Java Android：如何使用grantUriPermission创建并发送带有位图附件的电子邮件

在我的应用程序中，我试图创建一封电子邮件，其中包含位图对象中包含的图像

private void sendEmailWithBitmapAttached(){ 

    final Intent emailIntent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_SEND);
    emailIntent.setType("plain/text");
    emailIntent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Email Subject");
    emailIntent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Email Body");
    emailIntent.setType("image/png");
    ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();

    // insert the image and create a path
    String imageBitmapPath = MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(cr, bitmapForEmail,"title", "description");

    // create a uri
    Uri imageUri = Uri.parse(imageBitmapPath);
    emailIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
    emailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imageUri);

    // send the email
    startActivity(Intent.createChooser(emailIntent, "Send mail..."));
}

这在Android 2.3中运行良好

但使用更高版本时，会产生以下错误：

07-13 23:01:01.252: E/MediaStore(5194): Failed to insert image
 07-13 23:01:01.252: E/MediaStore(5194): java.lang.SecurityException: 
     Permission Denial: 
         writing com.android.providers.media.MediaProvider 
         uri content://media/external/images/media from 
             pid=5194, uid=10151 requires 
             android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, 
             or grantUriPermission()

因此，根据错误消息的建议，我尝试授予权限

grantUriPermission(String toPackage, Uri uri, int modeFlags)

但我不确定要把什么放在包或uri中

但是，我再次使用错误消息修改了代码，如下所示：

private void sendEmailWithBitmapAttached(){ 

    final Intent emailIntent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_SEND);
    emailIntent.setType("plain/text");
    emailIntent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Email Subject");
    emailIntent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Email Body");
    emailIntent.setType("image/png");
    ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();

    // create a Uri for the content provider suggested by the error message
    Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media");

    // create a package provider string suggested by the error messge.
    String provider = "com.android.providers.media.MediaProvider";


    // grant all three uri permissions!
    grantUriPermission(provider, uri, Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
    grantUriPermission(provider, uri, Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
    grantUriPermission(provider, uri, Intent.FLAG_GRANT_PERSISTABLE_URI_PERMISSION);

    // insert the image and create a path
    String imageBitmapPath = MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(cr, bitmapForEmail,"title", "description");

    // create a uri
    Uri imageUri = Uri.parse(imageBitmapPath);
    emailIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
    emailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imageUri);

    // send the email
    startActivity(Intent.createChooser(emailIntent, "Send mail..."));
}

我得到了完全相同的错误

一个善良的灵魂可以给我一个提示，如何照顾grantUriPermission的uri和提供者项目？这是正确的方法吗

---

非常感谢您提供的任何帮助、提示、指导或建议

尝试将其包含在您的AndroidManifest.xml中

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

在Android 6.0+上，用户必须向应用程序授予权限，否则将引发SecurityException

---

要执行此操作，请进入设置/Apps/[AppName]/Permissions并允许存储权限。

我遇到了类似的问题。下面是我如何解决我的项目的问题。您应该能够根据您的解决方案对其进行调整。此解决方案还有一些Firebase代码，您可以忽略这些代码。关键点是ActivityCompat.requestPermissions和ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission：

private void shareViaEmail() {
    int permissionCheck = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
    if (permissionCheck != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {
            AlertDialog.Builder alertBuilder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
            LayoutInflater inflater = this.getLayoutInflater();
            final ViewGroup nullParent = null;
            final View dialogView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.alert_dialog, nullParent);
            alertBuilder.setView(dialogView);

            alertBuilder.setCancelable(true);
            alertBuilder.setTitle("Permission request");

            String message = "\n\n" + getString(R.string.email_images);
            AppCompatTextView notice = (AppCompatTextView) dialogView.findViewById(R.id.notice);
            if (notice != null) {
                notice.setText(message);
                notice.setTextSize(getResources().getInteger(R.integer.dialog_text_size));
            }
            else {
                alertBuilder.setMessage(message);
            }

            alertBuilder.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.yes, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN)
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    mShowingAlert = false;
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(baseActivity(), new String[]{android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, MY_TARGET_WRITE_PERMISSION_REQUEST);
                }
            });

            mAlertDialog = alertBuilder.create();
            mAlertDialog.show();
            return;
        }
    }
    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
            new String[]{android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
            MY_TARGET_WRITE_PERMISSION_REQUEST);
}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        if (requestCode == MY_TARGET_WRITE_PERMISSION_REQUEST) {
            doShareViaEmail();
        } else {
            failWriteImage();
        }
    }
}

protected void failWriteImage() {
    getHandler().post(new Runnable() {
        @Override

        public void run() {
            String email_failed = getResources().getString(R.string.fail_email_attach);
            @SuppressLint("ShowToast") Toast toast = Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), email_failed, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
            new CustomToast(toast).invoke();
        }
    });
}

protected void doShareViaEmail() {
    FireUtilities fireUtilities = FireUtilities.getInstance();
    fireUtilities.logEvent(mFirebaseAnalytics, "option_item", "share", "share_string");

    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE);
    intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, getString(R.string.string_share));

    String appStoreLink = getString(R.string.app_store_link);

    String emailText = getString(R.string.share_string_body1)
            + " " + appStoreLink
            + " " + getString(R.string.share_string_body2);

    emailText = emailText + "<br><br>" + getTitleOfSegment(true, mCurrentSegment, mCurrentSegmentIndex);

