Python Pip错误，OSError Errno 22无效参数

使用pip搜索或安装软件包时，我遇到以下错误：

pip3 search validate
Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None)) after connection broken by 'ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', OSError(22, 'Invalid argument'))': /pypi
Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None)) after connection broken by 'ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', OSError(22, 'Invalid argument'))': /pypi
Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None)) after connection broken by 'ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', OSError(22, 'Invalid argument'))': /pypi
Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None)) after connection broken by 'ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', OSError(22, 'Invalid argument'))': /pypi
Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None)) after connection broken by 'ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', OSError(22, 'Invalid argument'))': /pypi
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 595, in urlopen
    chunked=chunked)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 352, in _make_request
    self._validate_conn(conn)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 831, in _validate_conn
    conn.connect()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/connection.py", line 289, in connect
    ssl_version=resolved_ssl_version)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py", line 308, in ssl_wrap_socket
    return context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=server_hostname)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.6.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 407, in wrap_socket
    _context=self, _session=session)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.6.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 791, in __init__
    self.getpeername()
OSError: [Errno 22] Invalid argument

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/adapters.py", line 423, in send
    timeout=timeout
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 668, in urlopen
    release_conn=release_conn, **response_kw)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 668, in urlopen
    release_conn=release_conn, **response_kw)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 668, in urlopen
    release_conn=release_conn, **response_kw)
  [Previous line repeated 1 more times]
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 640, in urlopen
    _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/retry.py", line 287, in increment
    raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
pip._vendor.requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.python.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /pypi (Caused by ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', OSError(22, 'Invalid argument')))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/commands/search.py", line 45, in run
    pypi_hits = self.search(query, options)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/commands/search.py", line 62, in search
    hits = pypi.search({'name': query, 'summary': query}, 'or')
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.6.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/xmlrpc/client.py", line 1112, in __call__
    return self.__send(self.__name, args)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.6.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/xmlrpc/client.py", line 1452, in __request
    verbose=self.__verbose
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/download.py", line 775, in request
    headers=headers, stream=True)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/sessions.py", line 522, in post
    return self.request('POST', url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/download.py", line 386, in request
    return super(PipSession, self).request(method, url, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/sessions.py", line 475, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/sessions.py", line 596, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/adapter.py", line 47, in send
    resp = super(CacheControlAdapter, self).send(request, **kw)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/adapters.py", line 487, in send
    raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
pip._vendor.requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.python.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /pypi (Caused by ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', OSError(22, 'Invalid argument')))

Pip版本：来自/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages（python 3.6）的Pip 9.0.1
Python版本：3.6.3
OS:macOS High Sierra 10.13

我已经尝试重新安装python和pip。我不相信我正在使用任何代理，而且它可能不是防火墙（我可以ping/dig pypi.python.org）

---

在进一步挖掘之后，运行

curl pypi.python.org

会发出相同的错误：

curl:（55）getpeername（）失败，错误号为22:参数无效

在我的例子中，这是macOS High Sierra上IPv6的问题。要解决此问题，请打开网络首选项，从列表中选择Wi-Fi，然后单击“高级…”。单击“TCP/IP”选项卡，然后将“配置IPv6”更改为“仅本地链接”。

这似乎是PyPI的一个临时问题（目前正在进行大量转换）。也许，但我只是在我的一台机器上遇到了这个问题。我在mac osx 10.13.4上遇到了Python 2.7和pip的同样问题。上述解决方案似乎无法解决问题，还有其他替代方案吗？