Sql server SQL嵌套联接问题

我花了很长时间才让我的查询正常工作。我有3个表（ORDERS、ORDERSITEMS、ORDERPAYMENTS），我正试图为每月到期销售税创建一个报告，如下所示：

MONTH      YEAR        TOTAL RECEIPTS        EXEMPT RECEIPTS     NON-EXEMPT RECEIPTS        SALES TAX
1           2020        $5,000                $4,500                $500                      $31.25

SELECT StateAbbr,PaymentMonth,PaymentYear,SUM(TotalPayments),SUM(sales_tax),SUM(OrdersItems_Total)
FROM (
    Select
        a.stateTaxAbbreviation AS StateAbbr,
        MONTH(c.OrderPayments_Date) AS PaymentMonth,
        YEAR(c.OrderPayments_Date) AS PaymentYear,
        SUM(c.OrderPayments_Amount) AS TotalPayments,
        SUM(a.Order_SalesTax) AS sales_tax,
        0 as OrdersItems_Total
    FROM dbo.ORDERS a
       INNER JOIN ORDERPAYMENTS as c ON c.Order_FK = a.Order_ID
     WHERE a.stateTaxAbbreviation = 'MA' AND Month(c.OrderPayments_Date) = 1 AND YEAR(c.OrderPayments_Date) = 2020
     GROUP BY stateTaxAbbreviation , MONTH(c.OrderPayments_Date), Year(c.OrderPayments_Date)

     UNION ALL


     Select
        a.stateTaxAbbreviation AS StateAbbr,
        MONTH(c.OrderPayments_Date) AS PaymentMonth,
        YEAR(c.OrderPayments_Date) AS PaymentYear,
        0 AS TotalPayments,
        0 AS sales_tax,
        SUM(B.OrdersItems_Total) as OrdersItems_Total

    FROM dbo.ORDERS a
     INNER JOIN ORDERITEMS b on b.Order_FK = a.Order_ID 
     WHERE a.stateTaxAbbreviation = 'MA' AND Month(b.OrderPayments_Date) = 1 AND YEAR(b.OrderPayments_Date) = 2020
     GROUP BY stateTaxAbbreviation , MONTH(c.OrderPayments_Date), Year(c.OrderPayments_Date)
 )t
GROUP BY StateAbbr,PaymentMonth,PaymentYear

总收入：要获得此数字，您必须将给定时间范围内的所有C.OrderPayments\u金额相加，在这种情况下，月（C.OrderPayments\u日期）=1年（C.OrderPayments\u日期）=2020年

免税收据：您必须确定某个项目是否应纳税（例如，数字文件不应纳税，实物打印应纳税）。要获取此信息，您必须通过检查B.OrdersItems\u itemschargeSalestax来确定该项目是否应纳税。如果此字段为0，则不收取销售税；如果为1，则收取销售税。然后，您必须通过按B.ORDERSITEMS\u ItemChargeSalesTax=0的C.OrderPayments\u Date列进行分组进行筛选，以仅获取2020年1月时间范围内的ORDERSITEMS，最后将B.ORDERSITEMS\u总计添加到一起

非免税收据：要获取此数字，您需要对上述免税收据执行相同的操作，只需查找B.OrdersItems\u ItemChargeSalesTax=1并将B.OrdersItems\u总数相加

销售税：要获取此数字，请使用与月份（C.OrderPayments\u date）=1和年份（C.OrderPayments\u date）=2020之前相同的日期过滤器，然后将A.Order\u SalesTax列相加

我列出的第一个查询是working fine，它可以为我提供当月支付的总税款和总收入（现在我已经硬编码了WHERE语句，但这将通过我列表页面上的过滤器应用）。我 需要从ORDERSITEMS表中获取一个名为ORDERSITEMS_ItemTotal的字段，并对该字段求和，使其成为查询中的单行条目。我见过另一个人做嵌套联接。如有任何建议，将不胜感激

