frontend_1 cat /etc/profile
export CHARSET=UTF-8
export LANG=C.UTF-8
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PAGER=less
export PS1='\h:\w\$ '
umask 022

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r $script ] ; then
            . $script
    fi
done

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ sudo -s -H
root@shubuntu1:/home/shubuntu1/77# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data
root@shubuntu1:/var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data# echo 'echo "hello"' >> profile

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker exec 77_frontend_1 cat /etc/profile
export CHARSET=UTF-8
export LANG=C.UTF-8
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PAGER=less
export PS1='\h:\w\$ '
umask 022

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r $script ] ; then
            . $script
    fi
done
echo "hello"

启动服务：

version: '3'
services:
  frontend:
    image: alpine
    command: "tail -f /dev/null"
    volumes:
      - my_data:/etc

volumes:
  my_data:

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker-compose up -d
Creating network "77_default" with the default driver
Creating volume "77_my_data" with default driver
Creating 77_frontend_1 ... done

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE     COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
6635aba545c9    alpine    "tail -f /dev/null"   14 minutes ago      Up 14 minutes             77_frontend_1
shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker inspect 77_frontend_1 | grep Source
            "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data",

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker exec 77_frontend_1 cat /etc/profile
export CHARSET=UTF-8
export LANG=C.UTF-8
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PAGER=less
export PS1='\h:\w\$ '
umask 022

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r $script ] ; then
            . $script
    fi
done

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ sudo -s -H
root@shubuntu1:/home/shubuntu1/77# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data
root@shubuntu1:/var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data# echo 'echo "hello"' >> profile

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker exec 77_frontend_1 cat /etc/profile
export CHARSET=UTF-8
export LANG=C.UTF-8
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PAGER=less
export PS1='\h:\w\$ '
umask 022

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r $script ] ; then
            . $script
    fi
done
echo "hello"

检查主机中命名卷的位置：

version: '3'
services:
  frontend:
    image: alpine
    command: "tail -f /dev/null"
    volumes:
      - my_data:/etc

volumes:
  my_data:

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker-compose up -d
Creating network "77_default" with the default driver
Creating volume "77_my_data" with default driver
Creating 77_frontend_1 ... done

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE     COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
6635aba545c9    alpine    "tail -f /dev/null"   14 minutes ago      Up 14 minutes             77_frontend_1
shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker inspect 77_frontend_1 | grep Source
            "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data",

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker exec 77_frontend_1 cat /etc/profile
export CHARSET=UTF-8
export LANG=C.UTF-8
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PAGER=less
export PS1='\h:\w\$ '
umask 022

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r $script ] ; then
            . $script
    fi
done

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ sudo -s -H
root@shubuntu1:/home/shubuntu1/77# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data
root@shubuntu1:/var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data# echo 'echo "hello"' >> profile

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker exec 77_frontend_1 cat /etc/profile
export CHARSET=UTF-8
export LANG=C.UTF-8
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PAGER=less
export PS1='\h:\w\$ '
umask 022

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r $script ] ; then
            . $script
    fi
done
echo "hello"

检查容器中原始

/etc/profile

的内容：

version: '3'
services:
  frontend:
    image: alpine
    command: "tail -f /dev/null"
    volumes:
      - my_data:/etc

volumes:
  my_data:

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker-compose up -d
Creating network "77_default" with the default driver
Creating volume "77_my_data" with default driver
Creating 77_frontend_1 ... done

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE     COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
6635aba545c9    alpine    "tail -f /dev/null"   14 minutes ago      Up 14 minutes             77_frontend_1
shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker inspect 77_frontend_1 | grep Source
            "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data",

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker exec 77_frontend_1 cat /etc/profile
export CHARSET=UTF-8
export LANG=C.UTF-8
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PAGER=less
export PS1='\h:\w\$ '
umask 022

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r $script ] ; then
            . $script
    fi
done

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ sudo -s -H
root@shubuntu1:/home/shubuntu1/77# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data
root@shubuntu1:/var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data# echo 'echo "hello"' >> profile

