Java 为什么我使用Spring集成/JtaTransactionManager看到多个事务

我正在从事一个使用Spring集成框架和atomikos构建的分布式事务项目。最近，我们一直在尝试运行集成测试，以验证消息是否正确地通过系统发送。在执行其中一个集成测试时，我注意到我们收到10条日志消息，指示正在创建一个新事务，10条日志消息指示事务提交

每次消息从通道传递到端点时，Spring都会创建新事务吗？反之亦然？

下面的代码接受消息驱动通道适配器上的消息（使用transactionManager）并发送到路由器。然后路由器将消息发送到包含转换器、服务激活器（带有retryAdvice）和出站消息适配器的链

好的，我应该看到当我们的消息驱动通道适配器从队列接收消息时创建了一个事务，然后在完成处理消息时提交。所以我想总共会有3笔交易。一个来自在测试中发送消息，一个来自入站适配器，另一个来自在测试中接收消息

来自spring datasource.xml

<bean id="transactionManager"
      class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager">
    <property name="transactionManager" ref="AtomikosTransactionManager" />
    <property name="userTransaction" ref="AtomikosUserTransaction" />
</bean>

<jms:message-driven-channel-adapter
        id="inventoryQueue_inbound_adapter"
        destination-name="queue.inventory"
        channel="InventoryRouterChannel"
        error-channel="inventoryErrorChannel"
        transaction-manager="transactionManager"
        acknowledge="transacted"/>

<integration:router input-channel="InventoryRouterChannel">
    <bean class="com.inventory.InventoryRouter"/>
</integration:router>

<integration:chain input-channel="rxAddToCountWell">
    <integration:json-to-object-transformer type="com.events.RxAddToCountWell"/>
    <integration:service-activator ref="addToCountWellHandler" method="formatCountwellMessage">
        <integration:request-handler-advice-chain>
            <ref bean="retryAdvice"/>
        </integration:request-handler-advice-chain>
    </integration:service-activator>
    <jms:outbound-channel-adapter destination-name="OUTBOUND.QUEUE"/>
</integration:chain>

<bean id="retryAdvice" class="org.springframework.integration.handler.advice.RequestHandlerRetryAdvice">
    <property name="recoveryCallback">
        <bean class="org.springframework.integration.handler.advice.ErrorMessageSendingRecoverer">
            <constructor-arg ref="inventoryErrorChannel"/>
        </bean>
    </property>
    <property name="retryTemplate">
        <bean class="org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate">
            <property name="retryPolicy">
                <bean class="org.springframework.retry.policy.SimpleRetryPolicy">
                    <property name="maxAttempts" value="2"/>
                </bean>
            </property>
            <property name="backOffPolicy">
                <bean class="org.springframework.retry.backoff.ExponentialBackOffPolicy">
                    <property name="initialInterval" value="1000"/>
                    <property name="multiplier" value="2"/>
                </bean>
            </property>
        </bean>
    </property>
</bean>

日志

2014-04-08 13:55:35,018 [INFO ] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Using JTA UserTransaction: com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionImp@188c838 (org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager.checkUserTransactionAndTransactionManager(JtaTransactionManager.java:471))
2014-04-08 13:55:35,019 [INFO ] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Using JTA TransactionManager: com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionManager@111089b (org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager.checkUserTransactionAndTransactionManager(JtaTransactionManager.java:482))
2014-04-08 13:55:36,172 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#2]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:36,171 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#0]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:36,172 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#4]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:36,172 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#3]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:36,171 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#1]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:37,619 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:37,631 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#2]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:38,656 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:38,658 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#0]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:39,667 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:39,670 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#4]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:40,705 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:40,706 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#1]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:40,748 [DEBUG] com.inventory.InventoryRouter - Routing jms_type: rxAddToCountWell (com.inventory.InventoryRouter.route(InventoryRouter.java:25))
2014-04-08 13:55:40,834 [DEBUG] org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate - Retry: count=0 (org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate.doExecute(RetryTemplate.java:251))
2014-04-08 13:55:40,835 [DEBUG] com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler - Entered formatCountwellMessage... (com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler.formatCountwellMessage(AddToCountWellHandler.java:31))
2014-04-08 13:55:41,179 [DEBUG] com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler - Leaving formatCountwellMessage (com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler.formatCountwellMessage(AddToCountWellHandler.java:38))
2014-04-08 13:55:41,190 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:41,193 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#3]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:43,396 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:44,406 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:45,422 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:46,448 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:47,453 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))

