Python Django没有显示正在开发中的媒体文件，但正在生产中

用户配置文件图片加载良好，但当我使用时，没有任何图片加载。当我将我的站点上传到Heroku/AWS时，问题才出现

我试图取消对代码的一些更改。我试着让它回到本地主机正常工作的状态。但后来我发现了更多的错误信息。我发现了这个，但不幸的是它对我没有帮助

我现在的困难是我真的不知道从哪里开始寻找解决问题的建议

设置.py

   """
    Django settings for django_project3 project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.6.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/
"""

import os
import django_heroku

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('SECRET_KEY')
#SECRET_KEY = 'SECRET_KEY'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
#DEBUG = (os.environ.get('DEBUG_VALUE')=='True')

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['rossdjangoawesomeapp.herokuapp.com', 'localhost', '127.0.0.1', 'localhost:8000'] 


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'blog.apps.BlogConfig',
    'users.apps.UsersConfig',
    'crispy_forms',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'allauth',
    'allauth.account',
    'allauth.socialaccount',
    'allauth.socialaccount.providers.facebook',
    'django_comments',
]

SITE_ID = 1

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    ]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'django_project3.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]


WSGI_APPLICATION = 'django_project3.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
CRISPY_TEMPLATE_PACK = 'bootstrap4'
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'blog-home'
LOGIN_URL = 'login'

EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.gmail.com'
EMAIL_HOST_USER = os.environ.get('EMAIL_USER')
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD =  os.environ.get('EMAIL_PASS')
EMAIL_PORT = 587

AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
    #Needed to login by username in Django admin, regardless of 'allauth'
    'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',

    #allauth specifc authentication methods, such as login by e-mail
    'allauth.account.auth_backends.AuthenticationBackend',
    )

CRISPY_TEMPLATE_PACK = 'bootstrap4'

AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = os.environ.get('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID')
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = os.environ.get('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY')
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = os.environ.get('AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME')


#AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = 'AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'
#AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = 'AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'
#AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = 'AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME'


AWS_S3_FILE_OVERWRITE = False
AWS_DEFAULT_ACL = None

DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage'

django_heroku.settings(locals())

"""django_project URL Configuration
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth import views as auth_views
from django.urls import path, include
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from users import views as user_views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('register/', user_views.register, name='register'),
    path('profile/', user_views.profile, name='profile'),
    path('login/', auth_views.LoginView.as_view(template_name='users/login.html'), name='login'),
    path('logout/', auth_views.LogoutView.as_view(template_name='users/logout.html'), name='logout'),
    path('', include('blog.urls')),
    #path(r'^activate/(?P<uidb64>[0-9A-Za-z_\-]+)/(?P<token>[0-9A-Za-z]{1,13}-[0-9A-Za-z]{1,20})/$',
     #   user_views.activate, name='activate'),
    path('accounts/', include('allauth.urls')),
     path('password-reset/',
         auth_views.PasswordResetView.as_view(
             template_name='users/password_reset.html'
         ),
         name='password_reset'),
    path('password-reset/done/',
         auth_views.PasswordResetDoneView.as_view(
             template_name='users/password_reset_done.html'
         ),
         name='password_reset_done'),
    path('password-reset-confirm/<uidb64>/<token>/',
         auth_views.PasswordResetConfirmView.as_view(
             template_name='users/password_reset_confirm.html'
         ),
         name='password_reset_confirm'),
    path('password-reset-complete/',
         auth_views.PasswordResetCompleteView.as_view(
             template_name='users/password_reset_complete.html'
         ),
         name='password_reset_complete')
    ]



if settings.DEBUG:
    urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

url.py

   """
    Django settings for django_project3 project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.6.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/
"""

import os
import django_heroku

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('SECRET_KEY')
#SECRET_KEY = 'SECRET_KEY'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
#DEBUG = (os.environ.get('DEBUG_VALUE')=='True')

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['rossdjangoawesomeapp.herokuapp.com', 'localhost', '127.0.0.1', 'localhost:8000'] 


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'blog.apps.BlogConfig',
    'users.apps.UsersConfig',
    'crispy_forms',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'allauth',
    'allauth.account',
    'allauth.socialaccount',
    'allauth.socialaccount.providers.facebook',
    'django_comments',
]

SITE_ID = 1

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    ]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'django_project3.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]


WSGI_APPLICATION = 'django_project3.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
CRISPY_TEMPLATE_PACK = 'bootstrap4'
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'blog-home'
LOGIN_URL = 'login'

EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.gmail.com'
EMAIL_HOST_USER = os.environ.get('EMAIL_USER')
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD =  os.environ.get('EMAIL_PASS')
EMAIL_PORT = 587

AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
    #Needed to login by username in Django admin, regardless of 'allauth'
    'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',

    #allauth specifc authentication methods, such as login by e-mail
    'allauth.account.auth_backends.AuthenticationBackend',
    )

CRISPY_TEMPLATE_PACK = 'bootstrap4'

AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = os.environ.get('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID')
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = os.environ.get('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY')
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = os.environ.get('AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME')


#AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = 'AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'
#AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = 'AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'
#AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = 'AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME'


AWS_S3_FILE_OVERWRITE = False
AWS_DEFAULT_ACL = None

DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage'

django_heroku.settings(locals())

"""django_project URL Configuration
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth import views as auth_views
from django.urls import path, include
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from users import views as user_views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('register/', user_views.register, name='register'),
    path('profile/', user_views.profile, name='profile'),
    path('login/', auth_views.LoginView.as_view(template_name='users/login.html'), name='login'),
    path('logout/', auth_views.LogoutView.as_view(template_name='users/logout.html'), name='logout'),
    path('', include('blog.urls')),
    #path(r'^activate/(?P<uidb64>[0-9A-Za-z_\-]+)/(?P<token>[0-9A-Za-z]{1,13}-[0-9A-Za-z]{1,20})/$',
     #   user_views.activate, name='activate'),
    path('accounts/', include('allauth.urls')),
     path('password-reset/',
         auth_views.PasswordResetView.as_view(
             template_name='users/password_reset.html'
         ),
         name='password_reset'),
    path('password-reset/done/',
         auth_views.PasswordResetDoneView.as_view(
             template_name='users/password_reset_done.html'
         ),
         name='password_reset_done'),
    path('password-reset-confirm/<uidb64>/<token>/',
         auth_views.PasswordResetConfirmView.as_view(
             template_name='users/password_reset_confirm.html'
         ),
         name='password_reset_confirm'),
    path('password-reset-complete/',
         auth_views.PasswordResetCompleteView.as_view(
             template_name='users/password_reset_complete.html'
         ),
         name='password_reset_complete')
    ]



if settings.DEBUG:
    urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

django\u项目URL配置 “urlpatterns”列表将URL路由到视图。有关更多信息，请参阅： https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/http/urls/ 示例： 功能视图 1.添加导入：从我的应用程序导入视图 2.向urlpatterns:path（“”，views.home，name='home'）添加URL 基于类的视图 1.添加导入：从其他应用程序视图导入主页 2.将URL添加到urlpatterns:path（“”，Home.as_view（），name='Home'）） 包括另一个URLconf 1.导入include（）函数：从django.url导入include，path 2.向URL模式添加URL:path（'blog/'，include（'blog.URL'）） """ 从django.contrib导入管理 从django.contrib.auth导入视图作为auth_视图 从django.url导入路径，包括 从django.conf导入设置 从django.conf.url.static导入静态 从用户将视图作为用户视图导入 URL模式=[ 路径（'admin/'，admin.site.url）， 路径（'register/'，user_views.register，name='register'）， 路径（'profile/'，user_views.profile，name='profile'）， 路径（'login/'，auth_views.LoginView.as_view（template_name='users/login.html'），name='login'）， 路径（'logout/'，auth_views.LogoutView.as_view（template_name='users/logout.html'），name='logout'）， 路径（“”，include（'blog.url'）， #路径（r'^activate/（？P[0-9A-Za-z_ \-]）/（？P[0-9A-Za-z]{1,13}-[0-9A-Za-z]{1,20}）/$， #用户_views.activate，name='activate'）， 路径（'accounts/'，include（'allauth.url'））， 路径（'password-reset/'， auth_views.PasswordResetView.as_view( 模板\u name='users/password\u reset.html' ), name='password_reset'）， 路径（'password-reset/done/'， auth_views.PasswordResetDoneView.as_view( 模板\u name='users/password\u reset\u done.html' ), name='password\u reset\u done'）， 路径（'password-reset-confirm//'， auth_views.PasswordResetConfirmView.as_view( 模板\u name='users/password\u reset\u confirm.html' ), name='password\u reset\u confirm'）， 路径（'password-reset-complete/'， auth_views.PasswordResetCompleteView.as_view( 模板\u name='users/password\u reset\u complete.html' ), name='password\u reset\u complete'） ] 如果设置为.DEBUG： urlpatterns+=静态（settings.MEDIA\u URL，document\u root=settings.MEDIA\u root）

---

您是如何部署静态文件的？你用过吗？也许-特别是在使用heroku时-可以查看一下您的S3BOT3设置点。在开发过程中，您可能需要不同的设置。在启用网站之前，我们没有将默认文件存储设置为等于任何值。是否可以根据您是在本地运行站点还是在WWW上运行站点来为默认文件存储分配不同的值？我刚刚尝试过使用默认文件存储='storages.backends.s3boto3.s3boto3 STORAGE'，但问题一直存在，您是如何部署静态文件的？你用过吗？也许-特别是在使用heroku时-可以查看一下您的S3BOT3设置点。在开发过程中，您可能需要不同的设置。在启用网站之前，我们没有将默认文件存储设置为等于任何值。是否可以根据您是在本地运行站点还是在WWW上运行站点来为默认文件存储分配不同的值？我刚刚尝试过使用默认文件存储='storages.backends.s3boto3.s3boto3 STORAGE'，但问题仍然存在