Ipad 自动布局约束或堆栈视图_Ipad_Autolayout_Swift2_Ios9_Xcode7

Ipad 自动布局约束或堆栈视图

ipad swift2

Ipad 自动布局约束或堆栈视图,ipad,autolayout,swift2,ios9,xcode7,Ipad,Autolayout,Swift2,Ios9,Xcode7,我需要一些严重的帮助与自动布局。我总共有12个按钮，我正试图把它们布置成键盘。最后应该是这样的现在看起来是这样的以下是我目前的限制我真的需要一些人帮我解决这个问题。有人能帮忙吗。我不熟悉编程和XCODE。但这并不难。我能得到一些帮助吗。我看了一本又一本关于自动布局的教程，这是一个非常令人困惑的概念。我需要布置这个简单的钢琴键盘，请帮忙谢谢我建议您尝试以编程方式设置约束，而不是在interface builder中。通过这种方式，您将能够了解约束的实际情况，并且能够在interfac

我需要一些严重的帮助与自动布局。我总共有12个按钮，我正试图把它们布置成键盘。最后应该是这样的

现在看起来是这样的

以下是我目前的限制

我真的需要一些人帮我解决这个问题。有人能帮忙吗。我不熟悉编程和XCODE。但这并不难。我能得到一些帮助吗。我看了一本又一本关于自动布局的教程，这是一个非常令人困惑的概念。我需要布置这个简单的钢琴键盘，请帮忙

谢谢

我建议您尝试以编程方式设置约束，而不是在interface builder中。通过这种方式，您将能够了解约束的实际情况，并且能够在interface builder中轻松地执行约束

有三种类型的编程自动布局约束符号： 1.init（item:attribute:relatedBy:toItem:attribute:multiplier:constant:）。最好在需要基于百分比的布局（乘数）时使用。 2.锚定符号（iOS9中新增）。我没有使用新锚定符号的经验，但我知道它与interface builder中约束的组合类似。但同样，您无法确切地知道约束对每个视图的作用。 3.使用可视化格式进行约束。与第一名相同，但更简单。唯一不好的一面是，如果要按百分比调整视图大小，它就没有这样做的能力

我想要你测试数字3只是因为你可以用VisualFormat符号“可视化”更多的约束。但是在你开始打开参考文献来指导你自己之前

首先，添加一个新的swift文件。将其命名为KeyBoardView并将下面的代码复制到其中

class KeyboardView: UIView {
var redKey : UIView!
var orangeKey : UIView!
var yellowKey : UIView!
var greenKey : UIView!
var lightBlueKey : UIView!
var darkBlueKey : UIView!
var purpleKey : UIView!
var blackKey1 : UIView!
var blackKey2 : UIView!
var blackKey3 : UIView!
var blackKey4 : UIView!
var blackKey5 : UIView!


override init(frame: CGRect) {
    super.init(frame: frame)
    self.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
    setup()
}

required init(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
    fatalError("This class does not support NSCoding")
}

func setup () {
    redKey = UIView()
    redKey.backgroundColor = UIColor.redColor()
    redKey.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.insertSubview(redKey!, atIndex: 10)

    orangeKey = UIView()
    orangeKey.backgroundColor = UIColor.orangeColor()
    orangeKey.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.insertSubview(orangeKey!, atIndex: 10)

    yellowKey = UIView()
    yellowKey.backgroundColor = UIColor.yellowColor()
    yellowKey.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.insertSubview(yellowKey, atIndex: 10)

    greenKey = UIView()
    greenKey.backgroundColor = UIColor.greenColor()
    greenKey.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.insertSubview(greenKey, atIndex: 10)

    lightBlueKey = UIView()
    lightBlueKey.backgroundColor = UIColor.blueColor()
    lightBlueKey.alpha = 0.5
    lightBlueKey.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.insertSubview(lightBlueKey, atIndex: 10)

    darkBlueKey = UIView()
    darkBlueKey.backgroundColor = UIColor.blueColor()
    darkBlueKey.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.insertSubview(darkBlueKey, atIndex: 10)

    purpleKey = UIView()
    purpleKey.backgroundColor = UIColor.purpleColor()
    purpleKey.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.insertSubview(purpleKey, atIndex: 10)

    blackKey1 = UIView()
    blackKey1.backgroundColor = UIColor.blackColor()
    blackKey1.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.insertSubview(blackKey1, atIndex: 11)

    blackKey2 = UIView()
    blackKey2.backgroundColor = UIColor.blackColor()
    blackKey2.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.insertSubview(blackKey2, atIndex: 11)

    blackKey3 = UIView()
    blackKey3.backgroundColor = UIColor.blackColor()
    blackKey3.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.insertSubview(blackKey3, atIndex: 11)

    blackKey4 = UIView()
    blackKey4.backgroundColor = UIColor.blackColor()
    blackKey4.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.insertSubview(blackKey4, atIndex: 11)

    blackKey5 = UIView()
    blackKey5.backgroundColor = UIColor.blackColor()
    blackKey5.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.insertSubview(blackKey5, atIndex: 11)

