Tkinter 如何使python GUI应用程序与桌面大小无关？

我使用Tkinter库在python中创建了一个GUI应用程序。我已禁用调整显示窗口的大小。我使用的所有按钮和小部件都正确地显示在我正在开发的系统上。但当我在其他系统上运行应用程序时，小部件的大小和位置变得一团糟

你们能建议我如何消除这个问题并使应用程序系统独立吗

我已经附上了代码文件。请帮忙

#! /usr/bin/python3.4

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
from PIL import ImageTk, Image
from UserWindow import UserWindow
import swiftclient as sc
import swiftclient.exceptions as swiftClientExceptions

class MyApp(Frame):
def __init__(self,parent):
    Frame.__init__(self,parent)
    self.parent=parent  
    self.images = []
    self.configureLoginWindow()
    self.createLoginWindow()

def configureLoginWindow(self):
    self.master.title("Music Library")
    self.master.resizable(False,False)
    w = 400   #Width of the Window
    h = 250   #Height of the Window
    # get screen width and height
    ws = root.winfo_screenwidth()#This value is the width of the screen
    hs = root.winfo_screenheight()#This is the height of the screen
    # calculate position x, y
    x = (ws/2) - (w/2)
    y = (hs/2) - (h/2)

    #This is responsible for setting the dimensions of the screen and    where it is
    #placed
    self.master.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d' % (w, h, x, y))

def createLoginWindow(self):
    #Create a 5*5 Grid
    self.grid()
    for columns in range (0,6):
        self.columnconfigure(columns, pad = 14,weight=1)
    for rows in range (0,6):
        self.rowconfigure(rows , pad = 14,weight=1)

    #Setting the image
    rawdata=Image.open('images/login.jpg')
    loginImage=ImageTk.PhotoImage(rawdata)
    self.images.append(loginImage)
    #Creating Label to store Image
    labelLoginImage = Label(image=loginImage,bg="white")
    labelLoginImage.grid(column=0,row=0,columnspan=2,rowspan=5)
    #Creating Login Box
    labelUserName=Label(text="Username")
    labelPassword=Label(text="Password")
    labelWarning = Label(text="UserName OR Password is          wrong!!!!",fg='red')
    entryUserName=Entry(width=20)
    entryPassword=Entry(width=20,show="*")
           btnLogin=Button(text="Login",command=lambda:self.loginClickEvent(entryUserName.get(),entryPassword.get(),labelWarning))
    btnCancel=Button(text="Cancel",command=self.cancelClickEvent)

    labelUserName.grid(column=2,row=1,sticky=SW,pady=3)
    labelPassword.grid(column=2,row=2,sticky=NW,pady=3)
      entryUserName.grid(column=3,row=1,columnspan=2,padx=4,sticky=SW,pady=3)
    entryPassword.grid(column=3,row=2,columnspan=2, padx=4,sticky=NW,pady=3)
    btnLogin.grid(column=3,row=2,pady=3)
    btnCancel.grid(column=4,row=2,pady=3)
    labelWarning.grid_forget()

def loginClickEvent(self,usrName,password,labelWarning):
    try:
        #Validation with keystone client via swiftclient
        storage_url , token = sc.client.get_auth("http://172.18.9.100:5000/v2.0/",usrName,password,auth_version='2.0'
                                                 ,os_options=dict({"tenant_name": 'admin'}.items()))
        '''storage_url , token = sc.client.get_auth("http://192.168.0.7:5000/v2.0/",usrName,password,auth_version='2.0'
                                                 ,os_options=dict({"tenant_name": 'demo'}.items()))'''
        storage_url = storage_url[0:7] + "172.18.9.100:8080/" +      storage_url[23:]
        #Passing token and storgae Uri which we have received to User          Window page
        app=UserWindow(storage_url , token)

    except swiftClientExceptions.ClientException as unauth:
        labelWarning.grid(column=2,row=3,columnspan=3,sticky='N')
        print(unauth)

def cancelClickEvent(self):    
    self.master.destroy()


root=tk.Tk()
app = MyApp(root)
app.mainloop()

