Python 包装c+时出错+；使用carma（犰狳矩阵和numpy数组）使用pybind11初始化

我有一个简单的例子，试图使用犰狳矩阵和numpy数组，并以此为基础进行往返。在没有printarma（）函数的情况下，代码可以正常工作，也就是说，只需使用pybind11包装代码即可编译，我可以在python中运行它。问题似乎出在卡玛身上。代码如下：

#include <ostream>
#include <iostream>
#include <armadillo>
#include <carma/carma.h>
#include <pybind11/pybind11.h>
#include <pybind11/numpy.h>

namespace py = pybind11;

using namespace std;

class Base
{
public:
    virtual void test() = 0;
    virtual void printarma() = 0;
};
class Derived: public Base
{

public:
    void printarma(py::array_t<double> & arr) {arma::Mat<double> mat = carma::arr_to_mat<double>(arr);
            std::cout << mat<< std::endl;}
    void test() {cout << "Test";}
};


PYBIND11_MODULE(example,m) {
    py::class_<Base>(m, "Base");

    py::class_<Derived, Base>(m, "Derived")
        .def(py::init<>())
        .def("test", &Derived::test);
        m.def("printarma", &Derived::printarma,py::arg("arr"));
} 

错误是：

In file included from /home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:47,
                 from /home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/numpy.h:12,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma/converters.h:24,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma/arraystore.h:1,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma.h:1,
                 from abstrakt_test.cpp:18:
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/detail/init.h: In instantiation of ‘Class* pybind11::detail::initimpl::construct_or_initialize(Args&& ...) [with Class = Derived; Args = {}; typename std::enable_if<(! std::is_constructible<_Tp, _Args>::value), int>::type <anonymous> = 0]’:
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/detail/init.h:174:66:   required from ‘static void pybind11::detail::initimpl::constructor<Args>::execute(Class&, const Extra& ...) [with Class = pybind11::class_<Derived, Base>; Extra = {}; typename std::enable_if<(! Class::has_alias), int>::type <anonymous> = 0; Args = {}]’
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:1148:9:   required from ‘pybind11::class_<type_, options>& pybind11::class_<type_, options>::def(const pybind11::detail::initimpl::constructor<Args ...>&, const Extra& ...) [with Args = {}; Extra = {}; type_ = Derived; options = {Base}]’
abstrakt_test.cpp:45:26:   required from here
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/detail/init.h:63:64: error: invalid new-expression of abstract class type ‘Derived’
 inline Class *construct_or_initialize(Args &&...args) { return new Class{std::forward<Args>(args)...}; }
                                                                ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
abstrakt_test.cpp:31:7: note:   because the following virtual functions are pure within ‘Derived’:
 class Derived: public Base
       ^~~~~~~
abstrakt_test.cpp:29:18: note:  ‘virtual void Base::printarma()’
     virtual void printarma() = 0;
                  ^~~~~~~~~
In file included from /home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/numpy.h:12,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma/converters.h:24,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma/arraystore.h:1,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma.h:1,
                 from abstrakt_test.cpp:18:
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h: In instantiation of ‘void pybind11::cpp_function::initialize(Func&&, Return (*)(Args ...), const Extra& ...) [with Func = pybind11::cpp_function::cpp_function(Return (Class::*)(Arg ...), const Extra& ...) [with Return = void; Class = Derived; Arg = {pybind11::array_t<double, 16>&}; Extra = {pybind11::name, pybind11::scope, pybind11::sibling, pybind11::arg}]::<lambda(Derived*, pybind11::array_t<double>&)>; Return = void; Args = {Derived*, pybind11::array_t<double, 16>&}; Extra = {pybind11::name, pybind11::scope, pybind11::sibling, pybind11::arg}]’:
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:78:9:   required from ‘pybind11::cpp_function::cpp_function(Return (Class::*)(Arg ...), const Extra& ...) [with Return = void; Class = Derived; Arg = {pybind11::array_t<double, 16>&}; Extra = {pybind11::name, pybind11::scope, pybind11::sibling, pybind11::arg}]’
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:819:22:   required from ‘pybind11::module& pybind11::module::def(const char*, Func&&, const Extra& ...) [with Func = void (Derived::*)(pybind11::array_t<double>&); Extra = {pybind11::arg}]’
abstrakt_test.cpp:47:55:   required from here
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:133:50: error: static assertion failed: The number of argument annotations does not match the number of function arguments
         static_assert(expected_num_args<Extra...>(sizeof...(Args), cast_in::has_args, cast_in::has_kwargs),
                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/attr.h:13,
                 from /home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:44,
                 from /home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/numpy.h:12,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma/converters.h:24,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma/arraystore.h:1,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma.h:1,
                 from abstrakt_test.cpp:18:
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/cast.h:1958:57: error: ‘std::enable_if_t<std::is_void<_Res>::value, pybind11::detail::void_type> pybind11::detail::argument_loader<Args>::call(Func&&) && [with Return = void; Guard = pybind11::detail::void_type; Func = pybind11::cpp_function::cpp_function(Return (Class::*)(Arg ...), const Extra& ...) [with Return = void; Class = Derived; Arg = {pybind11::array_t<double, 16>&}; Extra = {pybind11::name, pybind11::scope, pybind11::sibling, pybind11::arg}]::<lambda(Derived*, pybind11::array_t<double>&)>&; Args = {Derived*, pybind11::array_t<double, 16>&}; std::enable_if_t<std::is_void<_Res>::value, pybind11::detail::void_type> = pybind11::detail::void_type]’, declared using local type ‘pybind11::cpp_function::cpp_function(Return (Class::*)(Arg ...), const Extra& ...) [with Return = void; Class = Derived; Arg = {pybind11::array_t<double, 16>&}; Extra = {pybind11::name, pybind11::scope, pybind11::sibling, pybind11::arg}]::<lambda(Derived*, pybind11::array_t<double>&)>’, is used but never defined [-fpermissive]
     enable_if_t<std::is_void<Return>::value, void_type> call(Func &&f) && {

