Spring 无法将@Service bean注入QuartzJobBean

我在将@Service bean注入QuartzJobBean时遇到问题。使用来自的提示，我能够注入@Repository bean，但不能注入@Service bean。以下是我所拥有的：

访问MongoDB文档的存储库bean：

public interface MyRepository extends MongoRepository<> {}

我能够从SpringMVC控制器使用MyService，所以我知道Spring正确地实例化了它们

接下来，我创建了一个从QuartzJobBean扩展而来的作业，并尝试将MyService注入其中：

    <bean name="myJob" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean">
        <property name="jobClass" value="com.MyJob" />  
    </bean>
    <bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
       [jobDetails and triggers omitted]
       <property name="schedulerContextAsMap">
        <map>
           <entry key="myService">
                <ref bean="myService"/>
           </entry>

        </map>
    </property>
    </bean>

root-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsd">

<!-- Root Context: defines shared resources visible to all other web components -->
<!-- Factory bean that creates the Mongo instance -->
<bean id="mongo" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoFactoryBean">
    <property name="host" value="localhost" />
</bean>

<!-- MongoTemplate for connecting and quering the documents in the database -->
<bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
    <constructor-arg name="mongo" ref="mongo" />
    <constructor-arg name="databaseName" value="test" />
</bean>

<!-- Use this post processor to translate any MongoExceptions thrown in @Repository annotated classes -->
<bean class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />

<mongo:repositories base-package="com.repositories" />

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd">

<!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure -->

<!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
<annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService">
    <argument-resolvers>
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mvc.data.CustomArgumentResolver"/>           
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.data.web.PageableArgumentResolver" />
    </argument-resolvers>
</annotation-driven>

<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources/ directory -->
<resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

<!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
<beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
    <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</beans:bean>

<!-- Only needed because we install custom converters to support the examples in the org.springframewok.samples.mvc.convert package -->
<beans:bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
    <beans:property name="formatters">
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mvc.convert.MaskFormatAnnotationFormatterFactory" />
    </beans:property>
</beans:bean>

<!-- Only needed because we require fileupload in the org.springframework.samples.mvc.fileupload package -->
<beans:bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" />

<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com" />
</beans:beans>

<context:component-scan base-package="package">
    <context:exclude-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation"/>
</context:component-scan>

<context:component-scan base-package="package" use-default-filters="false">
    <context:include-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation" />
</context:component-scan>

servlet-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsd">

<!-- Root Context: defines shared resources visible to all other web components -->
<!-- Factory bean that creates the Mongo instance -->
<bean id="mongo" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoFactoryBean">
    <property name="host" value="localhost" />
</bean>

<!-- MongoTemplate for connecting and quering the documents in the database -->
<bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
    <constructor-arg name="mongo" ref="mongo" />
    <constructor-arg name="databaseName" value="test" />
</bean>

<!-- Use this post processor to translate any MongoExceptions thrown in @Repository annotated classes -->
<bean class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />

<mongo:repositories base-package="com.repositories" />

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd">

<!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure -->

<!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
<annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService">
    <argument-resolvers>
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mvc.data.CustomArgumentResolver"/>           
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.data.web.PageableArgumentResolver" />
    </argument-resolvers>
</annotation-driven>

<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources/ directory -->
<resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

<!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
<beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
    <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</beans:bean>

<!-- Only needed because we install custom converters to support the examples in the org.springframewok.samples.mvc.convert package -->
<beans:bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
    <beans:property name="formatters">
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mvc.convert.MaskFormatAnnotationFormatterFactory" />
    </beans:property>
</beans:bean>

<!-- Only needed because we require fileupload in the org.springframework.samples.mvc.fileupload package -->
<beans:bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" />

<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com" />
</beans:beans>

<context:component-scan base-package="package">
    <context:exclude-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation"/>
</context:component-scan>

<context:component-scan base-package="package" use-default-filters="false">
    <context:include-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation" />
</context:component-scan>

