Can'；t在Django中添加外键

我正在使用django制作一个不带restframework的API。 我无法通过POST请求添加数据。添加所有数据，但外键除外，外键是联系人号码它可以添加一个或多个联系人号码

视图.py

@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def phonebook_list(request):

    if request.method == 'GET':
        phonebooklist = PhoneBook.objects.all()
        serialized_data = [pb.to_json() for pb in phonebooklist]
        return JsonResponse(serialized_data, safe=False)
    elif request.method == 'POST':
            data= request.body.decode('utf8')
            data= json.loads(data)
            try:
                new_contact=PhoneBook(name=data["name"],
                address=data["address"],
                email=data["email"],
                note=data["note"])
                new_contact.save()

                new_contact_number=ContactNumber(
                contact_number=data["contact_number"], #No Contact Numbers Added # It should add one or more contact numbers
                number_id=data[PhoneBook.id] #It should add the contact number/s to the contact name added together
                )
                contact_number.save()

                return JsonResponse({"created": data}, safe= False)
            except:
                return JsonResponse({"error":"not valid data"}, safe=False)

class PhoneBook(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default='address')
    email = models.CharField(max_length=50, default='email')
    note = models.CharField(max_length=100, default='note')

    def to_json(self):

        contact_numbers = [c.contact_number
                     for c in self.contact_numbers.all()]
        return { 
            'name':            self.name, 
            'email':           self.email, 
            'address':         self.address,
            'note':            self.note,
            'contact_numbers': contact_numbers
         }

    def __str__(self):  
        return self.name

class ContactNumber(models.Model):  
    number = models.ForeignKey(PhoneBook, related_name="contact_numbers")
    contact_number= models.CharField(max_length=30)

    def __str__(self):  
        return self.contact_number

型号.py

@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def phonebook_list(request):

    if request.method == 'GET':
        phonebooklist = PhoneBook.objects.all()
        serialized_data = [pb.to_json() for pb in phonebooklist]
        return JsonResponse(serialized_data, safe=False)
    elif request.method == 'POST':
            data= request.body.decode('utf8')
            data= json.loads(data)
            try:
                new_contact=PhoneBook(name=data["name"],
                address=data["address"],
                email=data["email"],
                note=data["note"])
                new_contact.save()

                new_contact_number=ContactNumber(
                contact_number=data["contact_number"], #No Contact Numbers Added # It should add one or more contact numbers
                number_id=data[PhoneBook.id] #It should add the contact number/s to the contact name added together
                )
                contact_number.save()

                return JsonResponse({"created": data}, safe= False)
            except:
                return JsonResponse({"error":"not valid data"}, safe=False)

class PhoneBook(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default='address')
    email = models.CharField(max_length=50, default='email')
    note = models.CharField(max_length=100, default='note')

    def to_json(self):

        contact_numbers = [c.contact_number
                     for c in self.contact_numbers.all()]
        return { 
            'name':            self.name, 
            'email':           self.email, 
            'address':         self.address,
            'note':            self.note,
            'contact_numbers': contact_numbers
         }

    def __str__(self):  
        return self.name

class ContactNumber(models.Model):  
    number = models.ForeignKey(PhoneBook, related_name="contact_numbers")
    contact_number= models.CharField(max_length=30)

    def __str__(self):  
        return self.contact_number

这是我在postman中添加了一些数据后得出的结果 第一个是正确的数据，第二个是我输入的错误数据

数据库表： 联系人号码表： 电话簿表：

---

您最好学习如何在Django中保存外键，此示例将对您有所帮助。

您还可以了解django如何处理模型中的默认id

在您的情况下，ForeignKey列是

number

，保存您刚刚创建的新合同对象，而不是保存id

new_contact_number=ContactNumber(
                    contact_number=data["contact_number"],
                    number=new_contact)
new_contact_number.save()

试试这个答案，

@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def phonebook_list(request):
    #your code
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        data = request.body.decode('utf8')
        data = json.loads(data)
        try:
            new_contact = PhoneBook.objects.create(name=data["name"],address=data["address"],email=data["email"],note=data["note"])
            ContactNumber.objects.create(contact_number=data["contact_number"],number=new_contact)
            serialized_data = [new_contact.to_json()]
            return JsonResponse({"created": serialized_data}, safe=False)
        except:
            return JsonResponse({"error": "not valid data"}, safe=False)

更新-1
更改您的视图，如下所示，

def phonebook_list(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        phonebooklist = PhoneBook.objects.all()
        serialized_data = [pb.to_json() for pb in phonebooklist]
        return JsonResponse(serialized_data, safe=False)
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        data = request.body.decode('utf8')
        data = json.loads(data)

        try:
            new_contact = PhoneBook.objects.create(name=data["name"], address=data["address"], email=data["email"], note=data["note"])
            for number in data["contact_numbers"]:
                ContactNumber.objects.create(contact_number=number, number=new_contact)
            serialized_data = [new_contact.to_json()]
            return JsonResponse({"created": serialized_data}, safe=False)
        except:
            return JsonResponse({"error": "not valid data"}, safe=False)

然后

POST有效负载将如下所示，

{
        "name": "George",
        "email": "zxc1@gmail.com",
        "address": "address-32",
        "note": "note-77",
        "contact_numbers": [
            "11",
            "22",
            "33",
            "44"
        ]
    }



通过此格式，您可以一次添加电话号码的号码。
n
视图响应可能类似于

[
    {
        "name": "Jerin",
        "email": "email1@gmail.com",
        "address": "address-1",
        "note": "note-1",
        "contact_numbers": [
            "123654",
            "136285452"
        ]
    },
    {
        "name": "Peter",
        "email": "email@gmail.com",
        "address": "address-2",
        "note": "note11",
        "contact_numbers": [
            "789654"
        ]
    },
    {
        "name": "George",
        "email": "zxc1@gmail.com",
        "address": "address-32",
        "note": "note-77",
        "contact_numbers": [
            "11",
            "22",
            "33",
            "44"
        ]
    }
]


对象中是否只有联系人号码？还是联系人的身份证？正如我在上面介绍的数据库表中所示。@ajiejot django将帮助您自动创建contact.id，因此您不必关心它，除非您需要设置特殊的id列。现在，我忘了在contact_number=data[“contact_number”]上添加字母
s
。非常感谢你。但是我使用添加新创建联系人的新id。联系人号码仍然是空的，我在ContactNumber.objects.create的行下放置了print，但没有响应，因此在ContactNumber上创建对象可能有错误。现在可以工作了，我忘了在ContactNumber=数据[“contact\U number”]上添加字母
s
。非常感谢你。但是我的联系电话格式不对。这很奇怪，看看联系人号码列表
{“name”：“Alvin”，“email”：qwe@gmail.com“，”地址“：”Col“，”备注“：”noting“，”contact_number“：[”[“['123456'，'1234567']]”]}
但是当我手动添加到管理页面时，完全没有问题。。。我不明白问题出在哪里。。C