Java 如何使用Kotlin中用于android开发的片段中的按钮？

我是android开发新手，在android studio中创建了一个新项目，在Kotlin中有一个底部导航活动。除了MainActivity.kt之外，还生成了dashboard、home和notifications片段及其ViewModels。当我在MainActivity类中处理按钮单击时，一切正常

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        val navView: BottomNavigationView = findViewById(R.id.nav_view)

        val navController = findNavController(R.id.nav_host_fragment)
        // Passing each menu ID as a set of Ids because each
        // menu should be considered as top level destinations.
        val appBarConfiguration = AppBarConfiguration(setOf(
                R.id.navigation_home, R.id.navigation_dashboard, R.id.navigation_notifications))
        setupActionBarWithNavController(navController, appBarConfiguration)
        navView.setupWithNavController(navController)

        //handle button click
        val temporary_button = findViewById<Button>(R.id.temporary_button)
        temporary_button.setOnClickListener{
            makeText(this, "You clicked the button", LENGTH_LONG).show()
        }
    }
}

我尝试使用如下函数：

class DashboardFragment : Fragment() {

    private lateinit var dashboardViewModel: DashboardViewModel

    override fun onCreateView(
        inflater: LayoutInflater,
        container: ViewGroup?,
        savedInstanceState: Bundle?
    ): View? {
        dashboardViewModel =
            ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(DashboardViewModel::class.java)
        val root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_dashboard, container, false)
        val textView: TextView = root.findViewById(R.id.text_dashboard)
        dashboardViewModel.text.observe(this, Observer {
            textView.text = it
        })

        return root
    }
    fun button2click (view: View){
        println("Button clicked")
    }

}

但是这种方式不起作用，当我点击按钮时应用程序崩溃

---

任何关于如何使用片段内部按钮的帮助都将被告知。

请尝试使用getView/view创建内部的onViewCreated，而不是onCreateView

e、 g:

片段中没有findViewById，通常在片段内部，您应该覆盖onCreateView方法，膨胀您自己的布局，并尝试从膨胀的视图中获取视图。例如：

@可空 @凌驾 公众观点onCreateView@NonNull布局扁平充气机、@Nullable ViewGroup容器、@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState{ 如果mContentView==null{ mContentView=inflater.inflater.layout.family\u fragment\u scene\u列表，容器，false； } type=getArguments.getIntARGS\u KEY\u type； adapter=newscenedaptergetcontext； //从mContentView获取视图 mSceneList=RecyclerView mContentView.findviewbydr.id.swipe\u目标； mSceneList.setLayoutManagerNewLinearLayoutManagerTargetContext； mSceneList.setAdapteradapter； 返回mContentView； }

---

这就是我最终的结果：

class DashboardFragment : Fragment() {

private lateinit var dashboardViewModel: DashboardViewModel

override fun onCreateView(
    inflater: LayoutInflater,
    container: ViewGroup?,
    savedInstanceState: Bundle?
): View? {
    dashboardViewModel =
        ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(DashboardViewModel::class.java)
    val root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_dashboard, container, false)
    val textView: TextView = root.findViewById(R.id.text_dashboard)
    dashboardViewModel.text.observe(this, Observer {
        textView.text = it
    })
    val button2 : Button = root.findViewById<Button>(R.id.temporary_button2)
    button2.setOnClickListener{
        println("clicked button 2")
        Toast.makeText(view?.context, "Button Clicked", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
    }
    return root
}

}

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_dashboard"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:textAlignment="center"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/temporary_button2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="192dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="248dp"
        android:onClick="button2click"
        android:text="Button2"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="1.0"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" />

class DashboardFragment : Fragment() {

    private lateinit var dashboardViewModel: DashboardViewModel

    override fun onCreateView(
        inflater: LayoutInflater,
        container: ViewGroup?,
        savedInstanceState: Bundle?
    ): View? {
        dashboardViewModel =
            ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(DashboardViewModel::class.java)
        val root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_dashboard, container, false)
        val textView: TextView = root.findViewById(R.id.text_dashboard)
        dashboardViewModel.text.observe(this, Observer {
            textView.text = it
        })

        return root
    }
    fun button2click (view: View){
        println("Button clicked")
    }

}

override fun onViewCreated(view: View?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
   val temporary_button = getView().findViewById<Button>(R.id.temporary_button2)
   temporary_button2.setOnClickListener{
   makeText(this, "You clicked the button", LENGTH_LONG).show()
   }
 }

class DashboardFragment : Fragment() {

private lateinit var dashboardViewModel: DashboardViewModel

override fun onCreateView(
    inflater: LayoutInflater,
    container: ViewGroup?,
    savedInstanceState: Bundle?
): View? {
    dashboardViewModel =
        ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(DashboardViewModel::class.java)
    val root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_dashboard, container, false)
    val textView: TextView = root.findViewById(R.id.text_dashboard)
    dashboardViewModel.text.observe(this, Observer {
        textView.text = it
    })
    val button2 : Button = root.findViewById<Button>(R.id.temporary_button2)
    button2.setOnClickListener{
        println("clicked button 2")
        Toast.makeText(view?.context, "Button Clicked", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
    }
    return root
}