Java 我可以尝试/捕获此错误吗？“；尝试打开jar时发生意外错误"；

我正在开发我的第一个非平凡Java应用程序。它是由一位同事开始的，但她没有时间完成，所以我接管了它。我决定使用Buildr作为我的构建工具：

首先，要从空目标目录开始，我需要：

buildr clean

然后我：

buildr --verbose compile

这给了我：

(in /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg, development)
Compiling buildr_fdg
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company
cp /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/resources/com/company/students.txt /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company/students.txt
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company
cp /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/resources/com/company/scores.txt /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company/scores.txt
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company
cp /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/resources/com/company/behavior.txt /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company/behavior.txt
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company
cp /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/resources/com/company/schoolDates.txt /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company/schoolDates.txt
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company
cp /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/resources/com/company/assignments.txt /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company/assignments.txt
touch /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/classes
Compiling buildr_fdg into /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/classes
Note: /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/java/com/company/Main.java uses or overrides a deprecated API.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.
touch /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/classes
Completed in 0.926s

(in /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg, development)
Building buildr_fdg
Packaging buildr_fdg
Packaging buildr_fdg-1.0.0.jar
rm /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/buildr_fdg-1.0.0.jar
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target
Running integration tests...
Completed in 0.212s

这给了我“.class”文件。现在我想把它打包成一个罐子，所以我：

cerhov : 15:26:04 : ~/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg $ buildr --verbose package

这给了我：

(in /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg, development)
Compiling buildr_fdg
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company
cp /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/resources/com/company/students.txt /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company/students.txt
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company
cp /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/resources/com/company/scores.txt /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company/scores.txt
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company
cp /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/resources/com/company/behavior.txt /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company/behavior.txt
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company
cp /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/resources/com/company/schoolDates.txt /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company/schoolDates.txt
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company
cp /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/resources/com/company/assignments.txt /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources/com/company/assignments.txt
touch /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/resources
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/classes
Compiling buildr_fdg into /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/classes
Note: /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/java/com/company/Main.java uses or overrides a deprecated API.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.
touch /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/classes
Completed in 0.926s

(in /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg, development)
Building buildr_fdg
Packaging buildr_fdg
Packaging buildr_fdg-1.0.0.jar
rm /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target/buildr_fdg-1.0.0.jar
mkdir -p /Users/cerhov/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg/target
Running integration tests...
Completed in 0.212s

然后我会这样做：

cerhov : 15:26:56 : ~/projects/openz/lofdg/buildr_fdg $ ls target/

我看到已经创建了一个新的Jar文件：

buildr_fdg-1.0.0.jar    classes         resources

因此，我：

java -jar target/buildr_fdg-1.0.0.jar 

但我得到：

Error: An unexpected error occurred while trying to open file target/buildr_fdg-1.0.0.jar

我想获得更多信息，所以我将整个main（）函数包装在一个大的try/catch语句中：

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
    // all my real code goes here, but I have deleted it for clarity
} catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}
}

然后我重新编译和打包，但仍然得到相同的错误。我不清楚如何强制应用程序提供更多信息

我想看看我的manifest.txt是否进入了我的jar，所以我将jar复制到另一个文件夹中，并将其光盘刻录到该文件夹中，然后：

 jar xf buildr_fdg-1.0.0.jar     

然后这个：

cat META-INF/MANIFEST.MF 

给我看：

Created-By: Buildr
: 
Manifest-Version: 1.0
Main-Class: com/company/Main

看起来不错。也许我可以添加一个类路径，尽管Buildr似乎已经找到了所有的文件

如何强制应用程序向我提供有关问题的更多信息

更新：

我尝试将此行添加到清单：

Class-Path: /Users/cerhov/projects/launchopen/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/java/com/company

然后我重新编译和打包。但这是：

java -cp buildr_fdg-1.0.0.jar com.company.Main

给我：

Error: Could not find or load main class com.company.Main

所以我尝试了各种变化：

/Users/cerhov/projects/launchopen/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/java/com/

/Users/cerhov/projects/launchopen/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/java/

/Users/cerhov/projects/launchopen/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/main/

/Users/cerhov/projects/launchopen/lofdg/buildr_fdg/src/

/Users/cerhov/projects/launchopen/lofdg/buildr_fdg/

这些都不管用。我应该将类路径指向源目录还是目标目录

---

为什么Buildr不能为我管理这个？它确实找到了所有的文件，并将它们打包到jar中，因此它知道所有的东西都在哪里

我重新创建了这个问题，并能够通过手动删除清单文件中显示的冒号（：）来纠正它。不知道buildr为什么把它放在那里。这描述了一种可能覆盖buildr中清单文件的方法：我的声誉太低，无法发布评论，因此很遗憾，我只能将其作为答案发布。希望这能有所帮助。

清单文件似乎有几个问题。一个是上面kharyam提到的一个错误的“：”，另一个是主类属性的格式不正确。它应该看起来像类名（即“Main class:com.company.Main”）。如果您可以发布构建文件中定义包的部分，我们可能会进一步提供帮助。

Main.java文件中是否有包语句？如果运行

java-cp buildr\u fdg-1.0.0.jar com.company.Main会发生什么情况。这句话：“java-cp buildr_fdg-1.0.0.jar com.company.Main”告诉我：错误：无法在jar文件中找到或加载主要类com.company.Mainis
com/company/Main
？如果我“jar xf buildr_fdg-1.0.0.jar”并查看提取的内容，那么就有一个“com”文件夹，里面有一个“company”文件夹，里面有一个“company”文件夹“Main.class”。删除冒号并手动构建jar，确实让我克服了一系列问题（将我带到其他问题上）。