**ORDERS TABLE "A"**
  Order_ID, 
  Order_SalesTax,
  stateTaxAbbreviation

**ORDERSITEMS TABLE "B"**
  Order_FK,
  OrdersItems_ItemChargeSalesTax,
  OrdersItems_Total

注意：在ORDERSITEMS表中，单个订单可能会出现多次，因为一个订单上可能有许多项目

**ORDERPAYMENTS TABLE "C"**
  Order_FK,
  OrderPayments_PaymentDate,
  OrderPayments_Amount

注意：在ORDERPAYMENTS表中，一个订单可能会出现多次，因为一个订单上可能有多个付款

**ORDERPAYMENTS TABLE "C"**
  Order_FK,
  OrderPayments_PaymentDate,
  OrderPayments_Amount

虽然写出来似乎很容易，但当我试图把所有的数字放在一起时，数字是错误的，因为它会多次添加条目，因为订单上有多个项目，因此每次都会添加总付款

这是我一直在修补的代码，我非常感谢您的指导。提前谢谢你，希望我已经足够清楚地解释了我的情况

Select
    a.stateTaxAbbreviation AS StateAbbr,
    MONTH(c.OrderPayments_Date) AS PaymentMonth,
    YEAR(c.OrderPayments_Date) AS PaymentYear,
    SUM(c.OrderPayments_Amount) AS TotalPayments,
    SUM(a.Order_SalesTax) AS sales_tax
FROM dbo.ORDERS a
   INNER JOIN ORDERPAYMENTS as c ON c.Order_FK = a.Order_ID
      LEFT OUTER JOIN ORDERITEMS b on b.Order_FK = a.Order_ID 
  WHERE a.stateTaxAbbreviation = 'MA' AND Month(b.OrderPayments_Date) = 1 AND YEAR(b.OrderPayments_Date) = 2020
  GROUP BY stateTaxAbbreviation , MONTH(c.OrderPayments_Date), Year(c.OrderPayments_Date)

---

您可能应该编写两个查询，一个用于加入ORDERPAYMENTS表，另一个用于加入ORDERITEMS表。然后你可以把它们和所有的联合起来

大概是这样的：

MONTH      YEAR        TOTAL RECEIPTS        EXEMPT RECEIPTS     NON-EXEMPT RECEIPTS        SALES TAX
1           2020        $5,000                $4,500                $500                      $31.25

SELECT StateAbbr,PaymentMonth,PaymentYear,SUM(TotalPayments),SUM(sales_tax),SUM(OrdersItems_Total)
FROM (
    Select
        a.stateTaxAbbreviation AS StateAbbr,
        MONTH(c.OrderPayments_Date) AS PaymentMonth,
        YEAR(c.OrderPayments_Date) AS PaymentYear,
        SUM(c.OrderPayments_Amount) AS TotalPayments,
        SUM(a.Order_SalesTax) AS sales_tax,
        0 as OrdersItems_Total
    FROM dbo.ORDERS a
       INNER JOIN ORDERPAYMENTS as c ON c.Order_FK = a.Order_ID
     WHERE a.stateTaxAbbreviation = 'MA' AND Month(c.OrderPayments_Date) = 1 AND YEAR(c.OrderPayments_Date) = 2020
     GROUP BY stateTaxAbbreviation , MONTH(c.OrderPayments_Date), Year(c.OrderPayments_Date)

     UNION ALL


     Select
        a.stateTaxAbbreviation AS StateAbbr,
        MONTH(c.OrderPayments_Date) AS PaymentMonth,
        YEAR(c.OrderPayments_Date) AS PaymentYear,
        0 AS TotalPayments,
        0 AS sales_tax,
        SUM(B.OrdersItems_Total) as OrdersItems_Total

    FROM dbo.ORDERS a
     INNER JOIN ORDERITEMS b on b.Order_FK = a.Order_ID 
     WHERE a.stateTaxAbbreviation = 'MA' AND Month(b.OrderPayments_Date) = 1 AND YEAR(b.OrderPayments_Date) = 2020
     GROUP BY stateTaxAbbreviation , MONTH(c.OrderPayments_Date), Year(c.OrderPayments_Date)
 )t
GROUP BY StateAbbr,PaymentMonth,PaymentYear

---

感谢沃特为我指明了正确的方向。在看了他的建议后，我回去评估了我需要什么，并根据他的想法创建了有效的解决方案。谢谢你的耐心，你的洞察力帮了大忙

    Select StateAbbr, OrderYear, OrderMonth, SUM(TotalSales) As TotalSales, SUM(TotalSales)-SUM(TaxableRevenue) As ExemptRevenue, SUM(TaxableRevenue) As TaxableRevenue, SUM(SalesTax) As SalesTax
 FROM (
 Select
        /*Get Total Sales and Total Sales Tax Collected*/
        a.stateTaxAbbreviation AS StateAbbr,
        MONTH(a.Order_Date) As OrderMonth,
        YEAR(a.Order_Date) As OrderYear,
        SUM((a.Order_TotalBaseSale + a.Order_Shipping) - (((a.Order_PercentDiscount*a.Order_TotalBaseSale)/100) + a.Order_DollarDiscount)) As TotalSales,
        SUM(0) As ExemptRevenue,
        Sum(0) As TaxableRevenue,
        SUM(a.Order_SalesTax) AS SalesTax

 FROM dbo.ORDERS a
    WHERE a.Order_Status != 'Cancelled'
    Group By a.stateTaxAbbreviation, MONTH(a.Order_Date), YEAR(a.Order_Date)

