如何使用Java在https连接请求中附加.pfx证书？

我有一个安装在Windows证书存储中的pfx证书，我可以使用C#在https rest调用中附加该证书

现在我需要用Java做同样的事情。我读到了。pfx证书有私钥和一个或多个证书

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我收到以下错误：PKIX路径生成失败：sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException:无法找到请求目标的有效证书路径。

我在Java中尝试过的东西

我使用KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance（“Windows MY”、“SunMSCAPI”）直接从Windows应用商店获取证书，并创建了一个SSLContext，用于HTTPS调用

我从Windows应用商店将证书作为.cer文件导入，并从代码中将其作为文件读取，然后将其附加到https调用

我从代码中读取.pfx文件并将其附加到调用中

我已经使用KeyTool将证书添加到Java Home的cacerts文件（C:/Work/certi/jre1.8.0_91/lib/security/cacerts）

完整的Java代码如下所示

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;

import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;

import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier;


public class TestElk {

public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException, CertificateException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyStoreException, KeyManagementException, UnrecoverableKeyException, NoSuchProviderException {
        
    CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
    Certificate certificate = certificateFactory.generateCertificate(new FileInputStream(new File("C:/Work/certi/jre1.8.0_91/lib/security/elkcert.cer")));//exported certificate

    /* KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("Windows-MY", "SunMSCAPI");
    ks.load(null,null);
    
    Enumeration enumeration = ks.aliases();     
    while(enumeration.hasMoreElements()) {            
        String alias = (String)enumeration.nextElement();
        System.out.println("alias name: " + alias);        }
    
    Certificate[] certificate = ks.getCertificateChain("alias");
     */
    
    // Create TrustStore        
    KeyStore trustStoreContainingTheCertificate =     KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
    trustStoreContainingTheCertificate.load(null, null);

    trustStoreContainingTheCertificate.setCertificateEntry("cert", certificate);

    // Create SSLContext
    TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
    trustManagerFactory.init(trustStoreContainingTheCertificate);


    final SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
    sslContext.init(null,trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers(),new SecureRandom());
    SSLContext.setDefault(sslContext);
    
    HostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier = NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE;   
    
    HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sslContext.getSocketFactory());
    HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(hostnameVerifier);

    URL url = new URL("https://server-link");
    
    HttpsURLConnection con =    (HttpsURLConnection)url.openConnection();           
    con.setRequestMethod("POST");
    con.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko");
    con.setConnectTimeout(10000);
    con.setSSLSocketFactory(sslContext.getSocketFactory()); 
    con.connect();
    
    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    String line;
    while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
        sb.append(line+"\n");
    }
    br.close();
    System.out.println(sb.toString());
    //int s= con.getResponseCode();  }

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鉴于您已将颁发CA证书（请参阅下面的注释）导入到cacerts文件，以下操作应该可以正常工作，在不同的SO线程中可以找到许多帮助：

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“找不到请求目标的有效证书路径”表示根/子CA不受信任。在您的情况下，您不信任为目标“CN=*.dvb.corpinter.net”颁发服务器证书的根目录（MBIS CA）…请根据您的问题更新日志，我无法访问C:驱动器上的链接：）仅添加错误部分。。。。我会发起聊天，但我的声誉还不够，如果“CN=MBIIS CA，OU=MBIIS，O=DAIMLER，C=CN”是“CN=MBIIS CA，OU=MBIIS，O=DAIMLER，C=DE”的子类别，那么您的客户端密钥库需要提供整个链。。。当您从internet explorer导出pfx时，如果我没有弄错的话，您可以包含该链，请查看我在邮件中使用的actual.pfx证书，该证书是我在我们的程序中从clientstore创建keymanager时获得的。它只有一个证书。然后从浏览器中，我可以仅使用前3个选项进行导出。。i、 e.pfx导出已禁用：（.我们如何知道证书是否是另一个证书的子CA，然后如何添加并一起交付。

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URL;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;

import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.KeyManager;
import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;

import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier;


public class TestElk {

public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException, CertificateException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyStoreException, KeyManagementException, UnrecoverableKeyException, NoSuchProviderException {

    
    KeyStore clientStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");
    clientStore.load(new FileInputStream(new File("C:/path_to_pfx/mypfx.pfx")), "pfxPass".toCharArray());
    KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance(KeyManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
    kmf.init(clientStore, "pfxPass".toCharArray());
    KeyManager[] kms = kmf.getKeyManagers();
    
    // Assuming that you imported the CA Cert "Subject: CN=MBIIS CA, OU=MBIIS, O=DAIMLER, C=DE"
    // to your cacerts Store.
    KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
    trustStore.load(new FileInputStream("cacerts"), "changeit".toCharArray());

    TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
    tmf.init(trustStore);
    TrustManager[] tms = tmf.getTrustManagers();

    final SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
    sslContext.init(kms,tms,new SecureRandom());
    SSLContext.setDefault(sslContext);

    HostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier = NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE;   
    System.setProperty("https.proxyHost", "IP_OF_PROXY_HOST_GOES_HERE");
    System.setProperty("https.proxyPort", "PORT_NUMBER_GOES_HERE");
    HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sslContext.getSocketFactory());
    HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(hostnameVerifier);

    URL url = new URL("https://server-link");

    HttpsURLConnection con =    (HttpsURLConnection)url.openConnection();           
    con.setRequestMethod("POST");
    con.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko");
    con.setConnectTimeout(10000);
    con.setSSLSocketFactory(sslContext.getSocketFactory()); 
    con.connect();

    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    String line;
    while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
        sb.append(line+"\n");
    }
    br.close();
    System.out.println(sb.toString());
    //int s= con.getResponseCode();
}

}