我没有足够的声誉来添加图片，请帮助这里

#! /usr/bin/python3.4

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
from PIL import ImageTk, Image
from UserWindow import UserWindow
import swiftclient as sc
import swiftclient.exceptions as swiftClientExceptions

class MyApp(Frame):
def __init__(self,parent):
    Frame.__init__(self,parent)
    self.parent=parent  
    self.images = []
    self.configureLoginWindow()
    self.createLoginWindow()

def configureLoginWindow(self):
    self.master.title("Music Library")
    self.master.resizable(False,False)
    w = 400   #Width of the Window
    h = 250   #Height of the Window
    # get screen width and height
    ws = root.winfo_screenwidth()#This value is the width of the screen
    hs = root.winfo_screenheight()#This is the height of the screen
    # calculate position x, y
    x = (ws/2) - (w/2)
    y = (hs/2) - (h/2)

    #This is responsible for setting the dimensions of the screen and    where it is
    #placed
    self.master.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d' % (w, h, x, y))

def createLoginWindow(self):
    #Create a 5*5 Grid
    self.grid()
    for columns in range (0,6):
        self.columnconfigure(columns, pad = 14,weight=1)
    for rows in range (0,6):
        self.rowconfigure(rows , pad = 14,weight=1)

    #Setting the image
    rawdata=Image.open('images/login.jpg')
    loginImage=ImageTk.PhotoImage(rawdata)
    self.images.append(loginImage)
    #Creating Label to store Image
    labelLoginImage = Label(image=loginImage,bg="white")
    labelLoginImage.grid(column=0,row=0,columnspan=2,rowspan=5)
    #Creating Login Box
    labelUserName=Label(text="Username")
    labelPassword=Label(text="Password")
    labelWarning = Label(text="UserName OR Password is          wrong!!!!",fg='red')
    entryUserName=Entry(width=20)
    entryPassword=Entry(width=20,show="*")
           btnLogin=Button(text="Login",command=lambda:self.loginClickEvent(entryUserName.get(),entryPassword.get(),labelWarning))
    btnCancel=Button(text="Cancel",command=self.cancelClickEvent)

    labelUserName.grid(column=2,row=1,sticky=SW,pady=3)
    labelPassword.grid(column=2,row=2,sticky=NW,pady=3)
      entryUserName.grid(column=3,row=1,columnspan=2,padx=4,sticky=SW,pady=3)
    entryPassword.grid(column=3,row=2,columnspan=2, padx=4,sticky=NW,pady=3)
    btnLogin.grid(column=3,row=2,pady=3)
    btnCancel.grid(column=4,row=2,pady=3)
    labelWarning.grid_forget()

def loginClickEvent(self,usrName,password,labelWarning):
    try:
        #Validation with keystone client via swiftclient
        storage_url , token = sc.client.get_auth("http://172.18.9.100:5000/v2.0/",usrName,password,auth_version='2.0'
                                                 ,os_options=dict({"tenant_name": 'admin'}.items()))
        '''storage_url , token = sc.client.get_auth("http://192.168.0.7:5000/v2.0/",usrName,password,auth_version='2.0'
                                                 ,os_options=dict({"tenant_name": 'demo'}.items()))'''
        storage_url = storage_url[0:7] + "172.18.9.100:8080/" +      storage_url[23:]
        #Passing token and storgae Uri which we have received to User          Window page
        app=UserWindow(storage_url , token)

    except swiftClientExceptions.ClientException as unauth:
        labelWarning.grid(column=2,row=3,columnspan=3,sticky='N')
        print(unauth)

def cancelClickEvent(self):    
    self.master.destroy()


root=tk.Tk()
app = MyApp(root)
app.mainloop()

---

我所说的凌乱意味着小部件之间的空间不均匀，大小也不同。

我实际上已经调试了这个问题。以下是需要修改的内容：-

在网格中配置行和列时。使用Grid.columnconfigure和Grid.rowconfigure，权重为1或大于1

widget的width属性可以随使用的widget的种类而变化。如果小部件具有文本值，则宽度以字符数指定，如果小部件具有图像，则宽度以像素指定 现在，当我将代码从windows移动到Linux并运行它时，GUI看起来就不一样了。第一个原因是我之前没有使用上面第1点提到的网格方法。 其次，字体类型和大小起着至关重要的作用。如果没有明确设置默认字体类型和大小，那么GUI将选择运行它的系统的默认字体类型

