Oracle外部表日期错误

在使用外部表将数据加载到Oracle 11g R2时，我遇到以下错误

error processing column DATE_M in row 1 for datafile C:\app\S\admin\orcl\dpdump\TABLE_EXT.txt
ORA-01847: day of month must be between 1 and last day of month
error processing column DATE_M in row 2 for datafile C:\app\S\admin\orcl\dpdump\TABLE_EXT.txt
ORA-01843: not a valid month
error processing column DATE_M in row 3 for datafile C:\app\S\admin\orcl\dpdump\TABLE_EXT.txt
ORA-01843: not a valid month
error processing column DATE_M in row 4 for datafile C:\app\S\admin\orcl\dpdump\TABLE_EXT.txt
ORA-01847: day of month must be between 1 and last day of month
error processing column DATE_M in row 5 for datafile C:\app\S\admin\orcl\dpdump\TABLE_EXT.txt
ORA-01843: not a valid month
error processing column DATE_M in row 6 for datafile C:\app\S\admin\orcl\dpdump\TABLE_EXT.txt
ORA-01843: not a valid month
error processing column DATE_M in row 7 for datafile C:\app\S\admin\orcl\dpdump\TABLE_EXT.txt
ORA-01843: not a valid month
error processing column DATE_M in row 8 for datafile C:\app\S\admin\orcl\dpdump\TABLE_EXT.txt
ORA-01843: not a valid month
error processing column DATE_M in row 9 for datafile C:\app\S\admin\orcl\dpdump\TABLE_EXT.txt
ORA-01843: not a valid month
error processing column DATE_M in row 10 for datafile C:\app\S\admin\orcl\dpdump\TABLE_EXT.txt
ORA-01843: not a valid month

外部表创建：

CREATE TABLE TABLE_EXT
( "COMPANY" VARCHAR2(101), 
"COMPANY_VN" VARCHAR2(15), 
"IL" VARCHAR2(17), 
"TERMINAL" VARCHAR2(8), 
"T_NO" VARCHAR2(15), 
"NAME" VARCHAR2(108), 
"SNAME" VARCHAR2(50), 
"REF_NO" VARCHAR2(23), 
"AMOUNT" NUMBER(15,2), 
"DATE_M" DATE, 
"TIME" VARCHAR2(11), 
"TEL_NO" VARCHAR2(25), 
"ADDRESS" VARCHAR2(50)
) 
ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL (
TYPE ORACLE_LOADER
DEFAULT DIRECTORY data_pump_dir
ACCESS PARAMETERS (
RECORDS DELIMITED BY NEWLINE
FIELDS TERMINATED BY '|'
MISSING FIELD VALUES ARE NULL
(
COMPANY,
COMPANY_VN,
IL,
TERMINAL,
T_NO,
NAME,
SNAME,
REF_NO,
AMOUNT decimal ,
DATE_M CHAR date_format DATE mask "dd.mm.yyyy" ,
TIME,
TEL_NO,
ADDRESS
)
)
LOCATION ('TABLE_EXT.txt')
)

REJECT LIMIT 10

CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614860|47746244218|JOHN|WHITE|172871|420,12|21.08.2011|14:26|0806422627784|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614847|14274017676|BRAD|BROWN|448127|810,00|22.08.2011|11:04|0806427488476|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614842|16218778886|PETER|BALSON|862626|12,00|24.08.2011|14:16|0806062177008|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614846|14607666866|GEORGE|LOUIS|688811|40,10|24.08.2011|08:48|0806424172468|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614846|14607666866|GEORGE|LOUIS|460481|42,64|24.08.2011|08:47|0806424172468|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614860|18460662462|JR|TEPE|404622|44,16|22.04.2011|20:08|0806446446866|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614840|47207688618|BARRY|HRAN|402886|42,40|27.08.2011|11:12|0806478768007|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614847|42161048612|TOM|HIGGS|148640|12,00|06.06.2011|08:18|0806068076700|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614846|42161048612|TOM|HIGGS|208847|12,00|06.06.2011|08:46|0806068076700|06

样本数据：

CREATE TABLE TABLE_EXT
( "COMPANY" VARCHAR2(101), 
"COMPANY_VN" VARCHAR2(15), 
"IL" VARCHAR2(17), 
"TERMINAL" VARCHAR2(8), 
"T_NO" VARCHAR2(15), 
"NAME" VARCHAR2(108), 
"SNAME" VARCHAR2(50), 
"REF_NO" VARCHAR2(23), 
"AMOUNT" NUMBER(15,2), 
"DATE_M" DATE, 
"TIME" VARCHAR2(11), 
"TEL_NO" VARCHAR2(25), 
"ADDRESS" VARCHAR2(50)
) 
ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL (
TYPE ORACLE_LOADER
DEFAULT DIRECTORY data_pump_dir
ACCESS PARAMETERS (
RECORDS DELIMITED BY NEWLINE
FIELDS TERMINATED BY '|'
MISSING FIELD VALUES ARE NULL
(
COMPANY,
COMPANY_VN,
IL,
TERMINAL,
T_NO,
NAME,
SNAME,
REF_NO,
AMOUNT decimal ,
DATE_M CHAR date_format DATE mask "dd.mm.yyyy" ,
TIME,
TEL_NO,
ADDRESS
)
)
LOCATION ('TABLE_EXT.txt')
)

