Java 如何让Spring RabbitMQ创建新队列？

在我使用rabbit mq的（有限的）经验中，如果您为一个尚不存在的队列创建一个新的侦听器，那么该队列将自动创建。我试图使用SpringAMQP项目和RabbitMQ来设置一个侦听器，但是我得到了一个错误。这是我的xml配置：

<rabbit:connection-factory id="rabbitConnectionFactory" host="172.16.45.1" username="test" password="password" />

<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="rabbitConnectionFactory"  >
    <rabbit:listener ref="testQueueListener" queue-names="test" />
</rabbit:listener-container>

<bean id="testQueueListener" class="com.levelsbeyond.rabbit.TestQueueListener"> 
</bean>

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从堆栈跟踪中可以看出，队列是在“被动”模式下创建的——有人能指出我如何在不使用被动模式的情况下创建队列，这样我就看不到这个错误了吗？还是我遗漏了什么？

您能在连接标记之后，但在侦听器之前添加以下内容吗：

<rabbit:queue name="test" auto-delete="true" durable="false" passive="false" />

不幸的是，根据XSD模式，被动属性（上面列出）无效。然而，在我看到的每个队列声明实现中，被动都是一个有效的队列声明参数。我很好奇这是否会奏效，或者他们是否计划在未来支持它

以下是队列声明选项的完整列表：

下面是SpringRabbit模式的完整XSD（包括注释）：

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似乎解决我问题的方法是添加一个管理员。以下是我的xml：

<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="rabbitConnectionFactory"  >
    <rabbit:listener ref="orderQueueListener" queues="test.order" />
</rabbit:listener-container>

<rabbit:queue name="test.order"></rabbit:queue>

<rabbit:admin id="amqpAdmin" connection-factory="rabbitConnectionFactory"/>

<bean id="orderQueueListener" class="com.levelsbeyond.rabbit.OrderQueueListener">   
</bean>

---

较旧的线程，但这仍然在Google上显示得相当高，因此这里有一些较新的信息：

2015-11-23 自从使用Spring消息传递和Spring Amqp 1.4.5.RELEASE和Spring Rabbit 1.4.5.RELEASE发布Spring 4.2.x以来，通过@Configuration类声明交换、队列和绑定变得非常简单一些注释：

@EnableRabbit
@Configuration
@PropertySources({
    @PropertySource("classpath:rabbitMq.properties")
})
public class RabbitMqConfig {    
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RabbitMqConfig.class);

    @Value("${rabbitmq.host}")
    private String host;

    @Value("${rabbitmq.port:5672}")
    private int port;

    @Value("${rabbitmq.username}")
    private String username;

    @Value("${rabbitmq.password}")
    private String password;

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory(host, port);
        connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
        connectionFactory.setPassword(password);

        logger.info("Creating connection factory with: " + username + "@" + host + ":" + port);

        return connectionFactory;
    }

    /**
     * Required for executing adminstration functions against an AMQP Broker
     */
    @Bean
    public AmqpAdmin amqpAdmin() {
        return new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory());
    }

    /**
     * This queue will be declared. This means it will be created if it does not exist. Once declared, you can do something
     * like the following:
     * 
     * @RabbitListener(queues = "#{@myDurableQueue}")
     * @Transactional
     * public void handleMyDurableQueueMessage(CustomDurableDto myMessage) {
     *    // Anything you want! This can also return a non-void which will queue it back in to the queue attached to @RabbitListener
     * }
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue myDurableQueue() {
        // This queue has the following properties:
        // name: my_durable
        // durable: true
        // exclusive: false
        // auto_delete: false
        return new Queue("my_durable", true, false, false);
    }

    /**
     * The following is a complete declaration of an exchange, a queue and a exchange-queue binding
     */
    @Bean
    public TopicExchange emailExchange() {
        return new TopicExchange("email", true, false);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue inboundEmailQueue() {
        return new Queue("email_inbound", true, false, false);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding inboundEmailExchangeBinding() {
        // Important part is the routing key -- this is just an example
        return BindingBuilder.bind(inboundEmailQueue()).to(emailExchange()).with("from.*");
    }
}

