如何使用Codable解析Swift 4中的复杂JSON

我需要从服务器解析JSON的帮助。以下是JSON：

{
"response": {
    "items": [
        {
            "type": "post",
            "source_id": -17507435,
            "date": 1514538602,
            "post_id": 4105,
            "post_type": "post",
            "text": "Some text here",
            "marked_as_ads": 0,
            "attachments": [
                {
                    "type": "photo",
                    "photo": {
                        "id": 456239655,
                        "album_id": -7,
                        "owner_id": -17507435,
                        "user_id": 100,
                        "photo_75": "https://sun1-3.userapi.com/c840632/v840632924/3b7e7/4YUS7DlaLK8.jpg",
                        "photo_130": "https://sun1-3.userapi.com/c840632/v840632924/3b7e8/Ffpb4ZUlulI.jpg",
                        "photo_604": "https://sun1-3.userapi.com/c840632/v840632924/3b7e9/-pkl6Qdb9hk.jpg",
                        "width": 439,
                        "height": 312,
                        "text": "",
                        "date": 1514538602,
                        "post_id": 4105,
                        "access_key": "6a61a49570efd9c39c"
                    }
                }
            ],
            "post_source": {
                "type": "api"
            },
            "comments": {
                "count": 0,
                "groups_can_post": true,
                "can_post": 1
            },
            "likes": {
                "count": 0,
                "user_likes": 0,
                "can_like": 1,
                "can_publish": 1
            },
            "reposts": {
                "count": 0,
                "user_reposted": 0
            },
            "views": {
                "count": 2
            }
        }
    ],
    "profiles": [],
    "groups": [
        {
            "id": 17507435,
            "name": "Literature Museum",
            "screen_name": "samlitmus",
            "is_closed": 0,
            "type": "group",
            "is_admin": 0,
            "is_member": 1,
            "photo_50": "https://pp.userapi.com/c615722/v615722068/e58c/d5Y8E_5689s.jpg",
            "photo_100": "https://pp.userapi.com/c615722/v615722068/e58b/Hm05ga3x2J8.jpg",
            "photo_200": "https://pp.userapi.com/c615722/v615722068/e589/yoG_DDalFII.jpg"
        },
        {
            "id": 27711883,
            "name": "E:\\music\\melodic hardcore",
            "screen_name": "e_melodic_hc",
            "is_closed": 0,
            "type": "page",
            "is_admin": 0,
            "is_member": 1,
            "photo_50": "https://pp.userapi.com/c628220/v628220426/47092/xepNnC7pSBw.jpg",
            "photo_100": "https://pp.userapi.com/c628220/v628220426/47091/uAokr-c3NQ8.jpg",
            "photo_200": "https://pp.userapi.com/c628220/v628220426/4708f/eNY4vzooz4E.jpg"
        },
        {
            "id": 81574241,
            "name": "DOS4GW.EXE",
            "screen_name": "dos4gw",
            "is_closed": 0,
            "type": "page",
            "is_admin": 0,
            "is_member": 1,
            "photo_50": "https://pp.userapi.com/c622118/v622118651/e045/vlhV6QxtoLI.jpg",
            "photo_100": "https://pp.userapi.com/c622118/v622118651/e044/P9mVUhXBV58.jpg",
            "photo_200": "https://pp.userapi.com/c622118/v622118651/e043/Soq8oxCMB0I.jpg"
        },
        {
            "id": 76709587,
            "name": "Prosvet",
            "screen_name": "prosvet_pub",
            "is_closed": 0,
            "type": "page",
            "is_admin": 0,
            "is_member": 0,
            "photo_50": "https://pp.userapi.com/c630431/v630431500/b24a/GHox8AmDTXU.jpg",
            "photo_100": "https://pp.userapi.com/c630431/v630431500/b249/H3mcC-K7htM.jpg",
            "photo_200": "https://pp.userapi.com/c630431/v630431500/b248/9fyvB8gkcwc.jpg"
        }
    ],
    "next_from": "1/4105_1514494800_5"
}

}

我需要从这个JSON中获得以下行：“文本”、“评论”、“喜欢”、“转发”、“附件”

在“附件”字段中，我想获得“photo_604”行

这是我的密码：

class NewsItems: Decodable {
    var text: String?
    var comments: Comments
    var likes: Likes
    var reposts: Reposts
    var attachments: [Attachments]
}

class Comments: Decodable {
    var count: Int?
}

class Likes: Decodable {
    var count: Int?
}

class Reposts: Decodable {
    var count: Int?
}

class Attachments: Decodable {
    var attachments: AttachmentPhoto
}

class AttachmentPhoto: Decodable {
    var photo: WhatIsInsideAttachmentsPhoto
}

class WhatIsInsideAttachmentsPhoto: Decodable {
    var photo: String?

    enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
        case photo = "photo_604"
    }
}


class WhatIsIsideResponseNewsFeed: Decodable {
    var items: [NewsItems]
}

public class ResponseNewsFeed: Decodable {
    var response: WhatIsIsideResponseNewsFeed
}

但在提出请求后：

Alamofire.request(baseURL+methodName, parameters: parameters).responseData(completionHandler: { response in
        if let result = response.result.value {
            let decoder = JSONDecoder()
            let myResponse = try! decoder.decode(ResponseNewsFeed.self, from: result)
            completion(myResponse.response.items)

我得到一个错误：

致命错误：“尝试！”表达式意外引发错误： Swift.DecodingError.keyNotFound（_UL_PetrovLeonid.NewsItems）（编码键 在FA9A2FC8130449AA328C19ACD9506C2D）。附件中， Swift.DecodingError.Context（编码路径： [u UL_Leonid.responsenewfeed.（输入密码） A.Ful9A2FC81309AA328 C19ACD9506C2D）响应（FA9A2F2830309AA328 C19ACD9506C2D中的键密钥）项目（基础）：（Y.12768 CA107A31 EF2DCE034 FD75 B54 1C9）（StrugValue:“索引0”，InValue:Opple（0）），调试描述：“没有与密钥相关联的值” 附件（\'attachments\'”，underyingError:nil））

为什么会发生这种情况？我需要做些什么来解决它？从现在起我才开始编写代码三个月，所以如果我的问题看起来很愚蠢，请事先原谅我

---

谢谢。

错误信息非常清楚

。。。Swift.decoding错误。未找到键新闻项目。（在FA9A2FC8130449AA328C19ACD9506C2D中编码键）。附件没有与关键附件（“附件”）关联的值

• keyNotFound是否缺少密钥
• 新闻项。（编码键…）.attachments是

  新闻项中键
  附件的对象，它是
  附件的
  

• 没有与关键附件（“附件”）相关的值

简而言之：

attachments

中没有正确的键

attachments

看看你的JSON

      "attachments": [
            {
                "type": "photo",
                "photo": {

相当于

class Attachments: Decodable {
    let type : String
    let photo : AttachmentPhoto
}

而

AttachmentPhoto

应该是

class AttachmentPhoto: Decodable {

    private enum CodingKeys : String, CodingKey {
        case photo604 = "photo_604"
        case id
    }

    let id : Int
    let photo604 : String // or even URL
    // etc.
}

---

实际上，没有必要使用

类

es，在大多数情况下，一个

结构就足够了。
谢谢你，瓦迪安，你的答案解决了这个错误！对于像我这样的新来者来说，很容易忽视这些事情。