在Visual C#2010中获取DTE2对象的引用

我想在VisualStudio2010中使用带有C#的DTE2对象来获取对当前解决方案的引用

我首先尝试了以下代码：

var dte = Marshal.GetActiveObject("VisualStudio.DTE.10.0") as EnvDTE80.DTE2;

但是当我打开两个解决方案时，这段代码在第一个解决方案中，我得到的不是对当前解决方案的引用，而是对我加载的最后一个解决方案的引用。我需要当前的解决方案

在internet上搜索时，我在中找到了以下解决方案：

但是当我使用它时，我的dte对象总是空的

---

那么，我如何使用.net framework 4.0上的C#访问VS2010中当前的解决方案对象呢？

经过广泛的搜索和尝试，我最终使用添加到MSDN页面的注释得到了答案：

我在我的c#项目中添加了一个静态类：

在我想要访问当前IDE的时候：

var dte = CurrentIde.GetCurrent();
var sol = dte.Solution;

但请记住。。。。此代码在调试期间不起作用！！！以字符串Roentry开头的代码行。。。调用Process.GetCurrentProcess以获取当前进程的ID

---

在调试我的加载项中的某些功能时（使用MME），我调用了一个需要当前IDE的方法。我用一个调用addin方法的ConsoleApp来测试这一点。在获取当前IDE时，currentprocess不是IDE，而是ConsoleApp.vshost.exe。因此，我的代码在调试过程中不起作用，但在构建加载项并安装此加载项后确实起作用。

我觉得以下几点令人不安，因此我解决了这些问题并找到了适合我的解决方案：

• GetActiveObject（“VisualStudio.DTE.10.0”）

  仅适用于第一个打开的（我想）VisualStudio
• Dennis答案中的

  内部静态DTE2 GetCurrent（）

  方法需要Visual Studio进程Id。如果您从加载项（我认为）运行代码，但在单元测试中不起作用，则可以使用该Id
• 调试模式中的问题

我还从GetCurrent方法开始，该方法取自。问题是，我不知道如何获取正确VisualStudio进程的ProcessId（通常有多个实例正在运行）。因此，我采取的方法是获取所有VisualStudio ROT条目及其DTE2，然后将DTE2.Solution.FullName与执行程序集位置进行比较（您看到更好的选择了吗？）。虽然我很乐意承认这不是非常精确的科学，但如果您没有非常特殊的输出路径配置，它应该可以工作。 然后，我发现在调试模式下运行代码并访问DTE2 COM对象时引发了以下异常：

System.Runtime.InteropServices.comeException:被调用方拒绝了调用。（来自HRESULT的异常：0x80010001（RPC调用被拒绝））

。不过，有一种补救办法叫做。为了完整起见，我在底部包含了代码

包含测试方法（用法示例）、调整后的

GetCurrent

方法和用于字符串比较的助手方法的测试类：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using EnvDTE80;
using EnvDTE;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;

[TestClass]
public class ProjectSettingsTest
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Tests that the platform for Mixed Platforms and Any CPU configurations 
    /// is Any CPU for all projects of this solution
    /// </summary>
    [TestMethod]
    public void TestReleaseBuildIsAnyCPU()
    {
        MessageFilter.Register();

        DTE2 dte2 = GetCurrent();
        Assert.IsNotNull(dte2);

        foreach (SolutionConfiguration2 config in dte2.Solution.SolutionBuild.SolutionConfigurations)
        {
            if (config.PlatformName.Contains("Mixed Platforms") || config.PlatformName.Contains("Any CPU"))
            {
                foreach (SolutionContext context in config.SolutionContexts)
                    Assert.AreEqual("Any CPU", context.PlatformName, string.Format("{0} is configured {1} in {2}/{3}", context.ProjectName, context.PlatformName, config.PlatformName, config.Name));
            }
        }