我在windows和linux上手动指定了相同的字体大小和字体类型，然后按钮显示相同

我希望答案是有帮助的。在这里，我粘贴修改后的代码

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *   
from PIL import ImageTk, Image
from UserWindow import UserWindow
import swiftclient as sc
import swiftclient.exceptions as swiftClientExceptions
import tkinter.font

class MyApp(Frame):
def __init__(self,parent):
    Frame.__init__(self,parent)
    self.parent=parent  
    self.images = []
    self.configureLoginWindow()
    self.createLoginWindow()

def configureLoginWindow(self):
    self.master.title("Music Library")
    self.master.resizable(False,False)
    w = 400   #Width of the Window
    h = 250   #Height of the Window
    # get screen width and height
    ws = root.winfo_screenwidth()#This value is the width of the screen
    hs = root.winfo_screenheight()#This is the height of the screen
    # calculate position x, y
    x = (ws/2) - (w/2)
    y = (hs/2) - (h/2)

    #This is responsible for setting the dimensions of the screen and where it is
    #placed
    self.master.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d' % (w, h, x, y))

def createLoginWindow(self):
    #Create a 5*5 Grid
    self.grid()
    for columns in range (0,6):
        Grid.columnconfigure(self.master,columns,weight=1)
    for rows in range (0,6):
        Grid.rowconfigure(self.master,rows , weight=1)

    #Setting the image
    rawdata=Image.open('../images/login.jpg')
    loginImage=ImageTk.PhotoImage(rawdata)
    self.images.append(loginImage)
    #Creating Label to store Image
    labelLoginImage = Label(image=loginImage,bg="white")
    labelLoginImage.grid(column=0,row=0,columnspan=2,rowspan=5,sticky=NSEW)
    #Creating Login Box
    labelUserName=Label(text="Username" ,font=("Helvetica", 8))
    labelPassword=Label(text="Password",font=("Helvetica", 8))
    labelWarning = Label(text="UserName OR Password is wrong!!!!",fg='red',font=("Helvetica", 8))
    entryUserName=Entry(width=20,font=("Helvetica", 8))
    entryPassword=Entry(width=20,show="*",font=("Helvetica", 8))
    btnLogin=Button(text="Login",padx=1,font=("Helvetica", 8),command=lambda:self.loginClickEvent(entryUserName.get(),entryPassword.get(),labelWarning))
    btnCancel=Button(text="Cancel",padx=1,font=("Helvetica", 8),command=self.cancelClickEvent)

    labelUserName.grid(column=2,row=1,sticky=SW,pady=3)
    labelPassword.grid(column=2,row=2,sticky=NW,pady=3)
    entryUserName.grid(column=3,row=1,columnspan=2,padx=4,sticky=SW,pady=3)
    entryPassword.grid(column=3,row=2,columnspan=2, padx=4,sticky=NW,pady=3)
    btnLogin.grid(column=3,row=2,pady=10)
    btnCancel.grid(column=4,row=2,pady=10)
    labelWarning.grid_forget()

def loginClickEvent(self,usrName,password,labelWarning):
    try:
        #Validation with keystone client via swiftclient
        storage_url , token = sc.client.get_auth("http://172.18.9.100:5000/v2.0/",usrName,password,auth_version='2.0'
                                                 ,os_options=dict({"tenant_name": usrName}.items()))
        '''storage_url , token = sc.client.get_auth("http://192.168.0.7:5000/v2.0/",usrName,password,auth_version='2.0'
                                                 ,os_options=dict({"tenant_name": 'demo'}.items()))'''
        storage_url = storage_url[0:7] + "172.18.9.100:8080/" + storage_url[23:]
        #Passing token and storgae Uri which we have received to User Window page
        app=UserWindow(storage_url , token)

    except swiftClientExceptions.ClientException as unauth:
        labelWarning.grid(column=2,row=3,columnspan=3,sticky='N')
        print(unauth)

def cancelClickEvent(self):    
    self.master.destroy()


root=tk.Tk()
app = MyApp(root)
app.mainloop()

---

我认为您可以设置几何图形：

root.geometry（“500x400+100+100”）

---

您必须在启动Tk实例后添加它！上述代码中的

500

表示宽度，此处的

400

表示高度，其他两个数字表示窗口在屏幕上的位置

你用什么布局？您是硬编码窗口大小，还是只是禁用了调整大小？显示一些代码。另外，

变得一团糟到底是什么意思？你可能有一些比较图片吗？关于这两个系统设置的更多信息也可能有用。我已经添加了代码和一些解释。