无法为我的测试用例运行java junit selenium代码

我使用KatalonIDE记录了测试用例步骤，并且我能够使用私有浏览器会话成功地播放记录

现在，我希望使用headless浏览器在Linux中播放测试用例

因此，我将测试用例导出为Java Junit代码，如下所示：

package pack;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.junit.*;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver;

public class QScan { 
private static HtmlUnitDriver driver;  
private static String baseUrl;  
private boolean acceptNextAlert = true;  
private static StringBuffer verificationErrors = new StringBuffer();

public static void setUp() throws Exception {
        driver = new HtmlUnitDriver();
   driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
  }

    public static void testQScan() throws Exception {
   driver.get("https://qualysguard.mybank.com/fo/login.php?idm_key=saml2_70d8552f0974");
System.out.println("Title of the page is -> " + driver.getTitle());
System.out.println("Entering userName!");
        driver.findElement(By.id("userNameInput")).click();
        System.out.println("Clear userName!");
        driver.findElement(By.id("userNameInput")).clear();
        System.out.println("Title of the page is 2 -> " + driver.getTitle()); 
}

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
    {
        QScan.setUp();
        QScan.testQScan();
        QScan.tearDown();
    }

 private static boolean isElementPresent(By by) {
    try {
      driver.findElement(by);
      return true;
    } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {
      return false;
    }
  }

  private boolean isAlertPresent() {
    try {
driver.switchTo().alert();
  return true;
    } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) {
return false;
    }
  }

 }

我能够使用下面的命令编译代码

javac -d . -cp /app/Katalon/lib/lib/junit.jar:/app/Katalon/lib/lib/hamcrest-core-1.2.jar:/app/Katalon/lib/lib/selenium-java-3.141.0.jar:/app/Katalon/lib/lib/selenium-api-3.141.0.jar:/app/Katalon/lib/lib/selenium-firefox-driver-3.141.0.jar:/app/Katalon/lib/lib/selenium-support-3.141.0.jar:/app/Katalon/lib/lib/selenium-htmlunit-driver-2.52.0.jar:/app/Katalon/lib/lib/selenium-server-standalone-2.53.0.jar QScan.java 

url:会将我重定向到Active Directory ADFS SSO登录页面，在那里我有userNameInput和userPasswordInput字段以及用于登录的submit按钮

运行java代码测试用例会出现以下错误：

[user1@myhost vapt]$ java pack.QScan
Title of the page is -> null
Entering userName!
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element by id for com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.UnexpectedPage@30af5b6b
For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html
Build info: version: '3.141.0', revision: '2ecb7d9a', time: '2018-10-31T20:09:30'
System info: host: 'myhost', ip: '10.9.56.26', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '3.10.0-1062.1.2.el7.x86_64', java.version: '1.8.0_221'
Driver info: driver.version: HtmlUnitDriver
        at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.findElementById(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1011)
        at org.openqa.selenium.By$ById.findElement(By.java:188)
        at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver$5.call(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1725)
        at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver$5.call(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1721)
        at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.implicitlyWaitFor(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1367)
        at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.findElement(HtmlUnitDriver.java:1721)
        at org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver.findElement(HtmlUnitDriver.java:606)
        at pack.QScan.testQScan(QScan.java:82)
        at pack.QScan.main(QScan.java:182)

网上后研究；我认为应该在单击之前等待元素加载，因此，我在->driver.findElement（By.id（“userNameInput”））之前添加了以下代码

见下文：

driver.get("https://qualysguard.mybank.com/fo/login.php?idm_key=saml2_70d8552f0974");

    for (int second = 0;; second++) {

        if (second >= 3) fail("timeout");
        try
        {
                   System.out.println("Title of the page is -> " + driver.getTitle());
                   System.out.println("second is:" + second);
                   if (isElementPresent(By.id("submitButton"))) break;

        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
                System.out.println("second2 is:" + second);
                System.out.println(e);
                e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        System.out.println("AFTER SLEEP");
    }


    System.out.println("Entering userName!");
    driver.findElement(By.id("userNameInput")).click();
    System.out.println("Clear userName!");

然而，当我编译并运行它时，它只是在不应该超时的时候超时。请参见下面的输出

[user1@myhost vapt]$ java pack.QScan
Title of the page is -> null
second is:0
AFTER SLEEP
Title of the page is -> null
second is:1
AFTER SLEEP
Title of the page is -> null
second is:2
AFTER SLEEP
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.AssertionError: timeout
        at org.junit.Assert.fail(Assert.java:88)
        at pack.QScan.testQScan(QScan.java:61)
        at pack.QScan.main(QScan.java:182)

下面的命令确认可以从服务器访问URL

[user1@myhost vapt]$ firefox -v
Failed to open connection to "session" message bus: Unable to autolaunch a dbus-daemon without a $DISPLAY for X11
Running without a11y support!
Mozilla Firefox 60.9.0

[user1@myhost vapt]$ curl -Is https://qualysguard.mybank.com/fo/login.php?idm_key=saml2_70d8552f0974
HTTP/1.1 200 Connection established

此外，在Windows上的chrome浏览器上使用Katalon IDE，该测试用例运行良好，这一事实确认了元素ID是正确的

您能建议我如何获得这项工作吗？

此错误消息

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element by id for com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.UnexpectedPage@30af5b6b
For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html
Build info: version: '3.141.0', revision: '2ecb7d9a', time: '2018-10-31T20:09:30'
System info: host: 'myhost', ip: '10.9.56.26', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '3.10.0-1062.1.2.el7.x86_64', java.version: '1.8.0_221'
Driver info: driver.version: HtmlUnitDriver

…意味着HtmlUnitDriver无法启动/生成新的重影浏览器会话

正如您所看到的，您的主要问题似乎从一开始就不一致：

Title of the page is -> null

---

解决方案 在网站的userNameInput和userPasswordInput字段中发送带有的字符序列

https://qualysguard.mybank.com/fo/login.php?idm_key=saml2_70d8552f0974

您必须为

元素导入WebDriverWait以使其可伸缩（）

，并且您可以使用以下任一解决方案：

• css选择器

  ：

  WebElement element = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector("#userNameInput")));
  element.click();
  element.clear();
  

• xpath

  ：

  WebElement element = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("//*[@id='userNameInput']")));
  element.click();
  element.clear();
  

重要信息：确保

HtmlUnitDriver（）

未从以下位置解析：

com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.BrowserVersion;

---

额外考虑 您的Selenium客户端版本是2018-10-31T20:09:30的3.141.0，比它早了一年多。确保硒升级到当前水平

---

工具书类 您可以在以下内容中找到一些相关讨论：

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我有一个类似的问题：测试用例在windows上本地工作，但在无头Linux中不工作。仍在寻找解决方案：（.请参见此处：。您的建议没有帮助。我在driver.get之后添加了WebDriverWait代码，并使用selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar重新编译，但标题仍然显示为null。稍后它抛出java.lang.illegalStateException:无法通过xpath为com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit找到元素。unexpectedpage@Ashar结帐美国更新答案并让我知道状态。@DebajanB我看到了你的评论，但是我不知道如何将HtmlUnitDriver（）解析为适当的API。在我可以在此处更新之前，将咨询熟悉Java的人以帮助我。@Ashar确保HtmlUnitDriver（）未从以下地址解析：

com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.BrowserVersion；

签出相关讨论。将HtmlUnitDriver（）解析为所需的api后，我仍然面临如何使WebDriverWait正常工作的问题。此处发布了进度和面临的新问题：