Mysql 在一行的其他值集中搜索一组值

您好，我在搜索用户（从用户表）的查询中遇到执行时间问题，这些用户至少有一个来自指定兴趣集的兴趣和一个来自指定位置集的位置。所以我有一个测试DB：

    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `interests` (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=10 ;

    --
    -- Dumping data for table `interests`
    --

    INSERT INTO `interests` (`id`, `name`) VALUES
    (1, 'auto'),
    (2, 'moto'),
    (3, 'health'),
    (4, 'garden'),
    (5, 'house'),
    (6, 'music'),
    (7, 'video'),
    (8, 'games'),
    (9, 'it');

    -- --------------------------------------------------------

    --
    -- Table structure for table `locations`
    --

    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `locations` (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=11 ;

    --
    -- Dumping data for table `locations`
    --

    INSERT INTO `locations` (`id`, `name`) VALUES
    (1, 'engalnd'),
    (2, 'austia'),
    (3, 'germany'),
    (4, 'france'),
    (5, 'belgium'),
    (6, 'italy'),
    (7, 'russia'),
    (8, 'poland'),
    (9, 'norway'),
    (10, 'romania');

    -- --------------------------------------------------------

    --
    -- Table structure for table `users`
    --

    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users` (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `email` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=11 ;

    --
    -- Dumping data for table `users`
    --

    INSERT INTO `users` (`id`, `email`) VALUES
    (1, 'email1@test.com'),
    (2, 'email2@test.com'),
    (3, 'email3@test.com'),
    (4, 'email4@test.com'),
    (5, 'email5@test.com'),
    (6, 'email6@test.com'),
    (7, 'email7@test.com'),
    (8, 'email8@test.com'),
    (9, 'email9@test.com'),
    (10, 'email10@test.com');

    -- --------------------------------------------------------

    --
    -- Table structure for table `users_interests`
    --

    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users_interests` (
      `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
      `interest_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`,`interest_id`)
    ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

    --
    -- Dumping data for table `users_interests`
    --

    INSERT INTO `users_interests` (`user_id`, `interest_id`) VALUES
    (1, 1),
    (1, 2),
    (2, 5),
    (2, 7),
    (2, 8),
    (3, 1),
    (4, 1),
    (4, 5),
    (4, 6),
    (4, 7),
    (4, 8),
    (5, 1),
    (5, 2),
    (5, 8),
    (6, 3),
    (6, 7),
    (6, 8),
    (7, 7),
    (7, 9),
    (8, 5);

    -- --------------------------------------------------------

    --
    -- Table structure for table `users_locations`
    --

    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users_locations` (
      `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
      `location_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`,`location_id`)
    ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

    --
    -- Dumping data for table `users_locations`
    --

    INSERT INTO `users_locations` (`user_id`, `location_id`) VALUES
    (2, 5),
    (2, 7),
    (2, 8),
    (3, 1),
    (4, 1),
    (4, 5),
    (4, 6),
    (4, 7),
    (4, 8),
    (5, 1),
    (5, 2),
    (5, 8),
    (6, 3),
    (6, 7),
    (6, 8),
    (7, 7),
    (7, 9),
    (8, 5);

有没有比这更好的查询方法：

SELECT email, 
GROUP_CONCAT( DISTINCT ui.interest_id ) AS interests, 
GROUP_CONCAT( DISTINCT ul.location_id ) AS locations
FROM `users` u
LEFT JOIN users_interests ui ON u.id = ui.user_id
LEFT JOIN users_locations ul ON u.id = ul.user_id
GROUP BY u.id
HAVING IF( interests IS NOT NULL , FIND_IN_SET( 2, interests )
OR FIND_IN_SET( 3, interests ) , 1 )
AND IF( locations IS NOT NULL , FIND_IN_SET( 2, locations )
OR FIND_IN_SET( 3, locations ) , 1 )

这是我找到的最好的解决方案，但在关系表（位置和兴趣）中的500k和1mil行上仍然很慢。特别是当您与一大组值进行匹配时（比方说超过50个位置和兴趣）

因此，我正在尝试实现此查询产生的结果，但要快一点：

email               interests        locations

email1@test.com     1,2             [BLOB - 0B]
email5@test.com     1,2,8           1,2,8
email6@test.com     3,7,8           3,7,8
email9@test.com     [BLOB - 0B]     [BLOB - 0B]
email10@test.com    [BLOB - 0B]     [BLOB - 0B]

我还尝试针对一个SELECT UNION表进行连接（针对匹配集），但速度更慢。像这样：

SELECT *
FROM `users` u
LEFT JOIN users_interests ui ON u.id = ui.user_id
LEFT JOIN users_locations ul ON u.id = ul.user_id

LEFT JOIN (SELECT 2 as interest UNION SELECT 3 as interest) as `is` ON ui.interest_id = is.interest
LEFT JOIN (SELECT 2 as location UNION SELECT 3 as location ) as `ls` ON ul.location_id = ls.location

WHERE IF(ui.user_id IS NOT NULL, `is`.interest IS NOT NULL,1) AND
 IF(ul.user_id IS NOT NULL, ls.location IS NOT NULL,1) 

GROUP BY u.id

我用它来做一个基本的瞄准系统。

---

如果有任何建议，我将不胜感激！谢谢大家!

您拥有的

IS

是mysql的保留字

另外，您的

分组依据

可以减慢查询速度，但我看不出在这里使用

分组依据u.id

有任何意义，因为

u.id

已经是

唯一id

试着在它周围使用反勾号

 SELECT *
 FROM `users` u
 LEFT JOIN users_interests ui ON u.id = ui.user_id
 LEFT JOIN users_locations ul ON u.id = ul.user_id

 LEFT JOIN (SELECT 2 as interest UNION SELECT 3 as interest) as `is` 
     ON ui.interest_id = `is`.interest
 LEFT JOIN (SELECT 2 as location UNION SELECT 3 as location ) as `ls` 
     ON ul.location_id = `ls`.location


WHERE IF(ui.user_id IS NOT NULL, `is`.interest IS NOT NULL,1) 
 AND
 IF(ul.user_id IS NOT NULL, `ls`.location IS NOT NULL,1)