Python使用lxml向XML添加标记

我有以下输入XML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Scenario xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="Scenario.xsd">
  <TestCase>test_startup_0029</TestCase>
  <ShortDescription>Restart of the EVC with missing ODO5 board.</ShortDescription>
  <Events>
    <Event Num="1">Switch on the EVC</Event>
  </Events>
  <HW-configuration>
    <ELBE5A>true</ELBE5A>
    <ELBE5K>false</ELBE5K>
  </HW-configuration>
  <SystemFailure>true</SystemFailure>
</Scenario>

---

我的问题是如何以正确的格式将新标记添加到XML中。我想它的工作方式是再次解析更改后的XML，但它的格式不好。有什么想法吗？提前感谢。

为确保打印输出美观，您需要做两件事：

使用带有

remove\u blank\u text=True的对象解析输入文件

使用

pretty\u print=True写入输出

例如：

from lxml import etree

parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text=True)
tree = etree.parse("Test_startup_0029.xml", parser)
root = tree.getroot()

duration_tag = etree.SubElement(root, "Duration")
duration_tag.text = "12"

sw_version_tag = etree.SubElement(root, "EVC-SW-Version")
sw_version_tag.text = "08.02.0001.0027"

stac_release_tag = etree.SubElement(root, "STAC-Release")
stac_release_tag.text = "08.02.0001.0027"

tree.write("output.xml", pretty_print=True)

output.xml的内容：

<Scenario xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="Scenario.xsd">
  <TestCase>test_startup_0029</TestCase>
  <ShortDescription>Restart of the EVC with missing ODO5 board.</ShortDescription>
  <Events>
    <Event Num="1">Switch on the EVC</Event>
  </Events>
  <HW-configuration>
    <ELBE5A>true</ELBE5A>
    <ELBE5K>false</ELBE5K>
  </HW-configuration>
  <SystemFailure>true</SystemFailure>
  <Duration>12</Duration>
  <EVC-SW-Version>08.02.0001.0027</EVC-SW-Version>
  <STAC-Release>08.02.0001.0027</STAC-Release>
</Scenario>

测试\u启动\u 0029
在缺少ODO5板的情况下重新启动EVC。
打开EVC
真的
假的
真的
12
08.02.0001.0027
08.02.0001.0027

---

另请参见。

所需的输出是什么，或者您所说的正确格式是什么意思？你是指换行和缩进吗？谢谢，效果很好。我一直在寻找类似的东西。

from lxml import etree

parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text=True)
tree = etree.parse("Test_startup_0029.xml", parser)
root = tree.getroot()

duration_tag = etree.SubElement(root, "Duration")
duration_tag.text = "12"

sw_version_tag = etree.SubElement(root, "EVC-SW-Version")
sw_version_tag.text = "08.02.0001.0027"

stac_release_tag = etree.SubElement(root, "STAC-Release")
stac_release_tag.text = "08.02.0001.0027"

tree.write("output.xml", pretty_print=True)

<Scenario xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="Scenario.xsd">
  <TestCase>test_startup_0029</TestCase>
  <ShortDescription>Restart of the EVC with missing ODO5 board.</ShortDescription>
  <Events>
    <Event Num="1">Switch on the EVC</Event>
  </Events>
  <HW-configuration>
    <ELBE5A>true</ELBE5A>
    <ELBE5K>false</ELBE5K>
  </HW-configuration>
  <SystemFailure>true</SystemFailure>
  <Duration>12</Duration>
  <EVC-SW-Version>08.02.0001.0027</EVC-SW-Version>
  <STAC-Release>08.02.0001.0027</STAC-Release>
</Scenario>