        MessageFilter.Revoke();
    }


    [DllImport("ole32.dll")]
    private static extern void CreateBindCtx(int reserved, out IBindCtx ppbc);
    [DllImport("ole32.dll")]
    private static extern void GetRunningObjectTable(int reserved, out IRunningObjectTable prot);

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets the current visual studio's solution DTE2
    /// </summary>
    public static DTE2 GetCurrent()
    {
        List<DTE2> dte2s = new List<DTE2>();

        IRunningObjectTable rot;
        GetRunningObjectTable(0, out rot);
        IEnumMoniker enumMoniker;
        rot.EnumRunning(out enumMoniker);
        enumMoniker.Reset();
        IntPtr fetched = IntPtr.Zero;
        IMoniker[] moniker = new IMoniker[1];
        while (enumMoniker.Next(1, moniker, fetched) == 0)
        {
            IBindCtx bindCtx;
            CreateBindCtx(0, out bindCtx);
            string displayName;
            moniker[0].GetDisplayName(bindCtx, null, out displayName);
            // add all VisualStudio ROT entries to list
            if (displayName.StartsWith("!VisualStudio"))
            {
                object comObject;
                rot.GetObject(moniker[0], out comObject);
                dte2s.Add((DTE2)comObject);
            }
        }

        // get path of the executing assembly (assembly that holds this code) - you may need to adapt that to your setup
        string thisPath = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;

        // compare dte solution paths to find best match
        KeyValuePair<DTE2, int> maxMatch = new KeyValuePair<DTE2, int>(null, 0);
        foreach (DTE2 dte2 in dte2s)
        {
            int matching = GetMatchingCharsFromStart(thisPath, dte2.Solution.FullName);
            if (matching > maxMatch.Value)
                maxMatch = new KeyValuePair<DTE2, int>(dte2, matching);
        }

        return (DTE2)maxMatch.Key;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets index of first non-equal char for two strings
    /// Not case sensitive.
    /// </summary>
    private static int GetMatchingCharsFromStart(string a, string b)
    {
        a = (a ?? string.Empty).ToLower();
        b = (b ?? string.Empty).ToLower();
        int matching = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < Math.Min(a.Length, b.Length); i++)
        {
            if (!char.Equals(a[i], b[i]))
                break;

            matching++;
        }
        return matching;
    }
}

使用系统；
使用System.Collections.Generic；
使用Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting；
使用EnvDTE80；
使用EnvDTE；
使用System.Runtime.InteropServices；
使用System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes；
[测试类]
公共类项目设置测试
{
/// 
///测试该平台是否支持混合平台和任何CPU配置
///此解决方案的所有项目是否都有CPU
/// 
[测试方法]
public void TestReleaseBuildIsAnyCPU（）
{
MessageFilter.Register（）；
DTE2 DTE2=GetCurrent（）；
Assert.IsNotNull（dte2）；
foreach（dte2.Solution.SolutionBuild.SolutionConfigurations中的SolutionConfiguration2配置）
{
if（config.PlatformName.Contains（“混合平台”）| | config.PlatformName.Contains（“任何CPU”））
{
foreach（config.SolutionContext中的SolutionContext上下文）
Assert.AreEqual（“任何CPU”，context.PlatformName，string.Format（“{0}在{2}/{3}中配置了{1}”，context.ProjectName，context.PlatformName，config.PlatformName，config.Name））；
}
}
MessageFilter.Revoke（）；
}
[DllImport（“ole32.dll”）]
私有静态外部void CreateBindCtx（int保留，out IBindCtx ppbc）；
[DllImport（“ole32.dll”）]
私有静态外部void GetRunningObjectTable（保留int，输出IRunningObjectTable prot）；
/// 
///获取当前visual studio的解决方案DTE2
/// 
公共静态DTE2 GetCurrent（）
{
列表dte2s=新列表（）；
IRunningObjectTable rot；
GetRunningObjectTable（0，out rot）；
IEnumMoniker enumMoniker；
rot.EnumRunning（超出enumMoniker）；
enumMoniker.Reset（）；
IntPtr fetched=IntPtr.Zero；
IMoniker[]名字=新IMoniker[1]；
while（EnumMonike.Next（1，名字对象，获取）==0）
{
IBindCtx-bindCtx；
CreateBindCtx（0，out bindCtx）；
字符串显示名；
名字对象[0]。GetDisplayName（bindCtx，null，out displayName）；
//将所有VisualStudio ROT条目添加到列表中
if（displayName.StartsWith（“！VisualStudio”））
{
对象与对象；
rot.GetObject（名字对象[0]，out-comObject）；
添加（（DTE2）comObject）；
}
}
//获取执行程序集（保存此代码的程序集）的路径-您可能需要根据您的设置调整该路径
字符串thisPath=System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutionGassembly（）.Location；
//比较dte解决方案路径以找到最佳匹配
KeyValuePair maxMatch=新的KeyValuePair（null，0）；
foreach（DTE2中的DTE2）
{
int matching=GetMatchingCharsFromStart（此路径为dte2.Solution.FullName）；
如果（匹配>最大匹配值）
maxMatch=新的KeyValuePair（dte2，匹配）；
}
返回（DTE2）maxMatch.Key；
}
/// 
///获取两个字符串的第一个不相等字符的索引
///N
var dte = CurrentIde.GetCurrent();
var sol = dte.Solution;

