Powershell 佩斯特怎么能嘲弄这句话；测试“；“模式中的功能”；测试存在性（未找到）-创建-再次测试以确认创建“；？

下面是一些显示要测试的函数的伪代码：

function Set-Something
{
    if (Test-Something)
    {
        return $True
    }

    # Not found so do something to create it.
    Do-Something

    # Check it's been created successfully.
    if (Test-Something)
    {
        return $True
    }

    return $False
}

这必须是一个相当常见的模式：“测试是否存在-如果找不到创建-再次测试以验证创建”。测试大多数分支非常简单，但是如果在第一次调用某个分支时测试失败，然后在第二次调用时测试成功，那么如何测试该分支呢

这是我目前为止的测试代码：

Describe 'Set-Something' {

    Context 'already exists' {
        Mock Test-Something { return $True }
        Mock Do-Something

        It 'returns True' {
            { Set-Something } | Should -Be $True
        }

        It 'does not call Do-Something' {
            Set-Something
            Assert-MockCalled Do-Something -Times 0 -Exactly
        }
    }

    Context 'does not already exist and creation fails' {
        Mock Test-Something { return $False }
        Mock Do-Something

        It 'calls Do-Something' {
            Set-Something
            Assert-MockCalled Do-Something -Times 1 -Exactly
        }

        It 'calls Test-Something twice' {
            Set-Something
            Assert-MockCalled Test-Something -Times 2 -Exactly
        }

        It 'returns False' {
            { Set-Something } | Should -Be $False
        }
    }

    Context 'does not already exist and creation succeeds' {
        Mock Test-Something { ?? }
        Mock Do-Something

        It 'calls Do-Something' {
            Set-Something
            Assert-MockCalled Do-Something -Times 1 -Exactly
        }

        It 'calls Test-Something twice' {
            Set-Something
            Assert-MockCalled Test-Something -Times 2 -Exactly
        }

        It 'returns True' {
            { Set-Something } | Should -Be $True
        }
    }
}

---

问题在于案例“不存在且创建成功”。测试某些东西需要被模拟，这样它第一次调用失败，第二次调用成功。每个调用中传递给测试对象的参数都是相同的，因此我不能使用ParameterFilter创建两个行为不同的测试对象模拟。

我找到了两种模拟方法：

1）使用“静态”（即脚本范围）变量记录状态

Context 'does not already exist and creation succeeds' {

    BeforeEach {
        $script:exists = $False
    }

    AfterAll {
        Remove-Variable exists -Scope Script
    }

    Mock Test-Something { 
        return $script:exists
    }

    Mock Do-Something {
        $script:exists = $True
    }

    It 'calls Do-Something' {
        Set-Something
        Assert-MockCalled Do-Something -Times 1 -Exactly
    }

    It 'calls Test-Something twice' {
        Set-Something
        Assert-MockCalled Test-Something -Times 2 -Exactly
    }

    It 'returns True' {
        { Set-Something } | Should -Be $True
    }
}

Context 'does not already exist and creation succeeds' {

    BeforeEach {
        $mockState = @{
                        ItExists = $False    
                    }
    }

    Mock Test-Something { 
        return $mockState.ItExists
    }

    Mock Do-Something {
        $mockState.ItExists = $True
    }

    It 'calls Do-Something' {
        Set-Something
        Assert-MockCalled Do-Something -Times 1 -Exactly
    }

    It 'calls Test-Something twice' {
        Set-Something
        Assert-MockCalled Test-Something -Times 2 -Exactly
    }

    It 'returns True' {
        { Set-Something } | Should -Be $True
    }
}   

2）使用哈希表记录状态

Context 'does not already exist and creation succeeds' {

    BeforeEach {
        $script:exists = $False
    }

    AfterAll {
        Remove-Variable exists -Scope Script
    }

    Mock Test-Something { 
        return $script:exists
    }

    Mock Do-Something {
        $script:exists = $True
    }

    It 'calls Do-Something' {
        Set-Something
        Assert-MockCalled Do-Something -Times 1 -Exactly
    }

    It 'calls Test-Something twice' {
        Set-Something
        Assert-MockCalled Test-Something -Times 2 -Exactly
    }

    It 'returns True' {
        { Set-Something } | Should -Be $True
    }
}

Context 'does not already exist and creation succeeds' {

    BeforeEach {
        $mockState = @{
                        ItExists = $False    
                    }
    }

    Mock Test-Something { 
        return $mockState.ItExists
    }

    Mock Do-Something {
        $mockState.ItExists = $True
    }

    It 'calls Do-Something' {
        Set-Something
        Assert-MockCalled Do-Something -Times 1 -Exactly
    }

    It 'calls Test-Something twice' {
        Set-Something
        Assert-MockCalled Test-Something -Times 2 -Exactly
    }

    It 'returns True' {
        { Set-Something } | Should -Be $True
    }
}   

就个人而言，我喜欢哈希表，因为

$mockState比
$script:…
更能说明变量的用途。此外，如果测试曾经被并行化，并且另一个descripe块修改了相同的变量，那么脚本范围的变量可能会导致竞争条件