从数据库/模型中删除对象时,如何让Django Admin删除文件?
我将1.2.5与标准ImageField一起使用,并使用内置的存储后端。文件上传很好,但当我从管理员中删除条目时,服务器上的实际文件不会被删除。此功能将在Django 1.3中删除,因此我不会依赖它 您可以覆盖相关模型的从数据库/模型中删除对象时,如何让Django Admin删除文件?,django,file,storage,django-models,imagefield,Django,File,Storage,Django Models,Imagefield,我将1.2.5与标准ImageField一起使用,并使用内置的存储后端。文件上传很好,但当我从管理员中删除条目时,服务器上的实际文件不会被删除。此功能将在Django 1.3中删除,因此我不会依赖它 您可以覆盖相关模型的delete方法,以便在从数据库中完全删除条目之前删除文件 编辑: 下面是一个简单的例子 class MyModel(models.Model): self.somefile = models.FileField(...) def delete(self, *
delete
方法,以便在从数据库中完全删除条目之前删除文件
编辑:
下面是一个简单的例子
class MyModel(models.Model):
self.somefile = models.FileField(...)
def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
somefile.delete()
super(MyModel, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
可以考虑使用Pyl删除或POST删除信号:
当然,删除FileField自动删除的相同原因也适用于此处。如果删除在其他地方引用的文件,则会出现问题 在我的情况下,这似乎是合适的,因为我有一个专用的文件模型来管理我的所有文件注意:由于某些原因,post_delete似乎无法正常工作。文件被删除了,但数据库记录保留了下来,这与我所期望的完全相反,即使在出错的情况下也是如此。pre_delete工作正常。这段代码在Django 1.4上运行良好,还带有管理面板
class ImageModel(models.Model):
image = ImageField(...)
def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
# You have to prepare what you need before delete the model
storage, path = self.image.storage, self.image.path
# Delete the model before the file
super(ImageModel, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
# Delete the file after the model
storage.delete(path)
在删除模型之前获取存储和路径很重要,否则如果删除模型,后者也将保持无效。您可以收到
pre\u delete
或post\u delete
信号(请参见下面的@toto\u tico注释)并调用FileField对象上的方法,因此(在models.py中):
我可能有一个特殊的情况,因为我在我的文件字段中使用带有动态目录名的upload_to选项,但我找到的解决方案是使用os.rmdir 在模型中:
import os
确保在文件前写“self”。所以上面的例子应该是
def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.somefile.delete()
super(MyModel, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
我忘记了文件之前的“self”,它在全局名称空间中查找时无法工作。Django 1.5解决方案:我使用post_delete的原因有很多,这些都是我应用程序内部的原因
from django.db.models.signals import post_delete
from django.dispatch import receiver
@receiver(post_delete, sender=Photo)
def photo_post_delete_handler(sender, **kwargs):
photo = kwargs['instance']
storage, path = photo.original_image.storage, photo.original_image.path
storage.delete(path)
我把这个贴在models.py文件的底部
original\u image
字段是我的Photo
模型中的ImageField
。可能有点晚了。但对我来说最简单的方法是使用post_保存信号。请记住,即使在QuerySet删除过程中,信号也会被排除,但是[model].delete()方法在QuerySet删除过程中不会被排除,因此它不是覆盖它的最佳选项
core/models.py:
class MyModel(models.Model):
file = models.FileField()
...
# Receive the pre_delete signal and delete the file associated with the model instance.
from django.db.models.signals import pre_delete
from django.dispatch.dispatcher import receiver
@receiver(pre_delete, sender=MyModel)
def mymodel_delete(sender, instance, **kwargs):
# Pass false so FileField doesn't save the model.
instance.file.delete(False)
from django.db import models
from django.db.models.signals import post_delete
from core.signals import delete_image_slide
SLIDE1_IMGS = 'slide1_imgs/'
class Slide1(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length = 200)
description = models.CharField(max_length = 200)
image = models.ImageField(upload_to = SLIDE1_IMGS, null = True, blank = True)
video_embed = models.TextField(null = True, blank = True)
enabled = models.BooleanField(default = True)
"""---------------------------- SLIDE 1 -------------------------------------"""
post_delete.connect(delete_image_slide, Slide1)
"""--------------------------------------------------------------------------"""
core/signals.py
import os
def delete_image_slide(sender, **kwargs):
slide = kwargs.get('instance')
try:
os.remove(slide.image.path)
except:
pass
使用post_delete肯定是正确的方法。虽然有时事情会出错,文件不会被删除。当然,在使用post_delete之前,有一堆旧文件没有被删除。我创建了一个函数,可以根据对象引用的文件删除对象的文件。如果对象引用的文件不存在,则删除对象。如果文件没有对象,则还可以删除,还可以根据对象的“活动”标志删除。。我在大多数模型中添加了一些东西。必须向其传递要检查的对象、对象文件的路径、文件字段和删除非活动对象的标志:
def cleanup_model_objects(m_objects, model_path, file_field='image', clear_inactive=False):
# PART 1 ------------------------- INVALID OBJECTS
#Creates photo_file list based on photo path, takes all files there
model_path_list = os.listdir(model_path)
#Gets photo image path for each photo object
model_files = list()
invalid_files = list()
valid_files = list()
for obj in m_objects:
exec("f = ntpath.basename(obj." + file_field + ".path)") # select the appropriate file/image field
model_files.append(f) # Checks for valid and invalid objects (using file path)
if f not in model_path_list:
invalid_files.append(f)
obj.delete()
else:
valid_files.append(f)
print "Total objects", len(model_files)
print "Valid objects:", len(valid_files)
print "Objects without file deleted:", len(invalid_files)
# PART 2 ------------------------- INVALID FILES
print "Files in model file path:", len(model_path_list)
#Checks for valid and invalid files
invalid_files = list()
valid_files = list()
for f in model_path_list:
if f not in model_files:
invalid_files.append(f)
else:
valid_files.append(f)
print "Valid files:", len(valid_files)
print "Files without model object to delete:", len(invalid_files)
for f in invalid_files:
os.unlink(os.path.join(model_path, f))
# PART 3 ------------------------- INACTIVE PHOTOS
if clear_inactive:
#inactive_photos = Photo.objects.filter(active=False)
inactive_objects = m_objects.filter(active=False)
print "Inactive Objects to Delete:", inactive_objects.count()
for obj in inactive_objects:
obj.delete()
print "Done cleaning model."
