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C++ 嵌套数组类型常量变量的副作用_C++_Constants_Side Effects - Fatal编程技术网

C++ 嵌套数组类型常量变量的副作用

C++ 嵌套数组类型常量变量的副作用,c++,constants,side-effects,C++,Constants,Side Effects,我遇到了奇怪的副作用,我一点也不能向自己解释。可能我遗漏了一些非常明显的东西,但我已经查找了几个小时的bug,代码非常简单,所以我得出结论,我一定对…有一些基本的误解。。。什么 考虑这段代码,它是用来计算两个2d矩阵的乘积的(我更改了set()函数,将-1添加到参数单元格中,以使调试输出更易于理解 template<class T, unsigned column_count, unsigned row_count> class Matrix { private: const

我遇到了奇怪的副作用,我一点也不能向自己解释。可能我遗漏了一些非常明显的东西,但我已经查找了几个小时的bug,代码非常简单,所以我得出结论,我一定对…有一些基本的误解。。。什么

考虑这段代码,它是用来计算两个2d矩阵的乘积的(我更改了
set()
函数,将
-1
添加到参数单元格中,以使调试输出更易于理解

template<class T, unsigned column_count, unsigned row_count>
class Matrix
{
private:
    const static unsigned row_length    = column_count;
    const static unsigned column_length = row_count;
    using matrix_type = std::array<std::array<T, row_length>, row_count>;
    matrix_type matrix;

public:
    using value_type = T;

    Matrix(const matrix_type& matrix) : matrix(matrix) {}
    Matrix() {}

    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, const Matrix& rhs)
    {
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < column_count; ++i) {
            for (unsigned j = 0; j < row_count; ++j) {
                o << rhs.matrix[i][j] << ' ';
            }
            o << '\n';
        }
        return o;
    }

    const auto& get_rows() const { return matrix; }

    const auto get_columns() const
    {
        std::array<std::array<T, column_length>, column_count> columns;

        for (unsigned i = 0; i < row_length; ++i) {
            for (unsigned j = 0; j < column_length; ++j) {
                columns[i][j] = matrix[j][i];
            }
        }
        return columns;
    }

    void set(unsigned i, unsigned j, T v) { matrix[i][j] = -1; }

    friend Matrix operator*(const Matrix& m1, const Matrix& m2)
    {

        auto columns = m1.get_columns();
        auto rows    = m2.get_rows();

        Matrix m3;

        std::cout << "before:"
                  << "\n";
        std::cout << m1 << "\n";
        std::cout << m2 << "\n";
        std::cout << m3 << "\n";

        unsigned i{ 0 };

        for (const auto& row : rows) {

            i++;
            unsigned j{ 0 };

            for (const auto& column : columns) {

                j++;
                value_type v{ 0 };

                for (unsigned k = 0; k < column.size(); ++k) {
                    v += row[k] * column[k];
                }
                m3.set(i, j, v);
            }
        }

        std::cout << "after:"
                  << "\n";
        std::cout << m1 << "\n";
        std::cout << m2 << "\n";
        std::cout << m3 << "\n";

        return m3;
    }
};
现在我以不同的方式调用
操作符*

matrix1*matrix2;

结果:

before:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 183238709

after:
-1 -1 -1
4 5 6
7 8 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

0 0 0
0 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1
before:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 -1823473620

after:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

-1 -1 -1
4 5 6
7 8 9

0 0 0
0 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1
before:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

1385085408 32767 401515081
1 1385085440 32767
1385085440 32767 1385085464

after:
-1 -1 -1
4 5 6
7 8 9

-1 -1 -1
4 5 6
7 8 9

1385085408 32767 401515081
1 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1
matrix2*matrix1;

结果:

before:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 183238709

after:
-1 -1 -1
4 5 6
7 8 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

0 0 0
0 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1
before:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 -1823473620

after:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

-1 -1 -1
4 5 6
7 8 9

0 0 0
0 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1
before:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

1385085408 32767 401515081
1 1385085440 32767
1385085440 32767 1385085464

after:
-1 -1 -1
4 5 6
7 8 9

-1 -1 -1
4 5 6
7 8 9

1385085408 32767 401515081
1 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1
matrix1*matrix1;

结果:

before:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 183238709

after:
-1 -1 -1
4 5 6
7 8 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

0 0 0
0 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1
before:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 -1823473620

after:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

-1 -1 -1
4 5 6
7 8 9

0 0 0
0 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1
before:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

1385085408 32767 401515081
1 1385085440 32767
1385085440 32767 1385085464

after:
-1 -1 -1
4 5 6
7 8 9

-1 -1 -1
4 5 6
7 8 9

1385085408 32767 401515081
1 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1

如您所见,作为第一个参数传递的矩阵将被更改。这对我来说毫无意义,因为它是作为常量传递的,
set()
仅对
m3
进行操作。不知何故,
m3
部分“绑定”由于
i
j
都过早递增,因此在循环中写入超出范围的内容是因为
i
j
的第一个参数

代码应该如下所示:

for (const auto& row : rows) {
    // i++;
    unsigned j{ 0 };

    for (const auto& column : columns) {
        // j++;
        value_type v{ 0 };

        for (unsigned k = 0; k < column.size(); ++k) {
            v += row[k] * column[k];
        }
        m3.set(i, j, v);

        j++; // <--
    }

    i++; // <--
}
for(常量自动&行:行){
//i++;
无符号j{0};
用于(常量自动和列:列){
//j++;
值_类型v{0};
for(无符号k=0;kj++;//是的,但我仍然不知道变异来自何处,正如
set()
只为
m3
调用,而
m1
经历了变异。请构造一个。虽然是FWIW,但我不能在这里重新编程:对我来说,这看起来像是一个常见的错误,投票关闭。我可以自己关闭它吗?哈哈,谢谢。我知道这会是一件愚蠢的事情。