---

它与您的配置不匹配，但看起来您有5个侦听器线程（

\0..\4

）。其中4个执行无操作事务（无需接收消息），而

#3

处理消息。空闲线程必须在收到“万一”有消息之前启动事务

由于没有在这些线程上完成任何工作，提交应该是轻量级的；您可以增加接收超时以最小化这一点，但代价是关闭容器可能需要更长的时间（因为线程在JMS客户端库中被阻塞）

---

默认的

receiveTimeout

为1秒。

我已经确定发生了什么。当我加载测试上下文配置时，我正在加载一个文件，该文件导入了所有5个消息驱动通道适配器。正如Gary所说，每个空闲线程都必须启动一个事务。因此，适配器都启动了事务，但只有一个实际收到了消息

我发现修改测试上下文以只加载特定的适配器/路由只会导致使用单个线程

2014-04-08 17:16:38,322 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#0]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 17:16:38,492 [DEBUG] com.inventory.InventoryRouter - Routing jms_type: rxAddToCountWell (com.inventory.InventoryRouter.route(InventoryRouter.java:25))
2014-04-08 17:16:38,555 [DEBUG] org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate - Retry: count=0 (org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate.doExecute(RetryTemplate.java:251))
2014-04-08 17:16:38,595 [DEBUG] com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler - Entered formatCountwellMessage... (com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler.formatCountwellMessage(AddToCountWellHandler.java:31))
2014-04-08 17:16:42,198 [DEBUG] com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler - Leaving formatCountwellMessage (com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler.formatCountwellMessage(AddToCountWellHandler.java:38))
2014-04-08 17:16:42,205 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 17:16:42,210 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#0]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 17:16:43,219 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))

---

什么导致侦听器线程启动？你怎么知道#3处理信息？我想我知道它是什么！在测试中，我加载了整个spring上下文，其中还包含4个其他消息适配器，它们在我测试特定适配器+路由时处于空闲状态。

2014-04-08 13:55:35,018 [INFO ] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Using JTA UserTransaction: com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionImp@188c838 (org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager.checkUserTransactionAndTransactionManager(JtaTransactionManager.java:471))
2014-04-08 13:55:35,019 [INFO ] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Using JTA TransactionManager: com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionManager@111089b (org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager.checkUserTransactionAndTransactionManager(JtaTransactionManager.java:482))
2014-04-08 13:55:36,172 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#2]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:36,171 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#0]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:36,172 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#4]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:36,172 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#3]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:36,171 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#1]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:37,619 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:37,631 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#2]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:38,656 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:38,658 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#0]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:39,667 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:39,670 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#4]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:40,705 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:40,706 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#1]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:40,748 [DEBUG] com.inventory.InventoryRouter - Routing jms_type: rxAddToCountWell (com.inventory.InventoryRouter.route(InventoryRouter.java:25))
2014-04-08 13:55:40,834 [DEBUG] org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate - Retry: count=0 (org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate.doExecute(RetryTemplate.java:251))
2014-04-08 13:55:40,835 [DEBUG] com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler - Entered formatCountwellMessage... (com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler.formatCountwellMessage(AddToCountWellHandler.java:31))
2014-04-08 13:55:41,179 [DEBUG] com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler - Leaving formatCountwellMessage (com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler.formatCountwellMessage(AddToCountWellHandler.java:38))
2014-04-08 13:55:41,190 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:41,193 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#3]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 13:55:43,396 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:44,406 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:45,422 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:46,448 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 13:55:47,453 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))

2014-04-08 17:16:38,322 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#0]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 17:16:38,492 [DEBUG] com.inventory.InventoryRouter - Routing jms_type: rxAddToCountWell (com.inventory.InventoryRouter.route(InventoryRouter.java:25))
2014-04-08 17:16:38,555 [DEBUG] org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate - Retry: count=0 (org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate.doExecute(RetryTemplate.java:251))
2014-04-08 17:16:38,595 [DEBUG] com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler - Entered formatCountwellMessage... (com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler.formatCountwellMessage(AddToCountWellHandler.java:31))
2014-04-08 17:16:42,198 [DEBUG] com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler - Leaving formatCountwellMessage (com.inventory.AddToCountWellHandler.formatCountwellMessage(AddToCountWellHandler.java:38))
2014-04-08 17:16:42,205 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))
2014-04-08 17:16:42,210 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Creating new transaction with name [org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer#0]: PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:366))
2014-04-08 17:16:43,219 [DEBUG] org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager - Initiating transaction commit (org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:753))