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using EnvDTE80;
using EnvDTE;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;

[TestClass]
public class ProjectSettingsTest
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Tests that the platform for Mixed Platforms and Any CPU configurations 
    /// is Any CPU for all projects of this solution
    /// </summary>
    [TestMethod]
    public void TestReleaseBuildIsAnyCPU()
    {
        MessageFilter.Register();

        DTE2 dte2 = GetCurrent();
        Assert.IsNotNull(dte2);

        foreach (SolutionConfiguration2 config in dte2.Solution.SolutionBuild.SolutionConfigurations)
        {
            if (config.PlatformName.Contains("Mixed Platforms") || config.PlatformName.Contains("Any CPU"))
            {
                foreach (SolutionContext context in config.SolutionContexts)
                    Assert.AreEqual("Any CPU", context.PlatformName, string.Format("{0} is configured {1} in {2}/{3}", context.ProjectName, context.PlatformName, config.PlatformName, config.Name));
            }
        }

        MessageFilter.Revoke();
    }


    [DllImport("ole32.dll")]
    private static extern void CreateBindCtx(int reserved, out IBindCtx ppbc);
    [DllImport("ole32.dll")]
    private static extern void GetRunningObjectTable(int reserved, out IRunningObjectTable prot);

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets the current visual studio's solution DTE2
    /// </summary>
    public static DTE2 GetCurrent()
    {
        List<DTE2> dte2s = new List<DTE2>();

        IRunningObjectTable rot;
        GetRunningObjectTable(0, out rot);
        IEnumMoniker enumMoniker;
        rot.EnumRunning(out enumMoniker);
        enumMoniker.Reset();
        IntPtr fetched = IntPtr.Zero;
        IMoniker[] moniker = new IMoniker[1];
        while (enumMoniker.Next(1, moniker, fetched) == 0)
        {
            IBindCtx bindCtx;
            CreateBindCtx(0, out bindCtx);
            string displayName;
            moniker[0].GetDisplayName(bindCtx, null, out displayName);
            // add all VisualStudio ROT entries to list
            if (displayName.StartsWith("!VisualStudio"))
            {
                object comObject;
                rot.GetObject(moniker[0], out comObject);
                dte2s.Add((DTE2)comObject);
            }
        }

        // get path of the executing assembly (assembly that holds this code) - you may need to adapt that to your setup
        string thisPath = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;

