C# WPF数据绑定到组合框_C#_Wpf_Data Binding

C# WPF数据绑定到组合框

c# wpf data-binding

C# WPF数据绑定到组合框,c#,wpf,data-binding,C#,Wpf,Data Binding,我不熟悉WPF、C#和数据绑定。我只是想把一个简单的组合框绑定到一个ObservedCollection。代码如下： public class Directory { private string _ikey; public string IKey { get { return _ikey; } set { _ikey = value;

我不熟悉WPF、C#和数据绑定。我只是想把一个简单的组合框绑定到一个ObservedCollection。代码如下：

 public class Directory
{
    private string _ikey;
    public string IKey
    {
        get
        {
            return _ikey;
        }
        set
        {
            _ikey = value;
        }
    }
    private string _ivalue;
    public string IValue
    {
        get
        {
            return _ivalue;
        }
        set
        {
            _ivalue = value;
        }
    }

}
/// <summary>
/// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
/// </summary>
public partial class MainWindow : Window

{
    public ObservableCollection<Directory> DirectoryList = new ObservableCollection<Directory>();

    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        DirectoryList = new ObservableCollection<Directory>();
        Directory _dirtemp = new Directory();
        _dirtemp.IKey = "1";
        _dirtemp.IValue = "Steve";
        DirectoryList.Add(_dirtemp);

        _dirtemp = new Directory();
        _dirtemp.IKey = "2";
        _dirtemp.IValue = "John";
        DirectoryList.Add(_dirtemp);




    }
}

公共类目录
{
私人字符串；
公共字符串IKey
{
得到
{
返回(ikey);；
}
设置
{
_ikey=价值；
}
}
私有字符串_ivalue；
公共字符串IValue
{
得到
{
返回(ivalue);；
}
设置
{
_ivalue=价值；
}
}
}
/// 
///MainWindow.xaml的交互逻辑
/// 
公共部分类主窗口：窗口
{
public ObservableCollection DirectoryList=新的ObservableCollection（）；
公共主窗口（）
{
初始化组件（）；
DirectoryList=新的ObservableCollection（）；
目录_dirtemp=新目录（）；
_dirtemp.IKey=“1”；
_dirtemp.IValue=“史蒂夫”；
DirectoryList.Add（_dirtemp）；
_dirtemp=新目录（）；
_dirtemp.IKey=“2”；
_dirtemp.IValue=“约翰”；
DirectoryList.Add（_dirtemp）；
}
}

我的xaml如下所示：

<Window x:Class="DataBindCombo.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DataBindCombo"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
    <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource="{Binding Path=DirectoryList}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              >

public MainWindow()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    DataContext = this;
     ....
}

public partial class MainWindow : Window

{
    public ObservableCollection<Directory> DirectoryList;

    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        DirectoryList = new ObservableCollection<Directory>();
        Directory _dirtemp = new Directory();
        _dirtemp.IKey = "1";
        _dirtemp.IValue = "Steve";
        DirectoryList.Add(_dirtemp);

        _dirtemp = new Directory();
        _dirtemp.IKey = "2";
        _dirtemp.IValue = "John";
        DirectoryList.Add(_dirtemp);


        DataContext=DirectoryList;

    }
}

Window x:Class="DataBindCombo.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DataBindCombo"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
    <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource="{Binding}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              >

public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public static DependencyProperty DirectoryListProperty =
            DependencyProperty.Register("DirectoryList",
            typeof(ObservableCollection<Directory>),
            typeof(MainWindow));

        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        public ObservableCollection<Directory> DirectoryList
        {
            get { return (ObservableCollection<Directory>)base.GetValue(DirectoryListProperty); }
            set { base.SetValue(DirectoryListProperty, value); }
        }
    }

<Window x:Class="MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525" x:Name="mainWindow">
    <Grid>
        <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource=" {Binding ElementName=mainWindow, Path=DirectoryList}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              />

看起来应该很简单。我能够将绑定放在代码中，它工作得很好，但我希望通过xaml绑定它

有什么想法吗？绑定中的TIA路径与本地DataContext相关，而不是与包含窗口相关。您尚未为窗口设置DataContext，因此WPF没有用于查找DirectoryList属性的对象