包含在/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:47中的文件中，
from/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/numpy.h:12，
从/usr/local/include/carma/carma/converters.h:24，
from/usr/local/include/carma/carma/arraystore.h:1，
from/usr/local/include/carma/carma.h:1，
来自abstrakt_测试。cpp:18：
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/detail/init.h:在“Class*pybind11:：detail:：initimpl:：construct_或_initialize（Args&&&…[其中Class=Derived；Args={}；typename std:：enable_if:：type=0]”的实例化中：
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/detail/init.h:174:66:从“static void pybind11:：detail:：initimpl:：constructor:：execute（Class&，const Extra&…）[with Class=pybind11:：Class；Extra={}；typename std:：enable_if:：type=0；Args={}]
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:1148:9:必须来自“pybind11:：class_u&pybind11:：class_u:：def（const pybind11:：detail:：initimpl:：constructor&，const Extra&…）[带参数={}；Extra={}；type_=派生；options={Base}]
abstrakt_测试。cpp:45:26：此处需要
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/detail/init.h:63:64:错误：抽象类类型为“派生”的新表达式无效
内联类*构造或初始化（Args&&…Args）{返回新类{std:：forward（Args）…}；}
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
abstrakt_test.cpp:31:7：注意：因为以下虚拟函数在“派生”中是纯函数：
派生类：公共基
^~~~~~~
abstrakt_test.cpp:29:18：注意：'virtualvoid Base:：printarma（）'
虚空printarma（）=0；
^~~~~~~~~
在/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/numpy.h:12中包含的文件中，
从/usr/local/include/carma/carma/converters.h:24，
from/usr/local/include/carma/carma/arraystore.h:1，
from/usr/local/include/carma/carma.h:1，
来自abstrakt_测试。cpp:18：
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:void pybind11:：cpp_function:：initialize（Func&&，Return（*）（Args…，const Extra&…）[带Func=pybind11:：cpp_function:：cpp_function（Return（Class:：*）（Arg…，const Extra&…）[with Return=void；Class=Derived；Arg={pybind11:：array_t&}；Extra={pybind11:：name，pybind11:：scope，pybind11:：sibling，pybind11:：Arg}]：：：；Return=void；Args={Derived*，pybind11:：array_t&}；Extra={pybind11:：name，pybind11:：scope，pybind11:：sibling，pybind11:：Arg}]：
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:78:9:从'pybind11:：cpp_函数：：cpp_函数（Return（Class:*）（Arg…，const Extra&…）[with Return=void；Class=Derived；Arg={pybind11:：array_t&}；Extra={pybind11:：name，pybind11:：scope，pybind11:：sibling，pybind11:：Arg}}]’
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:819:22:必须来自“pybind11:：module&pybind11:：module:：def（const char*，Func&&，const Extra&…）[with Func=void（派生：*）（pybind11:：array_t&）；Extra={pybind11:：arg}”
abstrakt_测试。cpp:47:55：此处需要
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:133:50:错误：静态断言失败：参数批注的数量与函数参数的数量不匹配
静态\u断言（预期的\u num\u参数（sizeof…（参数）、cast\u-in:：has\u-args、cast\u-in:：has\u-kwargs），
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
在/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/attr.h:13中包含的文件中，
from/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:44，
from/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/numpy.h:12，
从/usr/local/include/carma/carma/converters.h:24，
from/usr/local/include/carma/carma/arraystore.h:1，
from/usr/local/include/carma/carma.h:1，
来自abstrakt_测试。cpp:18：
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/cast.h:1958:57：错误：'std:：enable_if_pybind11:：detail:：argument\u loader:：call（Func&&&&&&&[with Return=void；Guard=pybind11:：detail:：void\type；Func=pybind11:：cpp_函数：：cpp_函数（Return（Class:：*）（Arg，const-Extra&…）[with Return=void；Class=Derived；Arg={pybind11:：array_t&}；Extra={pybind11:：name，pybind11:：scope，pybind11:：sibling，pybind11:：Arg}]：：：：&；Args={Derived*，pybind11:：array_t&}；std:：enable_if_=pybind11:：detail:：void_类型]'[with Return=void；Class=Derived；Arg={pybind11:：array\u t&}；Extra={pybind11:：name，
