Sql server django pyodbc:MSSQL unicode问题

使用

Django-pyodbc

、

freetds

和

unixodbc

在Django上登录用户时遇到问题。我可以毫无问题地运行

syncdb

并连接

pyodbc

我得到的全部错误是：

 ('42000', '[42000] [FreeTDS][SQL Server]Unicode data in a Unicode-only collation or ntext data cannot be sent to clients using DB-Library (such as ISQL) or ODBC version 3.7 or earlier. (4004) (SQLExecDirectW)

freetds配置文件：

[PS123]
host = <ip number>
port = 2254
tds version = 8.0
instance = T_INS01
client charset = UTF-8

# somebody suggested this had to be global so I put it here as well
[global]
client charset = UTF-8
tds version = 8.0

odbc.ini

[PS123]
Driver = FreeTDS
Description = A wonderful description goes here
tds_version = 8.0 # also tried without underscore here
Database = database
Servername = PS123
Trace = Yes
TraceFile = /tmp/freetdssql.log

如果我通过django debug工具栏的debugsqlshell登录用户，我可以看到异常之前发生的查询：

In [10]: login(request, user)
SELECT TOP 1 (1) AS [a] FROM [django_session] WHERE [django_session].[session_key] = magyul563p13z6e33t6rexesaxx1kszx [5.03ms]
INSERT INTO [django_session] ([session_key], [session_data], [expire_date])
VALUES (magyul563p13z6e33t6rexesaxx1kszx,
        ZjgwN2E1NGZhNTE4YTI2ZWQxMDM3M2ZlZThiNWVlY2NlYTlmZWQ1YzqAAn1xAS4=, 2014-02-14 10:20:31+00:00) [3.23ms]
SELECT [django_session].[session_key], [django_session].[session_data], [django_session].[expire_date] FROM [django_session] WHERE [django_session].[session_key] = magyul563p13z6e33t6rexesaxx1kszx [1.56ms]

但当我仅使用

pyodbc

运行这些查询时，如下所示：

import pyodbc
cnx = pyodbc.connect("DSN=PS123;UID=username;PWD=password")

cursor = cnx.cursor()
cursor.execute("SELECT TOP 1 (1) AS [a] FROM [django_session] WHERE [django_session].[session_key] = 'azozj51b9a5y9lnbq2b4hydhrryrplpz'")
cursor.execute("INSERT INTO [django_session] ([session_key], [session_data], [expire_date]) VALUES ('azozj51b9a5y9lnbq2b4hyd', 'ZwN2E1NGZhNTE4YTI2ZWQxMDM3M2ZlZThiNWVlY2NlYTlmZWQ1YzqAAn1x', '2014-02-15')")
cursor.execute("SELECT [django_session].[session_key], [django_session].[session_data], [django_session].[expire_date] FROM [django_session] WHERE [django_session].[session_key] = 'azozj51b9a5y9lnbq2b4hyd'")

它获取和插入没有任何问题。唯一的问题是我必须删除日期字符串中的时间和时区。我认为这与我的问题无关

以下是我的Django数据库设置：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'sql_server.pyodbc', # also tried django_pyodbc
        'NAME': 'database',          
        'USER': 'username',
        'PASSWORD': 'password', 
        'HOST': 'PS123',
        'PORT': '2254', 
        'OPTIONS': {
           'host_is_server': True
        },
    }
}

完全回溯：

Traceback:
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
  115.                         response = callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/sites.py" in wrapper
  219.                 return self.admin_view(view, cacheable)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/utils/decorators.py" in _wrapped_view
  91.                     response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/views/decorators/cache.py" in _wrapped_view_func
  89.         response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/sites.py" in inner
  196.             if not self.has_permission(request):
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/sites.py" in has_permission
  149.         return request.user.is_active and request.user.is_staff
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/utils/functional.py" in inner
  204.             self._setup()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/utils/functional.py" in _setup
  270.         self._wrapped = self._setupfunc()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/middleware.py" in <lambda>
  18.         request.user = SimpleLazyObject(lambda: get_user(request))
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/middleware.py" in get_user
  10.         request._cached_user = auth.get_user(request)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py" in get_user
  136.         user_id = request.session[SESSION_KEY]
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/sessions/backends/base.py" in __getitem__
  44.         return self._session[key]
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/sessions/backends/base.py" in _get_session
  167.                 self._session_cache = self.load()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/sessions/backends/db.py" in load
  18.                 expire_date__gt=timezone.now()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/manager.py" in get
  143.         return self.get_query_set().get(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in get
  398.         num = len(clone)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in __len__
  106.                 self._result_cache = list(self.iterator())
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/query.py" in iterator
  317.         for row in compiler.results_iter():
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py" in results_iter
  775.         for rows in self.execute_sql(MULTI):
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py" in execute_sql
  846.         cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/backends/util.py" in execute
  41.             return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sql_server/pyodbc/base.py" in execute
  396.             raise utils.DatabaseError(*e.args)