    UNION ALL

Select
    /*GET EXEMPT ORDERS*/
    a.stateTaxAbbreviation AS StateAbbr,
    MONTH(a.Order_Date) As OrderMonth,
    YEAR(a.Order_Date) As OrderYear,
    Sum(0) As TotalSales,
    Sum(OrdersItems_ItemTotal) AS ExemptRevenue,
    Sum(0) AS TaxableRevenue,
    Sum(0) As SalesTax

FROM ORDERSITEMS b
LEFT JOIN ORDERS a ON Order_ID = b.Order_FK
    WHERE b.OrdersItems_ItemChargeSalesTax = 0 and a.Order_Status != 'Cancelled'
    Group By a.stateTaxAbbreviation, MONTH(a.Order_Date), YEAR(a.Order_Date)

    UNION ALL
Select
    /*GET NON-EXEMPT ORDERS*/
    a.stateTaxAbbreviation AS StateAbbr,
    MONTH(a.Order_Date) As OrderMonth,
    YEAR(a.Order_Date) As OrderYear,
    SUM(0) As TotalSales,
    SUM(0) AS ExemptRevenue,
    Sum(OrdersItems_ItemTotal) AS TaxableRevenue,
    Sum(0) As SalesTax

FROM ORDERSITEMS b
LEFT JOIN ORDERS a ON Order_ID = b.Order_FK
WHERE b.OrdersItems_ItemChargeSalesTax <> 0 and a.Order_Status != 'Cancelled'
Group By a.stateTaxAbbreviation, MONTH(a.Order_Date), YEAR(a.Order_Date)
)t

GROUP BY StateAbbr, OrderMonth, OrderYear
ORDER BY StateAbbr ASC, OrderYear DESC, OrderMonth ASC

选择StateAbr、OrderYear、OrderMonth、SUM（TotalSales）作为TotalSales、SUM（TotalSales）-SUM（TaxableRevenue）作为免税收入、SUM（TaxableRevenue）作为TaxableRevenue、SUM（SalesTax）作为SalesTax
从(
挑选
/*获取已征收的总销售额和总销售税*/
a、 StateTax缩写为stateAbr，
月份（a.订单日期）作为订单月份，
年（a.订单日期）为订单年，
总计（（a.订单\u TotalBaseSale+a.订单\u发货）-（（a.订单\u百分比折扣*a.订单\u TotalBaseSale）/100）+a.订单\u美元），
免税收入总额（0），
应纳税收入总额（0），
销售税总额（a.订单\销售税）
来自dbo.a订单
其中a.Order_状态！=“已取消”
按a.stateTax缩写、月份（a.Order\u日期）、年份（a.Order\u日期）分组
联合所有
挑选
/*获得豁免订单*/
a、 StateTax缩写为stateAbr，
月份（a.订单日期）作为订单月份，
年（a.订单日期）为订单年，
总和（0）为总销售额，
免税收入总额（OrdersItems\u ItemTotal），
应纳税收入总额（0），
销售税总额（0）
从订单站点b
左连接订单a ON Order\u ID=b.Order\u FK
其中b.OrdersItems\u ItemChargeSalesTax=0和a.Order\u Status！=“已取消”
按a.stateTax缩写、月份（a.Order\u日期）、年份（a.Order\u日期）分组
联合所有
挑选
/*获得非豁免订单*/
a、 StateTax缩写为stateAbr，
月份（a.订单日期）作为订单月份，
年（a.订单日期）为订单年，
总和（0）为总销售额，
免税收入总额（0），
总额（OrdersItems\u ItemTotal）作为应纳税收入，
销售税总额（0）
从订单站点b
左连接订单a ON Order\u ID=b.Order\u FK
其中b.OrdersItems\u ItemChargeSalesTax 0和a.Order\u状态！=“已取消”
按a.stateTax缩写、月份（a.Order\u日期）、年份（a.Order\u日期）分组
)t
按状态分组br、OrderMonth、OrderYear
按州订购abbr ASC、OrderYear DESC、OrderMonth ASC

为什么ORDERITEMS有OrderPayments\u Date列？这似乎没有什么意义（而且您没有将其包含在您的伪DDL中）。如果物品在发货时要交税，那么物品和发货之间应该有直接的关系（如果这是您的目标）。或者OrderPayments\u Date实际上是OrderPayments中的OrderPayments\u PaymentDate？Hi-SMor:OrderPayments\u Date是ORDERSPAYMENTS表中的一列。这是订单上的付款日期。它仅用于按月/年过滤结果，以便我可以运行报告，比如2020年1月或2019年12月等，并查看应向州政府缴纳的销售税。销售税由制片厂在付款时征收。。。然而，在我们的情况下，同样的钱每个月都会被送到州政府，所以我们需要报告我们欠了多少钱，这样我们就可以提交月度纳税申报表并汇款。而且，我相信我