In file included from /home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:47,
                 from /home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/numpy.h:12,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma/converters.h:24,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma/arraystore.h:1,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma.h:1,
                 from abstrakt_test.cpp:18:
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/detail/init.h: In instantiation of ‘Class* pybind11::detail::initimpl::construct_or_initialize(Args&& ...) [with Class = Derived; Args = {}; typename std::enable_if<(! std::is_constructible<_Tp, _Args>::value), int>::type <anonymous> = 0]’:
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/detail/init.h:174:66:   required from ‘static void pybind11::detail::initimpl::constructor<Args>::execute(Class&, const Extra& ...) [with Class = pybind11::class_<Derived, Base>; Extra = {}; typename std::enable_if<(! Class::has_alias), int>::type <anonymous> = 0; Args = {}]’
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:1148:9:   required from ‘pybind11::class_<type_, options>& pybind11::class_<type_, options>::def(const pybind11::detail::initimpl::constructor<Args ...>&, const Extra& ...) [with Args = {}; Extra = {}; type_ = Derived; options = {Base}]’
abstrakt_test.cpp:45:26:   required from here
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/detail/init.h:63:64: error: invalid new-expression of abstract class type ‘Derived’
 inline Class *construct_or_initialize(Args &&...args) { return new Class{std::forward<Args>(args)...}; }
                                                                ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
abstrakt_test.cpp:31:7: note:   because the following virtual functions are pure within ‘Derived’:
 class Derived: public Base
       ^~~~~~~
abstrakt_test.cpp:29:18: note:  ‘virtual void Base::printarma()’
     virtual void printarma() = 0;
                  ^~~~~~~~~
In file included from /home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/numpy.h:12,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma/converters.h:24,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma/arraystore.h:1,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma.h:1,
                 from abstrakt_test.cpp:18:
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h: In instantiation of ‘void pybind11::cpp_function::initialize(Func&&, Return (*)(Args ...), const Extra& ...) [with Func = pybind11::cpp_function::cpp_function(Return (Class::*)(Arg ...), const Extra& ...) [with Return = void; Class = Derived; Arg = {pybind11::array_t<double, 16>&}; Extra = {pybind11::name, pybind11::scope, pybind11::sibling, pybind11::arg}]::<lambda(Derived*, pybind11::array_t<double>&)>; Return = void; Args = {Derived*, pybind11::array_t<double, 16>&}; Extra = {pybind11::name, pybind11::scope, pybind11::sibling, pybind11::arg}]’:
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:78:9:   required from ‘pybind11::cpp_function::cpp_function(Return (Class::*)(Arg ...), const Extra& ...) [with Return = void; Class = Derived; Arg = {pybind11::array_t<double, 16>&}; Extra = {pybind11::name, pybind11::scope, pybind11::sibling, pybind11::arg}]’