以下是您可以使用的方法:
photos = Photo.objects.all()
photos_path, tail = ntpath.split(photos[0].image.path) # Gets dir of photos path, this may be different for you
print "Photos -------------->"
cleanup_model_objects(photos, photos_path, file_field='image', clear_inactive=False) # image file is default
试一试
设置.py
INSTALLED_APPS = (
...
'django_cleanup', # should go after your apps
)
您需要在
删除和更新上删除实际文件
from django.db import models
class MyImageModel(models.Model):
image = models.ImageField(upload_to='images')
def remove_on_image_update(self):
try:
# is the object in the database yet?
obj = MyImageModel.objects.get(id=self.id)
except MyImageModel.DoesNotExist:
# object is not in db, nothing to worry about
return
# is the save due to an update of the actual image file?
if obj.image and self.image and obj.image != self.image:
# delete the old image file from the storage in favor of the new file
obj.image.delete()
def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
# object is being removed from db, remove the file from storage first
self.image.delete()
return super(MyImageModel, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
# object is possibly being updated, if so, clean up.
self.remove_on_image_update()
return super(MyImageModel, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
如果您的项目中已存在大量未使用的文件,并且希望删除这些文件,则可以使用django实用程序django 2.x解决方案:
没有必要安装任何软件包!在Django 2中处理它非常容易。我尝试了使用Django 2和SFTP存储的以下解决方案(但我认为它可以与任何存储一起使用)
首先写一封信。因此,如果您希望能够使用对象
方法删除模型的文件,则必须编写并使用[Custom Manager][3](用于覆盖对象
的删除()
方法):
现在,您必须先删除图像
,然后再删除模型本身,要将CustomManager
分配给模型,您必须在模型内初始化对象
:
class MyModel(models.Model):
image = models.ImageField(upload_to='/pictures/', blank=True)
objects = CustomManager() # add CustomManager to model
def delete(self, using=None, keep_parents=False):
objects = CustomManager() # just add this line of code inside of your model
def delete(self, using=None, keep_parents=False):
self.image.storage.delete(self.song.name)
super().delete()
嗯,实际上应该是这样。检查上传文件夹的文件权限(更改为0777)。Django删除了自动删除功能(针对看到上述评论的Google用户)。您有没有示例说明如何在模型中使用该功能来删除文件?我正在查看文档,看到了如何从数据库中删除对象的示例,但没有看到任何关于文件删除的实现。这种方法是错误的,因为它不适用于批量删除(如管理员的“删除选定项”功能)。例如MyModel.objects.all()[0].delete()
将删除该文件,而MyModel.objects.all().delete()
将不删除该文件。使用signals.allypost\u delete
可能不起作用,因为file\u field.delete()
默认情况下会将模型保存到db,请尝试file\u field.delete(False)
这对我不起作用(Django 1.5),Django 1.3变更日志声明:“在Django 1.3中,删除模型时,文件字段的delete()方法不会被调用。如果需要清理孤立文件,则需要自己处理(例如,使用自定义管理命令,该命令可以手动运行,也可以通过cron定期运行)。“此解决方案错误<代码>删除
在删除行时并不总是被调用,您必须使用信号。请确保添加一个检查,如果实例.file
字段不为空,或者它可以(至少尝试)删除整个媒体根目录。这甚至适用于ImageField(null=False)
fields。谢谢。一般来说,我建议使用post_delete
信号,因为无论出于何种原因,删除失败都会更加安全。然后,模型和文件都不会被删除,从而保持数据的一致性。如果我对post\u delete
和pre\u delete
sig的理解有误,请纠正我
from django.db import models
class MyImageModel(models.Model):
image = models.ImageField(upload_to='images')
def remove_on_image_update(self):
try:
# is the object in the database yet?
obj = MyImageModel.objects.get(id=self.id)
except MyImageModel.DoesNotExist:
# object is not in db, nothing to worry about
return
# is the save due to an update of the actual image file?
if obj.image and self.image and obj.image != self.image:
# delete the old image file from the storage in favor of the new file
obj.image.delete()
def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
# object is being removed from db, remove the file from storage first
self.image.delete()
return super(MyImageModel, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
# object is possibly being updated, if so, clean up.
self.remove_on_image_update()
return super(MyImageModel, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
class CustomManager(models.Manager):
def delete(self):
for obj in self.get_queryset():
obj.delete()
class MyModel(models.Model):
image = models.ImageField(upload_to='/pictures/', blank=True)
objects = CustomManager() # add CustomManager to model
def delete(self, using=None, keep_parents=False):
objects = CustomManager() # just add this line of code inside of your model
def delete(self, using=None, keep_parents=False):
self.image.storage.delete(self.song.name)
super().delete()