        // compare dte solution paths to find best match
        KeyValuePair<DTE2, int> maxMatch = new KeyValuePair<DTE2, int>(null, 0);
        foreach (DTE2 dte2 in dte2s)
        {
            int matching = GetMatchingCharsFromStart(thisPath, dte2.Solution.FullName);
            if (matching > maxMatch.Value)
                maxMatch = new KeyValuePair<DTE2, int>(dte2, matching);
        }

        return (DTE2)maxMatch.Key;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets index of first non-equal char for two strings
    /// Not case sensitive.
    /// </summary>
    private static int GetMatchingCharsFromStart(string a, string b)
    {
        a = (a ?? string.Empty).ToLower();
        b = (b ?? string.Empty).ToLower();
        int matching = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < Math.Min(a.Length, b.Length); i++)
        {
            if (!char.Equals(a[i], b[i]))
                break;

            matching++;
        }
        return matching;
    }
}

/// <summary>
/// Class containing the IOleMessageFilter
/// thread error-handling functions.
/// </summary>
public class MessageFilter : IOleMessageFilter
{
    // Start the filter.
    public static void Register()
    {
        IOleMessageFilter newFilter = new MessageFilter();
        IOleMessageFilter oldFilter = null;
        CoRegisterMessageFilter(newFilter, out oldFilter);
    }

    // Done with the filter, close it.
    public static void Revoke()
    {
        IOleMessageFilter oldFilter = null;
        CoRegisterMessageFilter(null, out oldFilter);
    }

    //
    // IOleMessageFilter functions.
    // Handle incoming thread requests.
    int IOleMessageFilter.HandleInComingCall(int dwCallType, System.IntPtr hTaskCaller, int dwTickCount, System.IntPtr lpInterfaceInfo)
    {
        return 0; //Return the flag SERVERCALL_ISHANDLED.
    }

    // Thread call was rejected, so try again.
    int IOleMessageFilter.RetryRejectedCall(System.IntPtr hTaskCallee, int dwTickCount, int dwRejectType)
    {
        if (dwRejectType == 2)
        // flag = SERVERCALL_RETRYLATER.
        {
            return 99; // Retry the thread call immediately if return >=0 & <100.
        }
        return -1; // Too busy; cancel call.
    }

    int IOleMessageFilter.MessagePending(System.IntPtr hTaskCallee, int dwTickCount, int dwPendingType)
    {
        //Return the flag PENDINGMSG_WAITDEFPROCESS.
        return 2;
    }

    // Implement the IOleMessageFilter interface.
    [DllImport("Ole32.dll")]
    private static extern int CoRegisterMessageFilter(IOleMessageFilter newFilter, out IOleMessageFilter oldFilter);
}

[ComImport(), Guid("00000016-0000-0000-C000-000000000046"),
InterfaceTypeAttribute(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
interface IOleMessageFilter
{
    [PreserveSig]
    int HandleInComingCall(int dwCallType, IntPtr hTaskCaller, int dwTickCount, IntPtr lpInterfaceInfo);
    [PreserveSig]
    int RetryRejectedCall(IntPtr hTaskCallee, int dwTickCount, int dwRejectType);
    [PreserveSig]
    int MessagePending(IntPtr hTaskCallee, int dwTickCount, int dwPendingType);
}

string processID = Process.GetCurrentProcess().Id.ToString();
if (displayName.StartsWith("!VisualStudio.DTE.", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
        displayName.EndsWith(processID))

open System;
open System.Runtime.InteropServices;
open System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;
open EnvDTE;
open System.Diagnostics;
//http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10864595/getting-the-current-envdte-or-iserviceprovider-when-not-coding-an-addin

//http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6558789/how-to-convert-out-ref-extern-parameters-to-f
//http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1689460/f-syntax-for-p-invoke-signature-using-marshalas