    Bitmap targetImage = screenShot(mTargetImageView);
    if (targetImage != null) {
        ArrayList<Uri> files = new ArrayList<Uri>();
        String path = MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(getContentResolver(), targetImage, "string", null);
        Uri targetUri = Uri.parse(path);
        files.add(targetUri);
        intent.putParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, files);
    }

    intent.setType("message/rfc822");

    Spanned htmlText = fromHtml(getString(R.string.share_score_head1)
            + emailText + getString(R.string.share_score_head2));
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, htmlText);

    try {
        startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Email:"), 1234);
    } catch (final android.content.ActivityNotFoundException e) {
        String no_email_client = getResources().getString(R.string.no_email_client);
        @SuppressLint("ShowToast") Toast toast = Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), no_email_client, Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
        new CustomToast(toast).invoke();
    }
}

public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    if (requestCode == 1234) {
        LogHelper.v(TAG, "e-mail successfully sent");
    }
}

public Bitmap screenShot(View view) {
    if (view != null) {
        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(),
                view.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
        view.draw(canvas);
        return bitmap;
    }
    return null;
}

private void shareViaEmail（）{
int permissionCheck=ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission（这是android.Manifest.permission.WRITE\u外部存储）；
if（permissionCheck！=PackageManager.PERMISSION\u已授予）{
if（ActivityCompat.shouldshowRequestPermissionRegulation（这是android.Manifest.permission.WRITE\u外部存储））{
AlertDialog.Builder alertBuilder=新建AlertDialog.Builder（此）；
LayoutInflater充气机=this.getLayoutInflater（）；
最终视图组nullParent=null；
最终视图对话框视图=充气机。充气（R.layout.alert_对话框，空父级）；
alertBuilder.setView（dialogView）；
alertBuilder.setCancelable（真）；
alertBuilder.setTitle（“权限请求”）；
String message=“\n\n”+getString（R.String.email\u图像）；
AppCompatTextView通知=（AppCompatTextView）dialogView.findViewById（R.id.notice）；
if（注意！=null）{
notice.setText（message）；
注意.setTextSize（getResources（）.getInteger（R.integer.dialog_text_size））；
}
否则{
alertBuilder.setMessage（消息）；
}
alertBuilder.setPositiveButton（android.R.string.yes，新的DialogInterface.OnClickListener（）{
@TargetApi（Build.VERSION\u code.JELLY\u BEAN）
public void onClick（DialogInterface dialog，int which）{
mShowingAlert=false；
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions（baseActivity（），新字符串[]{android.Manifest.permission.WRITE\u EXTERNAL\u STORAGE}，MY\u TARGET\u WRITE\u permission\u REQUEST）；
}
});
mAlertDialog=alertBuilder.create（）；
mAlertDialog.show（）；
返回；
}
}
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions（此，
新字符串[]{android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}，
我的\目标\写入\许可\请求）；
}
@凌驾
public void onRequestPermissionsResult（int-requestCode，@NonNull-String[]permissions，@NonNull-int[]grantResults）{
super.onRequestPermissionsResult（请求代码、权限、授权结果）；
if（ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission（this，android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE）==PackageManager.permission_provided）{
if（requestCode==MY\u TARGET\u WRITE\u PERMISSION\u REQUEST）{
doShareViaEmail（）；
}否则{
failWriteImage（）；
}
}
}
受保护的无效failWriteImage（）{
getHandler（）.post（新的Runnable（））{
@凌驾
公开募捐{
String email\u failed=getResources（）.getString（R.String.fail\u email\u attach）；
@SuppressLint（“ShowToast”）Toast Toast=Toast.makeText（getApplicationContext（），email\u失败，Toast.LENGTH\u SHORT）；
新建CustomToast（toast.invoke（）；
}
});
}
受保护的void doShareViaEmail（）{
FireUtilities=FireUtilities.getInstance（）；
fireUtilities.logEvent（mFirebaseAnalytics，“选项项”、“共享”、“共享字符串”）；
意向意向=新意向（意向.行动\发送\多次）；
intent.setFlags（intent.FLAG\u活动\u新任务）；
intent.putExtra（intent.EXTRA_主题，getString（R.string.string_共享））；
String appStoreLink=getString（R.String.app\u store\u link）；
String emailText=getString（R.String.share\u String\u body1）
+“”+appStoreLink
+“”+getString（R.string.share\u string\u body 2）；
emailText=emailText+“

”+getTitleOfSegment（true，mCurrentSegment，mCurrentSegmentIndex）；
位图targetImage=屏幕截图（mTargetImageView）；
if（targetImage！=null）{
ArrayList files=新的ArrayList（）；
String path=MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage（getContentResolver（），targetImage，“String”，null）；
uritargeturi=Uri.parse（路径）；
添加（targetUri）；
intent.putParcelableArrayListExtra（intent.EXTRA\u流，文件）；
}
intent.setType（“message/rfc822”）；
跨距htmlText=fromHtml（getString（R.string.share\u score\u head1）
+emailText+getString（R.string.share_score_head2））；
intent.putExtra（intent.EXTRA_TEXT，htmlText）；
试一试{
startActivityForResult（Intent.createChooser（Intent，“Email:”），1234）；
}捕获（最终android.content.ActivityNotFoundException）{
String no_email_client=getResources（）.getString（R.String.no_email_client）；
@SuppressLint（“ShowToast”）Toast Toast=Toast.makeText（getApplicationContext（），无电子邮件\u客户端，Toast.LENGTH\u LONG）；
新海关吐司（致
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);