对于当前对象模型，需要设置

this.DataContext=this在主窗口构造函数中。现在，MainWindow对象将是DataContext，DirectoryList绑定将针对MainWindow对象进行解析。（从长远来看，更好的做法是将数据模型移出一个单独的类，并将DataContext设置为该类的实例，但这是一个单独的问题。）
此外，WPF只能绑定到属性，不能绑定到字段。您的DirectoryList属性当前是一个字段；您需要将其更改为属性。
绑定中的路径与本地DataContext相关，而不是与包含窗口相关。您尚未为窗口设置DataContext，因此WPF没有用于查找DirectoryList属性的对象
对于当前对象模型，需要设置this.DataContext=this在主窗口构造函数中。现在，MainWindow对象将是DataContext，DirectoryList绑定将针对MainWindow对象进行解析。（从长远来看，更好的做法是将数据模型移出一个单独的类，并将DataContext设置为该类的实例，但这是一个单独的问题。）
此外，WPF只能绑定到属性，不能绑定到字段。您的DirectoryList属性当前是一个字段；您需要将其更改为属性。
您需要设置窗口的DataContext
。例如：
<Window x:Class="DataBindCombo.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DataBindCombo"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
    <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource="{Binding Path=DirectoryList}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              >

public MainWindow()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    DataContext = this;
     ....
}

public partial class MainWindow : Window

{
    public ObservableCollection<Directory> DirectoryList;

    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        DirectoryList = new ObservableCollection<Directory>();
        Directory _dirtemp = new Directory();
        _dirtemp.IKey = "1";
        _dirtemp.IValue = "Steve";
        DirectoryList.Add(_dirtemp);

        _dirtemp = new Directory();
        _dirtemp.IKey = "2";
        _dirtemp.IValue = "John";
        DirectoryList.Add(_dirtemp);


        DataContext=DirectoryList;

    }
}

Window x:Class="DataBindCombo.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DataBindCombo"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
    <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource="{Binding}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              >

public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public static DependencyProperty DirectoryListProperty =
            DependencyProperty.Register("DirectoryList",
            typeof(ObservableCollection<Directory>),
            typeof(MainWindow));

        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        public ObservableCollection<Directory> DirectoryList
        {
            get { return (ObservableCollection<Directory>)base.GetValue(DirectoryListProperty); }
            set { base.SetValue(DirectoryListProperty, value); }
        }
    }

<Window x:Class="MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525" x:Name="mainWindow">
    <Grid>
        <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource=" {Binding ElementName=mainWindow, Path=DirectoryList}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              />

您需要设置窗口的DataContext
。例如：
<Window x:Class="DataBindCombo.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DataBindCombo"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
    <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource="{Binding Path=DirectoryList}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              >

public MainWindow()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    DataContext = this;
     ....
}

public partial class MainWindow : Window

{
    public ObservableCollection<Directory> DirectoryList;

    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        DirectoryList = new ObservableCollection<Directory>();
        Directory _dirtemp = new Directory();
        _dirtemp.IKey = "1";
        _dirtemp.IValue = "Steve";
        DirectoryList.Add(_dirtemp);

        _dirtemp = new Directory();
        _dirtemp.IKey = "2";
        _dirtemp.IValue = "John";
        DirectoryList.Add(_dirtemp);


        DataContext=DirectoryList;

    }
}

Window x:Class="DataBindCombo.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DataBindCombo"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
    <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource="{Binding}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              >

public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public static DependencyProperty DirectoryListProperty =
            DependencyProperty.Register("DirectoryList",
            typeof(ObservableCollection<Directory>),
            typeof(MainWindow));

        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        public ObservableCollection<Directory> DirectoryList
        {
            get { return (ObservableCollection<Directory>)base.GetValue(DirectoryListProperty); }
            set { base.SetValue(DirectoryListProperty, value); }
        }
    }

<Window x:Class="MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525" x:Name="mainWindow">
    <Grid>
        <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource=" {Binding ElementName=mainWindow, Path=DirectoryList}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              />

将绑定指向后面的代码：
ItemsSource="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor,AncestorType={x:Type Window}},Path=DirectoryList}"

将绑定指向后面的代码：
ItemsSource="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor,AncestorType={x:Type Window}},Path=DirectoryList}"

有几种方法可以解决这个问题。最基本的是，您需要这样做，以便XAML可以看到您的收藏。通过将其设置为DataContext，可以以隐式方式执行此操作。如果这是你唯一要绑定的东西，那么这是一种快速而肮脏的绑定方式。它看起来是这样的：
<Window x:Class="DataBindCombo.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DataBindCombo"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
    <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource="{Binding Path=DirectoryList}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              >

public MainWindow()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    DataContext = this;
     ....
}

public partial class MainWindow : Window

{
    public ObservableCollection<Directory> DirectoryList;

    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        DirectoryList = new ObservableCollection<Directory>();
        Directory _dirtemp = new Directory();
        _dirtemp.IKey = "1";
        _dirtemp.IValue = "Steve";
        DirectoryList.Add(_dirtemp);