Exception Type: DatabaseError at /admin/
Exception Value: ('42000', '[42000] [FreeTDS][SQL Server]Unicode data in a Unicode-only collation or ntext data cannot be sent to clients using DB-Library (such as ISQL) or ODBC version 3.7 or earlier. (4004) (SQLExecDirectW)')

回溯：
get_响应中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/core/handlers/base.py”
115响应=回调（请求，*回调参数，**回调参数）
包装器中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/contrib/admin/sites.py”
219返回self.admin_视图（视图，可缓存）（*args，**kwargs）
视图中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/utils/decorators.py”
91响应=查看功能（请求，*args，**kwargs）
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/views/decorators/cache.py”
89响应=查看功能（请求，*args，**kwargs）
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/contrib/admin/sites.py”
196如果不是self.has_权限（请求）：
中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/contrib/admin/sites.py”具有\u权限
149return request.user.is_活动，request.user.is_工作人员
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/utils/functional.py”
204self.\u设置（）
安装程序中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/utils/functional.py”
270self.\u wrapped=self.\u setupfunc（）
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/contrib/auth/middleware.py”
18request.user=SimpleLazyObject（lambda:get_user（request））
get_user中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/contrib/auth/middleware.py”
10请求。_cached_user=auth.get_user（请求）
get\U user中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/contrib/auth/\uuu init\uu.py”
136user\u id=request.session[session\u KEY]
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/contrib/sessions/backends/base.py”__
44返回self.\u会话[键]
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/contrib/sessions/backends/base.py”位于get会话中
167self.\u session\u cache=self.load（）
加载文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/sessions/backends/db.py”
18expire\u date\uu gt=timezone.now（）
get中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/db/models/manager.py”
143返回self.get\u query\u set（）.get（*args，**kwargs）
get中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/db/models/query.py”
398num=len（克隆）
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/db/models/query.py”__
106self.\u result\u cache=list（self.iterator（））
迭代器中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/db/models/query.py”
317对于编译器.results\u iter（）中的行：
结果文件中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py”
775对于self.execute_sql（多）中的行：
execute_sql中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py”
846cursor.execute（sql，params）
execute中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/django/db/backends/util.py”
41返回self.cursor.execute（sql，params）
execute中的文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/sql\u server/pyodbc/base.py”
396raise utils.DatabaseError（*e.args）
异常类型：数据库错误位于/admin/
异常值：（'42000'、'[42000][FreeTDS][SQL Server]纯Unicode排序规则中的Unicode数据或ntext数据不能发送到使用DB库（如ISQL）或ODBC版本3.7或更早版本的客户端。（4004）（SQLExecDirectW））

事实证明，我还必须在Django数据库设置中指定TDS版本：

'OPTIONS' : { 'host_is_server' : True, 'extra_params' : 'TDS_VERSION=8.0', }

---

我希望这对某些人有所帮助。

我还建议在选项中包括以下内容，以确保Unicode结果：

'OPTIONS': {
    'host_is_server': True,
    'autocommit': True,
    'unicode_results': True,
    'extra_params': 'tds_version=8.0'
},

Django 1.6还需要自动提交选项。以这种方式连接时，它会绕过您可能已设置的任何DSN

---

编辑：报告“自Django 1.6以来，自动提交在默认情况下处于打开状态”，因此我想您不需要设置此最佳答案，它修复了我在SQL server 2012与Django 1.7、freetds和pyodbc连接时的字符编码问题。我们应该接受这个答案！自从我最初的回答之后，我了解到了更多的信息，这只是一个评论：虽然“TDS_VERSION=8.0”可以工作，但微软已经发布了一个官方版本编号，以符合其TDS规范。虽然两者都可以工作，但正确的版本是“TDS_version=7.2”。

'OPTIONS': {
    'host_is_server': True,
    'autocommit': True,
    'unicode_results': True,
    'extra_params': 'tds_version=8.0'
},