    let views = [
        "redKey" : redKey,
        "orangeKey" : orangeKey,
        "yellowKey" : yellowKey,
        "greenKey" : greenKey,
        "lightBlueKey" : lightBlueKey,
        "darkBlueKey" : darkBlueKey,
        "purpleKey" : purpleKey,
        "blackKey1" : blackKey1,
        "blackKey2" : blackKey2,
        "blackKey3" : blackKey3,
        "blackKey4" : blackKey4,
        "blackKey5" : blackKey5,
    ]

    let colorKeySpan = self.bounds.width/7
    let blackKeyWidth = self.bounds.width/12
    let blackKeyHeight = self.bounds.height/2.5
    let scaleGap = self.bounds.width/6

    let metrics = [
        "colorKeySpan" : colorKeySpan,
        "blackKeyWidth" : blackKeyWidth,
        "blackKeyHeight" : blackKeyHeight,
        "scaleGap" : scaleGap,
    ]

    let redKeyVConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-0-[redKey]-0-|", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    let redKeyHConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:|-0-[redKey(colorKeySpan)]-0-[orangeKey]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    self.addConstraints(redKeyVConstraint)
    self.addConstraints(redKeyHConstraint)

    let orangeKeyVConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-0-[orangeKey]-0-|", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    let orangeKeyHConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:[orangeKey(colorKeySpan)]-0-[yellowKey]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    self.addConstraints(orangeKeyVConstraint)
    self.addConstraints(orangeKeyHConstraint)

    let yellowKeyVConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-0-[yellowKey]-0-|", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    let yellowKeyHConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:[yellowKey(colorKeySpan)]-0-[greenKey]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    self.addConstraints(yellowKeyVConstraint)
    self.addConstraints(yellowKeyHConstraint)

    let greenKeyVConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-0-[greenKey]-0-|", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    let greenKeyHConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:[greenKey(colorKeySpan)]-0-[lightBlueKey]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    self.addConstraints(greenKeyVConstraint)
    self.addConstraints(greenKeyHConstraint)

    let lightBlueKeyVConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-0-[lightBlueKey]-0-|", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    let lightBlueKeyHConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:[lightBlueKey(colorKeySpan)]-0-[darkBlueKey]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    self.addConstraints(lightBlueKeyVConstraint)
    self.addConstraints(lightBlueKeyHConstraint)

    let darkBlueKeyVConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-0-[darkBlueKey]-0-|", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    let darkBlueKeyHConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:[darkBlueKey(colorKeySpan)]-0-[purpleKey]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    self.addConstraints(darkBlueKeyVConstraint)
    self.addConstraints(darkBlueKeyHConstraint)

    let purpleKeyVConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-0-[purpleKey]-0-|", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    let purpleKeyHConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:[purpleKey(colorKeySpan)]-0-|", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    self.addConstraints(purpleKeyVConstraint)
    self.addConstraints(purpleKeyHConstraint)

    let blackKey1VConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-0-[blackKey1(blackKeyHeight)]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    let blackKey1HConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:|-blackKeyWidth-[blackKey1(blackKeyWidth)]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    self.addConstraints(blackKey1VConstraint)
    self.addConstraints(blackKey1HConstraint)

    let blackKey2VConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-0-[blackKey2(blackKeyHeight)]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    let blackKey2HConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:[blackKey1]-blackKeyWidth-[blackKey2(blackKeyWidth)]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    self.addConstraints(blackKey2VConstraint)
    self.addConstraints(blackKey2HConstraint)

    let blackKey3VConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-0-[blackKey3(blackKeyHeight)]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    let blackKey3HConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:[blackKey2]-scaleGap-[blackKey3(blackKeyWidth)]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    self.addConstraints(blackKey3VConstraint)
    self.addConstraints(blackKey3HConstraint)

    let blackKey4VConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-0-[blackKey4(blackKeyHeight)]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    let blackKey4HConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:[blackKey3]-blackKeyWidth-[blackKey4(blackKeyWidth)]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    self.addConstraints(blackKey4VConstraint)
    self.addConstraints(blackKey4HConstraint)

    let blackKey5VConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-0-[blackKey5(blackKeyHeight)]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    let blackKey5HConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:[blackKey4]-blackKeyWidth-[blackKey5(blackKeyWidth)]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(rawValue: 0), metrics: metrics, views: views)
    self.addConstraints(blackKey5VConstraint)
    self.addConstraints(blackKey5HConstraint)
}

}

记得在文件的顶部导入UIKIT和基础。

然后将以下代码添加到viewDidLoad方法中的ViewController：

let keyboardView = KeyboardView(frame: UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds)
self.view.addSubview(keyView

您可以根据需要更改框架

我们所做的只是向接口添加一个自定义UIView。只需将KeyboardView类上的属性和“setup”方法添加到ViewController类中，就可以在没有自定义UIView的情况下在ViewController上设置所有约束

对于复杂的视图设置，如您的，我建议以编程方式进行设置，因为您总是要更改周围的所有内容，而不是使用interface builder中断所有内容，您将能够准确地移动所需的值

通过更改度量值，即虚线和括号之间的值来进行实验。然后尝试用符号1重新创建中的约束

也要知道，您始终可以自定义UIKit的元素并将其子类化。