C# 如何以编程方式创建Excel；排序/筛选组合框“；？

我正在反向工程一个手动创建的电子表格，用于动态创建。大多数单元格都填充了简单的数据，但也有一些是“排序/筛选”下拉列表，如下所示：

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

如何动态创建这样的控件

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

是否有办法在Excel电子表格中“查看源代码”，以查看生成这些控件可能需要哪种代码

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

更新 改编MacroMark的代码，编译：

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

…但它崩溃了，给我带来了这样一个谴责：

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

我怎么迷路了

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

更新2 为了回答MacroMarc在下面的评论，这里是遗留/模型电子表格（我是逆向工程）中过滤器控件的屏幕截图：

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

在本例中，我从列表中取消选择了“十一月”，因此它被删除，如您所见。因此，用户选择的内容会影响下面列的可见性

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

更新3 在遗留电子表格中加入了所有这些花哨的内容后，我现在考虑将其保存为模板，并根据需要简单地替换单元格内容。有什么理由不可行吗

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

如果没有，要完成此操作，是否应将现有的spreadhseet保存为“启用Excel宏的工作簿”

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

更新4 我试着这样改编马克的回答：

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

Range monthYearCells = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[COLUMN_HEADING_ROW, MONTH1_COL], _xlSheet.Cells[COLUMN_HEADING_ROW, MONTH13_COL]];
object monthFilter = (object)monthYearCells.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
var monthFilterCell = (Range)_xlSheet.Cells[6, 3];
monthFilterCell.Value = monthFilter;

…但得到了运行时异常：

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

是不是最后一行（将monthFilter指定给范围的Value属性）导致了问题？如果是这样，我应该将monthFilter分配给什么，或者应该如何处理它？

否，您不能在Excel电子表格上“查看源代码”。但是，您可以打开VBA编辑器，查看已写入的代码。在Excel的现代版本中，如何做到这一点可能并不那么明显。在Excel窗口的顶部，查找小箭头，单击它，将出现一个下拉列表

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

在列表的底部，您将看到一个名为“更多命令”的选项。单击此处，将打开以下窗口

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

然后可以过滤命令列表。选择“开发人员选项卡”，您将在右侧看到一个名为“Visual Basic”的命令。您还有其他用于录制宏的命令，因此请添加整个列表。正如您从我的第一个屏幕截图中看到的，我已经在我的Excel副本中添加了这些

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

请注意，您可能还需要调整安全设置

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

现在，您已经知道如何打开VBA编辑器，并且已经有了宏命令，您可以查看创建过滤器的代码，也可以自己创建过滤器并录制宏以查看如何执行。生成的宏将在VBA中，您可以随意修改它

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

首先单击“记录宏”的快速访问工具栏图标，然后通过选择要过滤的表顶行中的单元格添加过滤器，然后单击数据选项卡；单击过滤器

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

录制宏后，应在VBA编辑器中看到如下内容：

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

Sub Macro1()
'
' Macro1 Macro
'

'
    Selection.AutoFilter
    ActiveSheet.Range("$A$1:$D$6").AutoFilter Field:=3, Criteria1:="1023123"
    Selection.AutoFilter
End Sub

既然我们已经讨论了整个“开源”问题，下面是互操作问题的解决方案。我已经获取了您的代码，对其进行了更改，并对其进行了测试，以重现错误，并发现了问题所在。该过程必须仅选择表格的一部分或电子表格的一个完全空白区域。当Excel试图查找要筛选的范围的角点时，会遇到问题，因为没有可识别的角点可供查找。以此为例:

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

    Excel.Application app = new Excel.Application();
    app.Visible = true;
    Excel.Workbook wk = app.Workbooks.Add();
    Excel.Worksheet sh = wk.Sheets[1];
    sh.Cells[1, 1] = "col1";
    sh.Cells[1, 2] = "col2";
    sh.Cells[1, 3] = "col3";
    sh.Cells[1, 4] = "col4";
    sh.Cells[2, 1] = "data";
    sh.Cells[2, 2] = "data";
    sh.Cells[2, 3] = "data";
    sh.Cells[2, 4] = "data";
    sh.Cells[3, 1] = "data2";
    sh.Cells[3, 2] = "data2";
    sh.Cells[3, 3] = "data2";
    sh.Cells[3, 4] = "data2";

    //Excel.Range r1 = sh.Range[sh.Cells[1, 1], sh.Cells[3, 4]]; //this works
    Excel.Range r2 = sh.Range[sh.Cells[7, 3], sh.Cells[7, 15]]; //this fails
    //object sortFilterCombobox1 = (object)r1.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, Excel.XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
    object sortFilterCombobox2 = (object)r2.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, Excel.XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);

在下面的屏幕截图中，我突出显示了代码试图设置过滤器的行，该行为空。因此，这里发生的事情是，由于某种原因，代码没有引用您正在使用的电子表格的正确区域

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

解决此问题的一种方法是引用顶行中的第一个单元格，而不是整行。只要表格中没有空白，Excel就会找到整个表格

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

因此，请尝试在此范围而不是整个范围内应用自动筛选：

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3]

---

另外，我应该指出，如果您不知道，但是当您将“sortFilterCombobox”分配给一个单元格时，实际上是在单元格中弹出一个布尔值。自动筛选函数返回布尔值，而不是筛选对象本身。

筛选是通过Excel表格中的范围或Excel界面上的筛选按钮本地创建的。正如Joshua所说，您可以尝试在VBA中编写脚本，但从您的问题标签来看，您似乎在使用C#和Excel互操作（？）

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

尝试在C代码中使用范围对象句柄并应用.Autofilter方法

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

object result = (object)oRange.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value,ExApp.XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd,System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);

其中，上面的ExApp是Interop.Excel命名空间的别名

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

至于开发人员选项卡，请查看google上用于Excel版本的自定义功能区选项。右键单击功能区或文件-->选项--等等

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

更新

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

好的，要修改数据透视字段的排序和筛选属性，您需要抓住数据透视字段的句柄，例如，如果“月”筛选器位于单元格D5中，您可以执行以下操作：

var rangeMonthYears = _xlSheet.Range[_xlSheet.Cells[7, 3], _xlSheet.Cells[7, 15]];
        object sortFilterCombobox = (object)rangeMonthYears.AutoFilter(1, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, XlAutoFilterOperator.xlAnd, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, true);
        _xlSheet.Cells["6", "C"] = sortFilterCombobox; //MonthLabel; 

Range oRange = oSheet.get_Range("D5", "D5");
PivotField pf = oRange.PivotField;
pf.AutoSort((int)XlSortOrder.xlDescending, "Month");   //this sorts in reverse order            
pf.PivotItems(2).Visible = false;   //this makes the second item deselected in filter

---

谢谢请参阅更新2。哦，它正在使用互操作。我会调查并更新我的答案。事实上，73…715是我的正确范围；这就是月份标签存在的地方（9月14日、10月14日等）。试着在包含列标签的行中的第一个单元格上进行自动筛选，而不是整行。啊，我明白了。我给你的代码只是在Excel范围内启用“过滤器下拉列表”。它们会自动显示在该范围的顶行。您似乎希望从Excel单元格中捕获一年中的12个月，并将其显示在完全不同的单元格中的下拉列表中。i、 e.您希望传输“过滤器下拉列表”。无法使用该语法/对象。这可能会导致一个又一个问题。也许你最好解释一下你希望实现的目标，我们会尽力给你最好的建议“过滤器下拉列表”是一项功能，可下拉到列的顶部。只需