一些资料来源和文档有助于：

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注意：看起来我错过了一个版本——从Spring AMQP 1.5开始，事情变得更加简单，因为您可以在侦听器上声明完全绑定

从Spring Boot 2.1.6和Spring AMQP 2.1.7开始，如果队列不存在，您可以在启动期间创建队列：

@组件
公共类队列配置{
私人AmqpAdmin AmqpAdmin；
公共队列配置（AmqpAdmin AmqpAdmin）{
this.amqpAdmin=amqpAdmin；
}
@施工后
public void createQueues（）{
amqpAdmin.declareQueue（新队列（“队列1”，true））；
amqpAdmin.declareQueue（新队列（“队列二”，true））；
}
}

不幸的是，我得到一个错误，启动时队列元素中不允许使用“被动”属性。“declare”方法使用被动参数是很奇怪的，但我似乎无法用xml定义它。对不起，我太密集了，我看不出我遗漏了什么。我知道你在说根据xsd它不是有效的xml，我可以忽略eclipse给我的错误-但我实际上也得到了一个运行时错误。没关系。我的中间名是稠密的。：-）我想我们说的是同一件事。IMHO，如果是完整的兔子接口，则应存在上述被动参数。Spring RabbitMQ缺少它。我会向他们提交一份bug报告，并在你的bug报告中链接回这个问题。他们可能知道我们都遗漏了什么，或者只是一个合理的遗漏。是的，您必须在配置中添加一个

RabbitAdmin

，以自动声明队列、交换和绑定。此外，在向队列发送消息之前，不会声明队列。它也在Java注释模式下工作：添加自动连线

AmqpAdmin

并使用专用方法声明队列，在不存在时自动创建队列！使用rabbit:listener元素，如何让rabbit声明一个随机命名的队列以用于扇出交换？您可以通过方法调用创建bean并再次创建对象。

<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="rabbitConnectionFactory"  >
    <rabbit:listener ref="orderQueueListener" queues="test.order" />
</rabbit:listener-container>

<rabbit:queue name="test.order"></rabbit:queue>

<rabbit:admin id="amqpAdmin" connection-factory="rabbitConnectionFactory"/>

<bean id="orderQueueListener" class="com.levelsbeyond.rabbit.OrderQueueListener">   
</bean>

@EnableRabbit
@Configuration
@PropertySources({
    @PropertySource("classpath:rabbitMq.properties")
})
public class RabbitMqConfig {    
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RabbitMqConfig.class);

    @Value("${rabbitmq.host}")
    private String host;

    @Value("${rabbitmq.port:5672}")
    private int port;

    @Value("${rabbitmq.username}")
    private String username;

    @Value("${rabbitmq.password}")
    private String password;

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory(host, port);
        connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
        connectionFactory.setPassword(password);

        logger.info("Creating connection factory with: " + username + "@" + host + ":" + port);

        return connectionFactory;
    }

    /**
     * Required for executing adminstration functions against an AMQP Broker
     */
    @Bean
    public AmqpAdmin amqpAdmin() {
        return new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory());
    }

    /**
     * This queue will be declared. This means it will be created if it does not exist. Once declared, you can do something
     * like the following:
     * 
     * @RabbitListener(queues = "#{@myDurableQueue}")
     * @Transactional
     * public void handleMyDurableQueueMessage(CustomDurableDto myMessage) {
     *    // Anything you want! This can also return a non-void which will queue it back in to the queue attached to @RabbitListener
     * }
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue myDurableQueue() {
        // This queue has the following properties:
        // name: my_durable
        // durable: true
        // exclusive: false
        // auto_delete: false
        return new Queue("my_durable", true, false, false);
    }

    /**
     * The following is a complete declaration of an exchange, a queue and a exchange-queue binding
     */
    @Bean
    public TopicExchange emailExchange() {
        return new TopicExchange("email", true, false);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue inboundEmailQueue() {
        return new Queue("email_inbound", true, false, false);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding inboundEmailExchangeBinding() {
        // Important part is the routing key -- this is just an example
        return BindingBuilder.bind(inboundEmailQueue()).to(emailExchange()).with("from.*");
    }
}