可以肯定的是，空元素技巧可能更短：）正如有人在回答中指出的，但没有详细说明，它不是有效的xml。节点不能具有没有属性的自治标识符。这个问题解决了吗？你需要进一步的帮助吗？请允许我一个提示：如果这个问题得到解决，您将非常感谢，在（最佳）答案的投票柜台下方勾选

---

可以肯定的是，空元素技巧可能更短：）正如有人在回答中指出的，但没有详细说明，它不是有效的xml。节点不能具有没有属性的自治标识符。这个问题解决了吗？你需要进一步的帮助吗？请允许我一个提示：如果这个问题得到解决，您将非常感谢，在（最佳）答案的投票柜台下方勾选接受检查。这将1）将此问题标记为已解决2）使追随者更容易找到最佳解决方案3）向回答者支付积分，4）向您支付积分。因为你自己已经越过了15点的边界，你被要求对捐款进行投票。这就是说谢谢的方式。快乐编码！我也在努力解决这个问题，不知道那个空元素的把戏。很高兴知道：）。虽然有点脏。。。我不太喜欢SQLServer如何实现XML选择。那个把戏，有没有记录在案？@TT我试图解释到底发生了什么。不确定微软是否明确记录了这一技巧，但在我看来，这种行为是使用

for XML

@MikaelEriksson创建XML的唯一方法。谢谢Michael，我现在明白了：）太好了！从我这边投票。。。最后是可读性和可维护性的问题。。。

<studentid="000011111">
    <academic_goal type="official">
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2014-16</program>
        <program type="degree">BS</program>
        <program type="major">PS</program>
        <program type="concentration">PCC</program>
      </program_group>
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2014-16</program>
        <program type="degree">BS</program>
        <program type="minor">HI</program>
      </program_group>
    </academic_goal>
</studentid>

<studentid="000011111">
    <academic_goal type="official">
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2014-16</program>
        <program type="degree">BS</program>
        <program type="major">PS</program>
        <program type="minor">HI</program>
        <program type="concentration">PCC</program>
      </program_group>
    </academic_goal>
</studentid>

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[StudentProgramData](
    [StudentID] [nvarchar](10) NULL,
    [Catalog] [nvarchar](10) NULL,
    [Degree] [nvarchar](10) NULL,
    [Major] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
    [Minor] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
    [Concentration] [nvarchar](50) NULL)

insert into StudentProgramData
values 
('000011111', '2014-16', 'BS', 'PS', 'HI', 'PCC'),
('000022222', '2012-14', 'BA', 'MK', 'BI', 'ESO'),
('000033333', '2012-14', 'BS', 'MB', NULL, 'AUE'),
('000044444', '2014-16', 'ME', 'PS', 'HI', NULL),
('000055555', '2010-12', 'MD', 'PS', NULL, 'PCC')

(select
    ltrim(rtrim(StudentProgramData.catalog)) as [program/@catalog],
    ltrim(rtrim(StudentProgramData.degree)) as [program/@degree],
    ltrim(rtrim(StudentProgramData.major)) as [program/@major],
    ltrim(rtrim(StudentProgramData.minor)) as [program/@minor],
    ltrim(rtrim(StudentProgramData.concentration)) as [program/@concentration]

    from StudentProgramData

for xml path('program'), type).query('
   <academic_goal type="official">
   {
     for $program in /program
         return
            <program_group>
               {$program/Name}
                <program type="catalog">{data($program/program/@year)}</program>
                <program type="degree">{data($program/program/@degree)}</program>
                <program type="major">{data($program/program/@major)}</program>
                <program type="minor">{data($program/program/@minor)}</program>
                <program type="concentration">{data($program/program/@concentration)}</program>
            </program_group>
   }
   </academic_goal>')

<students>
  <student id="000011111">
    <academic_goal type="official">
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2014-16</program>
        <program type="degree">BS</program>
        <program type="major">PS</program>
        <program type="concentration">PCC</program>
      </program_group>
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2014-16</program>
        <program type="degree">BS</program>
        <program type="minor">HI</program>
      </program_group>
    </academic_goal>
  </student>
  <student id="000022222">
    <academic_goal type="official">
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2012-14</program>
        <program type="degree">BA</program>
        <program type="major">MK</program>
        <program type="concentration">ESO</program>
      </program_group>
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2012-14</program>
        <program type="degree">BA</program>
        <program type="minor">BI</program>
      </program_group>
    </academic_goal>
  </student>
  <student id="000033333">
    <academic_goal type="official">
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2012-14</program>
        <program type="degree">BS</program>
        <program type="major">MB</program>
        <program type="concentration">AUE</program>
      </program_group>
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2012-14</program>
        <program type="degree">BS</program>
        <program type="minor" />
      </program_group>
    </academic_goal>
  </student>
  <student id="000044444">
    <academic_goal type="official">
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2014-16</program>
        <program type="degree">ME</program>
        <program type="major">PS</program>
        <program type="concentration" />
      </program_group>
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2014-16</program>
        <program type="degree">ME</program>
        <program type="minor">HI</program>
      </program_group>
    </academic_goal>
  </student>
  <student id="000055555">
    <academic_goal type="official">
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2010-12</program>
        <program type="degree">MD</program>
        <program type="major">PS</program>
        <program type="concentration">PCC</program>
      </program_group>
      <program_group>
        <program type="catalog">2010-12</program>
        <program type="degree">MD</program>
        <program type="minor" />
      </program_group>
    </academic_goal>
  </student>
</students>

SELECT StudentID AS [@id]
      ,(
        SELECT 'official' AS [@type]
              ,(
                    SELECT 'catalog' AS [program/@type] 
                          ,spd.[Catalog] AS [program]
                          ,''
                          ,'degree' AS [program/@type] 
                          ,spd.[Degree] AS [program]
                          ,''
                          ,'major' AS [program/@type] 
                          ,spd.[Major] AS [program]
                          ,''
                          ,'concentration' AS [program/@type] 
                          ,spd.[Concentration] AS [program]
                    FOR XML PATH('program_group'),TYPE
               )
              ,(
                    SELECT 'catalog' AS [program/@type] 
                          ,spd.[Catalog] AS [program]
                          ,''
                          ,'degree' AS [program/@type] 
                          ,spd.[Degree] AS [program]
                          ,''
                          ,'minor' AS [program/@type] 
                          ,spd.[Minor] AS [program]
                    FOR XML PATH('program_group'),TYPE
               )
        FROM StudentProgramData AS spd
        WHERE s.StudentID=spd.StudentID
        FOR XML PATH('academic_goal'),TYPE
       )
FROM StudentProgramData AS s
FOR XML PATH('student')--,ROOT('root') --Do you need a root node? Probably yes, if more than 1 student...