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:819:22:   required from ‘pybind11::module& pybind11::module::def(const char*, Func&&, const Extra& ...) [with Func = void (Derived::*)(pybind11::array_t<double>&); Extra = {pybind11::arg}]’
abstrakt_test.cpp:47:55:   required from here
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:133:50: error: static assertion failed: The number of argument annotations does not match the number of function arguments
         static_assert(expected_num_args<Extra...>(sizeof...(Args), cast_in::has_args, cast_in::has_kwargs),
                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/attr.h:13,
                 from /home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:44,
                 from /home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/numpy.h:12,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma/converters.h:24,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma/arraystore.h:1,
                 from /usr/local/include/carma/carma.h:1,
                 from abstrakt_test.cpp:18:
/home/mikanim/anaconda3/envs/pybind/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pybind11/include/pybind11/cast.h:1958:57: error: ‘std::enable_if_t<std::is_void<_Res>::value, pybind11::detail::void_type> pybind11::detail::argument_loader<Args>::call(Func&&) && [with Return = void; Guard = pybind11::detail::void_type; Func = pybind11::cpp_function::cpp_function(Return (Class::*)(Arg ...), const Extra& ...) [with Return = void; Class = Derived; Arg = {pybind11::array_t<double, 16>&}; Extra = {pybind11::name, pybind11::scope, pybind11::sibling, pybind11::arg}]::<lambda(Derived*, pybind11::array_t<double>&)>&; Args = {Derived*, pybind11::array_t<double, 16>&}; std::enable_if_t<std::is_void<_Res>::value, pybind11::detail::void_type> = pybind11::detail::void_type]’, declared using local type ‘pybind11::cpp_function::cpp_function(Return (Class::*)(Arg ...), const Extra& ...) [with Return = void; Class = Derived; Arg = {pybind11::array_t<double, 16>&}; Extra = {pybind11::name, pybind11::scope, pybind11::sibling, pybind11::arg}]::<lambda(Derived*, pybind11::array_t<double>&)>’, is used but never defined [-fpermissive]
     enable_if_t<std::is_void<Return>::value, void_type> call(Func &&f) && {

c++ -O3 -Wall -shared -std=c++11 -fPIC `python3 -m pybind11 --includes` abstrakt_test.cpp -o example`python3-config --extension-suffix`



#include <ostream>
#include <iostream>
#include <pybind11/pybind11.h>


namespace py = pybind11;
using namespace std;

class Base
{
public:
    virtual void test() = 0;
};
class Derived: public Base
{

public:

    void test() {cout << "Test";}
};

PYBIND11_MODULE(example,m) {
    py::class_<Base>(m, "Base");

    py::class_<Derived, Base>(m, "Derived")
        .def(py::init<>())
        .def("test", &Derived::test);
} 

class Base
{
public:
    virtual void test() = 0;
    virtual void printarma(py::array_t<double> & arr) = 0;
};
class Derived: public Base
{

public:
    void printarma(py::array_t<double> & arr) {arma::Mat<double> mat = carma::arr_to_mat<double>(arr);
            std::cout << mat<< std::endl;}
    void test()  {cout << "Test";}
};


PYBIND11_MODULE(example,m) {
    py::class_<Base>(m, "Base");

    py::class_<Derived, Base>(m, "Derived")
        .def(py::init<>())
        .def("test", &Derived::test)
        .def("printarma", &Derived::printarma,py::arg("arr"));