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker exec 77_frontend_1 cat /etc/profile
export CHARSET=UTF-8
export LANG=C.UTF-8
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PAGER=less
export PS1='\h:\w\$ '
umask 022

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r $script ] ; then
            . $script
    fi
done
echo "hello"

从主机修改脚本：

version: '3'
services:
  frontend:
    image: alpine
    command: "tail -f /dev/null"
    volumes:
      - my_data:/etc

volumes:
  my_data:

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker-compose up -d
Creating network "77_default" with the default driver
Creating volume "77_my_data" with default driver
Creating 77_frontend_1 ... done

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE     COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
6635aba545c9    alpine    "tail -f /dev/null"   14 minutes ago      Up 14 minutes             77_frontend_1
shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker inspect 77_frontend_1 | grep Source
            "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data",

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker exec 77_frontend_1 cat /etc/profile
export CHARSET=UTF-8
export LANG=C.UTF-8
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PAGER=less
export PS1='\h:\w\$ '
umask 022

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r $script ] ; then
            . $script
    fi
done

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ sudo -s -H
root@shubuntu1:/home/shubuntu1/77# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data
root@shubuntu1:/var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data# echo 'echo "hello"' >> profile

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker exec 77_frontend_1 cat /etc/profile
export CHARSET=UTF-8
export LANG=C.UTF-8
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PAGER=less
export PS1='\h:\w\$ '
umask 022

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r $script ] ; then
            . $script
    fi
done
echo "hello"

在主机上进行更改后，再次检查容器中的

/etc/profile

：

version: '3'
services:
  frontend:
    image: alpine
    command: "tail -f /dev/null"
    volumes:
      - my_data:/etc

volumes:
  my_data:

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker-compose up -d
Creating network "77_default" with the default driver
Creating volume "77_my_data" with default driver
Creating 77_frontend_1 ... done

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE     COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
6635aba545c9    alpine    "tail -f /dev/null"   14 minutes ago      Up 14 minutes             77_frontend_1
shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker inspect 77_frontend_1 | grep Source
            "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data",

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker exec 77_frontend_1 cat /etc/profile
export CHARSET=UTF-8
export LANG=C.UTF-8
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PAGER=less
export PS1='\h:\w\$ '
umask 022

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r $script ] ; then
            . $script
    fi
done

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ sudo -s -H
root@shubuntu1:/home/shubuntu1/77# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data
root@shubuntu1:/var/lib/docker/volumes/77_my_data/_data# echo 'echo "hello"' >> profile

shubuntu1@shubuntu1:~/77$ docker exec 77_frontend_1 cat /etc/profile
export CHARSET=UTF-8
export LANG=C.UTF-8
export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
export PAGER=less
export PS1='\h:\w\$ '
umask 022

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r $script ] ; then
            . $script
    fi
done
echo "hello"

---

我们可以在容器中看到我们添加到主机上的echo“hello”。

您尝试过使用文件的绝对路径吗？还没有。它与将目录映射到主机和容器有什么不同？@Jocke，我得到了一个错误：

mounting\\\“/home/ubuntu/my-app/conf/services.xml\\\”到rootfs\\\”/var/lib/docker/overlay2/87ecda1732ce960a75263ca499b880d29550a70f969f06ba14ce79d1c5e06485/merged\\”\\\“/var/lib/docker/overlay2/87ecda1732ce960a75263ca499b880d29550a70f969f06ba14ce79d1c5e06485/merged/opt/lib/my-app/lib/conf/services.xml\\\”导致\\\\\“不是目录\\\\”：未知：您是否尝试将目录装载到文件上（反之亦然）？检查指定的主机路径是否存在，是否为预期类型根据，不可能在docker中装载单个文件。似乎，您更希望使用
配置服务器，而不是尝试从容器中映射配置。如果确实需要这样做，这将很有帮助。我不明白，这是无论如何，这是正确的方法。这个解决方案是有效的。谢谢你的详细回答。