Java org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException:只读模式下不允许执行写入操作

我是SSH新手，使用的是Spring4、Hibernate4和Struts2。 当我为一个DAO类创建一个单元测试时，我遇到了这个异常

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:testApplicationContext.xml"})
public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void testAddUserNotExists() {
        User user = new User("20116524", "785ee107c11dfe36de668b1ae7baacbb");
        userDao.addUser(user);

        assertNotNull(userDao.getUserByUsername("20116524"));
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }

    /**
     * UserDao object to test.
     */
    private UserDao userDao;
}

我试图在web.xml中添加以下行，但不起作用

参考：

我相信我的applicationContext.xml有问题，以下是内容：

<!-- Session Factory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/>
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
        <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
    <property name="packagesToScan">
        <list>
            <value>emis.accounts.model</value>
        </list>
    </property>
</bean>
<!-- Transaction -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<bean id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

不过，我还有一个例外：

WARNING: Exception thrown from ApplicationListener handling ContextClosedEvent
java.lang.IllegalStateException: ApplicationEventMulticaster not initialized - call 'refresh' before multicasting events via the context: Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Thu Mar 20 13:53:51 CST 2014]; root of context hierarchy
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getApplicationEventMulticaster(AbstractApplicationContext.java:346)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:333)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:880)
...

WARNING: Exception thrown from LifecycleProcessor on context close
java.lang.IllegalStateException: LifecycleProcessor not initialized - call 'refresh' before invoking lifecycle methods via the context: Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Thu Mar 20 13:53:51 CST 2014]; root of context hierarchy
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getLifecycleProcessor(AbstractApplicationContext.java:359)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:888)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.close(AbstractApplicationContext.java:841)
...

---

我该怎么办？有人能帮我吗？非常感谢

首先，决定要使用什么进行交易。XML配置或注释@Transactional。不要试图把两者都混在一起

如果使用@Transactional，请确保使用正确的注释对UserDao进行注释

---

如果使用XML，请确保tx:advice中的顺序正确。目前所有内容都是只读的。第一场比赛获胜，因为你有一个通配符*在上面，所有东西都将匹配该切入点。接下来，您不需要，因为您已经用一个块声明了您的方面

在web.xml中添加内容应该如何帮助您的单元测试，因为您不知道存在web.xml。你能发布完整的测试用例、hibernate.cfg.xml和UserDao的内容吗。只有您的意思是在方法中添加@TransactionalreadOnly=false？我做了，但我得到了另一个例外：无法自动连接方法：public void emis.accounts.dao.UserDaoTest.setUserDaoemis.accounts.dao.UserDao；嵌套异常为org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:未找到依赖项类型为[emis.accounts.dao.UserDao]的符合条件的bean：应至少有1个bean符合此依赖项的autowire候选项的条件。依赖项注释：{}然后修复该问题。我猜想UserDao是一个具体的类，它实现了一些接口。默认情况下，Spring使用基于接口的JDK动态代理。将代理目标类添加到您的，以强制基于类的代理。

WARNING: Exception thrown from ApplicationListener handling ContextClosedEvent
java.lang.IllegalStateException: ApplicationEventMulticaster not initialized - call 'refresh' before multicasting events via the context: Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Thu Mar 20 13:53:51 CST 2014]; root of context hierarchy
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getApplicationEventMulticaster(AbstractApplicationContext.java:346)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:333)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:880)
...

WARNING: Exception thrown from LifecycleProcessor on context close
java.lang.IllegalStateException: LifecycleProcessor not initialized - call 'refresh' before invoking lifecycle methods via the context: Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Thu Mar 20 13:53:51 CST 2014]; root of context hierarchy
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getLifecycleProcessor(AbstractApplicationContext.java:359)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:888)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.close(AbstractApplicationContext.java:841)
...