---

根据您对问题的评论，您似乎已经解决了问题。但是，以防万一：

根本的原始问题是，您只在servlet上下文中配置了组件扫描。因此，只有当servlet上下文初始化时，才会处理MyService注释。当ContextLoaderListener为根上下文处理spring-quartz.xml时，它还不可用

如果您正在为服务等使用注释，那么您可能希望在root-context.xml中启用组件扫描，但要过滤掉servlet上下文中的组件扫描将拾取的任何内容，例如控制器，这样您就不会得到重复的初始化

如果您的服务和web代码共享公共包名称，那么一种常见模式是使用过滤器，组件扫描根上下文中除控制器之外的所有内容，然后使用如下方式仅扫描servet上下文中的控制器（和servlet）：

root-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsd">

<!-- Root Context: defines shared resources visible to all other web components -->
<!-- Factory bean that creates the Mongo instance -->
<bean id="mongo" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoFactoryBean">
    <property name="host" value="localhost" />
</bean>

<!-- MongoTemplate for connecting and quering the documents in the database -->
<bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
    <constructor-arg name="mongo" ref="mongo" />
    <constructor-arg name="databaseName" value="test" />
</bean>

<!-- Use this post processor to translate any MongoExceptions thrown in @Repository annotated classes -->
<bean class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />

<mongo:repositories base-package="com.repositories" />

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd">

<!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure -->

<!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
<annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService">
    <argument-resolvers>
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mvc.data.CustomArgumentResolver"/>           
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.data.web.PageableArgumentResolver" />
    </argument-resolvers>
</annotation-driven>

<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources/ directory -->
<resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

<!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
<beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
    <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</beans:bean>

<!-- Only needed because we install custom converters to support the examples in the org.springframewok.samples.mvc.convert package -->
<beans:bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
    <beans:property name="formatters">
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mvc.convert.MaskFormatAnnotationFormatterFactory" />
    </beans:property>
</beans:bean>

<!-- Only needed because we require fileupload in the org.springframework.samples.mvc.fileupload package -->
<beans:bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" />

<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com" />
</beans:beans>

<context:component-scan base-package="package">
    <context:exclude-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation"/>
</context:component-scan>

<context:component-scan base-package="package" use-default-filters="false">
    <context:include-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation" />
</context:component-scan>

servlet-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsd">

<!-- Root Context: defines shared resources visible to all other web components -->
<!-- Factory bean that creates the Mongo instance -->
<bean id="mongo" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoFactoryBean">
    <property name="host" value="localhost" />
</bean>

<!-- MongoTemplate for connecting and quering the documents in the database -->
<bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
    <constructor-arg name="mongo" ref="mongo" />
    <constructor-arg name="databaseName" value="test" />
</bean>

<!-- Use this post processor to translate any MongoExceptions thrown in @Repository annotated classes -->
<bean class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />

<mongo:repositories base-package="com.repositories" />

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd">

<!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure -->

<!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
<annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService">
    <argument-resolvers>
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mvc.data.CustomArgumentResolver"/>           
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.data.web.PageableArgumentResolver" />
    </argument-resolvers>
</annotation-driven>

<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources/ directory -->
<resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

<!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
<beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
    <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</beans:bean>

<!-- Only needed because we install custom converters to support the examples in the org.springframewok.samples.mvc.convert package -->
<beans:bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
    <beans:property name="formatters">
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mvc.convert.MaskFormatAnnotationFormatterFactory" />
    </beans:property>
</beans:bean>

<!-- Only needed because we require fileupload in the org.springframework.samples.mvc.fileupload package -->
<beans:bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" />

<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com" />
</beans:beans>

<context:component-scan base-package="package">
    <context:exclude-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation"/>
</context:component-scan>

<context:component-scan base-package="package" use-default-filters="false">
    <context:include-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation" />
</context:component-scan>

当然，还有很多其他选择。有关更多信息：

---

如何以及何时初始化应用程序上下文？根据您的问题，最有可能的调度程序是在实例化服务的上下文之前的上下文中实例化的。编辑您的问题，以提供有关如何初始化上下文的详细信息。您是对的。我移动了spring-quartz.xml文件，现在schedulerFactory能够看到服务引用。谢谢