REJECT LIMIT 10

CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614860|47746244218|JOHN|WHITE|172871|420,12|21.08.2011|14:26|0806422627784|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614847|14274017676|BRAD|BROWN|448127|810,00|22.08.2011|11:04|0806427488476|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614842|16218778886|PETER|BALSON|862626|12,00|24.08.2011|14:16|0806062177008|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614846|14607666866|GEORGE|LOUIS|688811|40,10|24.08.2011|08:48|0806424172468|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614846|14607666866|GEORGE|LOUIS|460481|42,64|24.08.2011|08:47|0806424172468|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614860|18460662462|JR|TEPE|404622|44,16|22.04.2011|20:08|0806446446866|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614840|47207688618|BARRY|HRAN|402886|42,40|27.08.2011|11:12|0806478768007|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614847|42161048612|TOM|HIGGS|148640|12,00|06.06.2011|08:18|0806068076700|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614846|42161048612|TOM|HIGGS|208847|12,00|06.06.2011|08:46|0806068076700|06

注: 我尝试了以下方法，但无效：

DATE\u M DATE“dd.mm.yyyy”

---

日期\u M字符日期\u格式日期掩码“DD/MM/RRRR”

首先，您需要在单引号内指定日期格式掩码，而不是双引号内

其次，这相当令人困惑，您为“金额”列指定的格式不正确。当您说数据是“十进制”时，实际上是在输入文件中指定二进制格式。您应该在access参数中为字段定义指定字符，并让Oracle将字段转换为数字。我很少（如果有的话）使用除CHAR以外的任何格式来描述SQL*Loader或外部表中的输入数据。但是，也就是说，您被困在这里了，因为我认为您不能在外部表定义中指定十进制字符（'，'）。只能通过NLS实例参数进行更改

以下是我所做的（注意：10g数据库）以使您的示例正常工作：

CREATE TABLE TABLE_EXT ( "COMPANY" VARCHAR2(101)
                      ,  "COMPANY_VN" VARCHAR2(15)
                      ,  "IL" VARCHAR2(17)
                      ,  "TERMINAL" VARCHAR2(8)
                      ,  "T_NO" VARCHAR2(15)
                      ,  "NAME" VARCHAR2(108)
                      ,  "SNAME" VARCHAR2(50)
                      ,  "REF_NO" VARCHAR2(23)
                      ,  "AMOUNT" NUMBER(15,2)
                      ,  "DATE_M" DATE
                      ,  "TIME_M" VARCHAR2(11)
                      ,  "TEL_NO" VARCHAR2(25)
                      ,  "ADDRESS" VARCHAR2(50) )
        ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL 
          ( TYPE ORACLE_LOADER 
            DEFAULT DIRECTORY external_tables 
            ACCESS PARAMETERS 
               ( RECORDS DELIMITED BY NEWLINE 
                  FIELDS TERMINATED BY '|' 
                  MISSING FIELD VALUES ARE NULL 
                 ( COMPANY
                 , COMPANY_VN
                 , IL
                 , TERMINAL
                 , T_NO
                 , NAME
                 , SNAME
                 , REF_NO
                 , AMOUNT 
                 , DATE_M CHAR date_format DATE mask 'dd.mm.yyyy'
                 , TIME_M
                 , TEL_NO
                 , ADDRESS ) ) 
            LOCATION ('TABLE_EXT.txt') )  
            REJECT LIMIT 10 ;

我稍微修改了数据，将数据中的十进制字符改为“.”：

CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614860|47746244218|JOHN|WHITE|172871|420.12|21.08.2011|14:26|0806422627784|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614847|14274017676|BRAD|BROWN|448127|810.00|22.08.2011|11:04|0806427488476|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614842|16218778886|PETER|BALSON|862626|12.00|24.08.2011|14:16|0806062177008|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614846|14607666866|GEORGE|LOUIS|688811|40.10|24.08.2011|08:48|0806424172468|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614846|14607666866|GEORGE|LOUIS|460481|42.64|24.08.2011|08:47|0806424172468|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614860|18460662462|JR|TEPE|404622|44,16|22.04.2011|20:08|0806446446866|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614840|47207688618|BARRY|HRAN|402886|42.40|27.08.2011|11:12|0806478768007|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614847|42161048612|TOM|HIGGS|148640|12.00|06.06.2011|08:18|0806068076700|06
CITY HOSPITAL|04680072124|CITY|00614846|42161048612|TOM|HIGGS|208847|12.00|06.06.2011|08:46|0806068076700|06

这对我有用

---

总之，我认为您需要（1）修改数据，（2）修改实例NLS参数以更改十进制字符，或（3）将数据加载为字符，并在外部表顶部的视图中使用to_NUMBER函数

我已经按照您的建议修改了数据并用句号替换了逗号，结果是成功的。非常感谢。我的实例NLS参数是：

NLS\u数字字符我的数据库NLS参数是
NLS\u数字字符。，
我如何在不修改数据的情况下加载此数据，我指的是带有逗号作为小数分隔符的数字？好的。外部表在数据库级别使用NLS参数，这就是问题所在。正如您所建议的，最好将数字加载为varchar2，然后将其转换为数字。非常感谢。这里的文档在示例中显示了双引号。此外，我还成功地在外部表中使用了单引号和双引号。ORACLE_加载程序访问驱动程序：