Java 如何在Sqlite中的数据库表中添加附加列？

我有一张学生用的SQLite表格

我想在学生中添加另一个关于学生性别的专栏。我有下面的代码来创建我的表

如何在学生表格中添加“性别”列

private static final String TAG = "SyncStudents";

//Declare tables and fields where we will store all the amdins information.
private static final String TABLE_NAME = "studetns";
private static final String COL1 = "id";
private static final String COL2 = "firstname";
private static final String COL3 = "lastname";
private static final String COL4 = "age";
private static final String COL5 = "dob";
private static final String COL6 = "cir";
private static final String COL7 = "class";
private static final String COL8 = "address";
private static final String COL9 = "grade";


public SyncRoutesHelper(Context context) {
    super(context, TABLE_NAME, null, 1);
}


@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {

    //Create the table
    String createTable = "CREATE TABLE " + TABLE_NAME + " (" + COL1 + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, " + COL2 + " TEXT," + COL3 + " TEXT," + COL4 + " INTEGER," +
            COL5 + " INTEGER," + COL6 + " INTEGER," + COL7 + " TEXT," + COL8 + " TEXT," + COL9 + " INTEGER )";

    //Execute the above statement
    db.execSQL(createTable);
}

@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int i, int i1) {
    db.execSQL("DROP IF TABLE EXISTS " + TABLE_NAME);
    onCreate(db);

    db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE students ADD COLUMN genger TEXT DEFAULT NULL");

} 

我试图在“OnUpdate”方法中的行下写入，但它不起作用

db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE students ADD COLUMN gender TEXT DEFAULT NULL");

---

要运行onUpgrade，必须增加版本号，这是超级调用的第四个参数。所以你需要改变

super(context, TABLE_NAME, null, 1);

到

但是，当您的onUpgrade方法删除表并调用onCreate时，您最好更改onCreate方法中的代码以包含新列这将删除所有现有数据。

如果需要保留现有数据，则onUpgrade方法应该只有一行代码来更改表，并且是：-

@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int i, int i1) {
    db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE students ADD COLUMN gender TEXT DEFAULT NULL");
}

• 请注意，您还应该更改onCreate方法中的代码以包括新列，以便新安装将包括新列

在使用i和i1值时，您可能希望了解一下，如果随后引入更多架构更改并将版本增加到3（依此类推），您将遇到问题

@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int i, int i1) {
    db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE students ADD COLUMN gender TEXT DEFAULT NULL");
}