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("ole32.dll")>] 
extern int CreateBindCtx(System.IntPtr inRef, IBindCtx& outParentRef);
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("ole32.dll")>]
extern int GetRunningObjectTable(System.IntPtr inRef, IRunningObjectTable& outParentRef);
//let dte = System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.GetActiveObject("VisualStudio.DTE.12.0") :?> EnvDTE80.DTE2
let comName="VisualStudio.DTE.12.0"
let rotEntry = "!"+comName
//let mutable rot:IRunningObjectTable =null

let rot=
    let mutable result:IRunningObjectTable = null
    GetRunningObjectTable(nativeint 0, &result) |> ignore
    result


let mutable enumMoniker:IEnumMoniker = null
rot.EnumRunning (&enumMoniker) 
enumMoniker.Reset() |> ignore
let mutable fetched = IntPtr.Zero
let mutable moniker:IMoniker[] = Array.zeroCreate 1 //http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd233214.aspx

let matches = seq {
    while enumMoniker.Next(1, moniker, fetched) = 0 do
        "looping" |> Dump
        let mutable bindCtx:IBindCtx = null
        CreateBindCtx(nativeint 0, &bindCtx) |> ignore
        let mutable displayName:string = null
        moniker.[0].GetDisplayName(bindCtx,null, &displayName)
        displayName |> Dump
        if displayName.StartsWith(rotEntry) then
            let mutable comObject = null
            rot.GetObject(moniker.[0], &comObject) |> ignore
            let dte =  comObject:?>EnvDTE80.DTE2
            yield displayName,bindCtx,comObject,dte.FullName, dte
}
matches |> Dump

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;
using EnvDTE80;

namespace Fortrus.Metadata
{
    /// <summary>
    /// This class takes care of fetching the correct DTE instance for the current process
    /// The current implementation works it way down from Visual Studio version 20 to 10 so
    /// it should be farely version independent
    /// </summary>
    public static class Processes
    {
        [DllImport("ole32.dll")]
        private static extern void CreateBindCtx(int reserved, out IBindCtx ppbc);
        [DllImport("ole32.dll")]
        private static extern void GetRunningObjectTable(int reserved, out IRunningObjectTable prot);

        private const int m_MaxVersion = 20;
        private const int m_MinVersion = 10;

        internal static DTE2 GetDTE()
        {
            DTE2 dte = null;

            for (int version = m_MaxVersion; version >= m_MinVersion; version--)
            {
                string versionString = string.Format("VisualStudio.DTE.{0}.0", version);

                dte = Processes.GetCurrent(versionString);

                if (dte != null)
                {
                    return dte;
                }
            }

            throw new Exception(string.Format("Can not get DTE object tried versions {0} through {1}", m_MaxVersion, m_MinVersion));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// When multiple instances of Visual Studio are running there also multiple DTE available
        /// The method below takes care of selecting the right DTE for the current process
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Found this at: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4724381/get-the-reference-of-the-dte2-object-in-visual-c-sharp-2010/27057854#27057854
        /// </remarks>
        private static DTE2 GetCurrent(string versionString)
        {
            //rot entry for visual studio running under current process.
            string rotEntry = String.Format("!{0}:{1}", versionString, Process.GetCurrentProcess().Id);

            IRunningObjectTable rot;
            GetRunningObjectTable(0, out rot);

            IEnumMoniker enumMoniker;
            rot.EnumRunning(out enumMoniker);
            enumMoniker.Reset();

            IntPtr fetched = IntPtr.Zero;
            IMoniker[] moniker = new IMoniker[1];

            while (enumMoniker.Next(1, moniker, fetched) == 0)
            {
                IBindCtx bindCtx;
                CreateBindCtx(0, out bindCtx);
                string displayName;
                moniker[0].GetDisplayName(bindCtx, null, out displayName);

                if (displayName == rotEntry)
                {
                    object comObject;

                    rot.GetObject(moniker[0], out comObject);

                    return (EnvDTE80.DTE2)comObject;
                }
            }

            return null;
        }
    }
}