        _dirtemp = new Directory();
        _dirtemp.IKey = "2";
        _dirtemp.IValue = "John";
        DirectoryList.Add(_dirtemp);


        DataContext=DirectoryList;

    }
}

Window x:Class="DataBindCombo.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DataBindCombo"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
    <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource="{Binding}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              >

public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public static DependencyProperty DirectoryListProperty =
            DependencyProperty.Register("DirectoryList",
            typeof(ObservableCollection<Directory>),
            typeof(MainWindow));

        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        public ObservableCollection<Directory> DirectoryList
        {
            get { return (ObservableCollection<Directory>)base.GetValue(DirectoryListProperty); }
            set { base.SetValue(DirectoryListProperty, value); }
        }
    }

<Window x:Class="MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525" x:Name="mainWindow">
    <Grid>
        <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource=" {Binding ElementName=mainWindow, Path=DirectoryList}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              />

公共部分类主窗口：窗口
{
公开收集目录；
公共主窗口（）
{
初始化组件（）；
DirectoryList=新的ObservableCollection（）；
目录_dirtemp=新目录（）；
_dirtemp.IKey=“1”；
_dirtemp.IValue=“史蒂夫”；
DirectoryList.Add（_dirtemp）；
_dirtemp=新目录（）；
_dirtemp.IKey=“2”；
_dirtemp.IValue=“约翰”；
DirectoryList.Add（_dirtemp）；
DataContext=目录列表；
}
}
窗口x:Class=“DataBindCombo.MainWindow”
xmlns=”http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x=”http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:local=“clr命名空间：DataBindCombo”
Title=“MainWindow”Height=“350”Width=“525”>

另一种方法更复杂，但可能是您将更经常使用的方法。为此，您需要在主窗口中将集合作为DependencyProperty公开，然后绑定到该值。它看起来像这样：
<Window x:Class="DataBindCombo.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DataBindCombo"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
    <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource="{Binding Path=DirectoryList}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              >

public MainWindow()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    DataContext = this;
     ....
}

public partial class MainWindow : Window

{
    public ObservableCollection<Directory> DirectoryList;

    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        DirectoryList = new ObservableCollection<Directory>();
        Directory _dirtemp = new Directory();
        _dirtemp.IKey = "1";
        _dirtemp.IValue = "Steve";
        DirectoryList.Add(_dirtemp);

        _dirtemp = new Directory();
        _dirtemp.IKey = "2";
        _dirtemp.IValue = "John";
        DirectoryList.Add(_dirtemp);


        DataContext=DirectoryList;

    }
}

Window x:Class="DataBindCombo.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DataBindCombo"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
    <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource="{Binding}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              >

public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public static DependencyProperty DirectoryListProperty =
            DependencyProperty.Register("DirectoryList",
            typeof(ObservableCollection<Directory>),
            typeof(MainWindow));

        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        public ObservableCollection<Directory> DirectoryList
        {
            get { return (ObservableCollection<Directory>)base.GetValue(DirectoryListProperty); }
            set { base.SetValue(DirectoryListProperty, value); }
        }
    }

<Window x:Class="MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525" x:Name="mainWindow">
    <Grid>
        <ComboBox Height="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="70,104,0,0" Name="comboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="310"
              ItemsSource=" {Binding ElementName=mainWindow, Path=DirectoryList}"
              DisplayMemberPath="IValue"
              SelectedValuePath="IKey"
              />

公共部分类主窗口：窗口
{
公共静态从属属性DirectoryListProperty=
DependencyProperty.Register（“目录列表”，
类型（可观测采集），
类型（主窗口）；
公共主窗口（）
{
初始化组件（）；
}
公共可观测集合目录列表
{
获取{return（observeCollection）base.GetValue（DirectoryListProperty）；}
set{base.SetValue（DirectoryListProperty，value）；}
}
}

这也不是以这种方式实现这一目标的唯一途径。通常，您不需要直接在控件上创建列表，而需要创建视图模型。这是创建演示文稿的推荐方法，但我的示例为您提供了一种获得功能的方法。你可以用不同的方法进行游戏和实验。我发现，在WPF中，做事总是有多种方法，找到一种最适合情况的方法是很重要的。
有几种方法可以做到这一点。最基本的是，您需要这样做，以便XAML可以看到您的收藏。通过将其设置为DataContext，可以以隐式方式执行此操作。如果这是你唯一要绑定的东西，那么这是一种快速而肮脏的绑定方式。它看起来是这样的：