Java 无法引用局部变量

我是Android编程的新手，我想在点击一个按钮时做一些事情。以下是我到目前为止所做的：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    protected void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {
        super.onCreate(icicle);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
    button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {


        Spinner s1,s2,s3,s4,s5,s6,s7;
        TextView txt3,txt4,txt5,txt6,txt7,txt8,txt9;
        EditText ed1;

        s7 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner7);
        s1 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner1);
        s2 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner2);
        s3 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner3);
        s4 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner4);
        s5 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner5);
        s6 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner6);
        txt4 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView4);
        txt3 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView3);
        txt5 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView5);
        txt6 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView6);
        txt7 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView7);
        txt8 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView8);
        txt9 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView9);


        ed1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);


        s7.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                new OnItemSelectedListener() {
                    public void onItemSelected(
                            AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                            String val = s7.getSelectedItem().toString();
                            txt4.setText(val);

                    }


                    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                    }
                });
        s2.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                new OnItemSelectedListener() {
                    public void onItemSelected(
                            AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                            String val2 = s2.getSelectedItem().toString();
                            txt5.setText(val2);

                    }


                    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                    }
                });
        s3.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                new OnItemSelectedListener() {
                    public void onItemSelected(
                            AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                            String val3 = s3.getSelectedItem().toString();
                            txt6.setText(val3);

                    }


                    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                    }
                });
        s1.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                new OnItemSelectedListener() {
                    public void onItemSelected(
                            AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                            String val1 = s1.getSelectedItem().toString();
                            txt3.setText(val1);

                    }


                    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                    }
                });
        s5.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                new OnItemSelectedListener() {
                    public void onItemSelected(
                            AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                            String val5 = s5.getSelectedItem().toString();
                            txt7.setText(val5);

                    }


                    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                    }
                });
        s6.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                new OnItemSelectedListener() {
                    public void onItemSelected(
                            AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                            String val6 = s6.getSelectedItem().toString();
                            txt8.setText(val6);

                    }


                    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                    }
                });
        s4.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                new OnItemSelectedListener() {
                    public void onItemSelected(
                            AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                            String val7 = s4.getSelectedItem().toString();
                            txt9.setText(val7);

                    }


                    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                    }
                });




    }}    //Syntax error, insert ";" to complete Statement
}}

公共类MainActivity扩展活动{
创建时受保护的空隙（捆绑冰柱）{
超级冰柱；
setContentView（R.layout.activity_main）；
按钮按钮=（按钮）findViewById（R.id.button1）；
setOnClickListener（新视图.OnClickListener（）{
公共void onClick（视图v）{
旋转器s1、s2、s3、s4、s5、s6、s7；
TextView txt3、txt4、txt5、txt6、txt7、txt8、txt9；
编辑文本ed1；
s7=（喷丝器）findViewById（R.id.喷丝器7）；
s1=（喷丝器）findViewById（R.id.spinner1）；
s2=（喷丝器）findViewById（R.id.喷丝器2）；
s3=（喷丝器）findViewById（R.id.spinner3）；
s4=（喷丝器）findViewById（R.id.喷丝器4）；
s5=（喷丝器）findViewById（R.id.喷丝器5）；
s6=（喷丝器）findViewById（R.id.喷丝器6）；
txt4=（TextView）findViewById（R.id.textView4）；
txt3=（TextView）findViewById（R.id.textView3）；
txt5=（TextView）findViewById（R.id.textView5）；
txt6=（TextView）findViewById（R.id.textView6）；
txt7=（TextView）findViewById（R.id.textView7）；
txt8=（TextView）findViewById（R.id.textView8）；
txt9=（TextView）findViewById（R.id.textView9）；
ed1=（EditText）findViewById（R.id.editText1）；
s7.3.1所选监听器(
新建MSelectedListener（）{
公营部门选举(
AdapterView父级、视图、整型位置、长id）{
字符串val=s7.getSelectedItem（）.toString（）；
txt4.setText（val）；
}
未选择公共无效（AdapterView父级）{
}
});
s2.setOnItemSelectedListener(
新建MSelectedListener（）{
公营部门选举(
AdapterView父级、视图、整型位置、长id）{
字符串val2=s2.getSelectedItem（）.toString（）；
txt5.setText（val2）；
}
未选择公共无效（AdapterView父级）{
}
});
s3.setOnItemSelectedListener(
新建MSelectedListener（）{
公营部门选举(
AdapterView父级、视图、整型位置、长id）{
字符串val3=s3.getSelectedItem（）.toString（）；
txt6.setText（val3）；
}
未选择公共无效（AdapterView父级）{
}
});
s1.setOnItemSelectedListener(
新建MSelectedListener（）{
公营部门选举(
AdapterView父级、视图、整型位置、长id）{
字符串val1=s1.getSelectedItem（）.toString（）；
txt3.setText（val1）；
}
未选择公共无效（AdapterView父级）{
}
});
s5.setOnItemSelectedListener(
新建MSelectedListener（）{
公营部门选举(
AdapterView父级、视图、整型位置、长id）{
字符串val5=s5.getSelectedItem（）.toString（）；
txt7.setText（val5）；
}
未选择公共无效（AdapterView父级）{
}
});
s6.1选择的侦听器(
新建MSelectedListener（）{
公营部门选举(
AdapterView父级、视图、整型位置、长id）{
字符串val6=s6.getSelectedItem（）.toString（）；
txt8.setText（val6）；
}
未选择公共无效（AdapterView父级）{
}
});
s4.setOnItemSelectedListener(
新建MSelectedListener（）{
公营部门选举(
AdapterView父级、视图、整型位置、长id）{
字符串val7=s4.getSelectedItem（）.toString（）；
txt9.setText（val7）；
}
未选择公共无效（AdapterView父级）{
}
});
}}//语法错误，请插入“；”以完成语句
}}

但是，代码中的所有变量（s1、s2、txt1、txt2，…）都出现错误“无法引用封闭范围“”中定义的非最终局部变量[var]，并且在代码中指定的位置出现错误“Syntax error，insert”；“to complete Statement”。有人能帮我解决这个问题吗

---

谢谢！

您不能这样做，因为存在局部变量，您从调用它们；您只需将它们声明为类的属性即可

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    Spinner s1,s2,s3,s4,s5,s6,s7;
    TextView txt3,txt4,txt5,txt6,txt7,txt8,txt9;
    // The rest of your code

---

将局部变量声明为类变量，然后您还需要在结尾正确完成OnClickListener（）方法。您需要在语法错误处用右括号和分号关闭该方法。

三条建议：

与代码中的格式和缩进保持一致

使用数组

创建一个

OnItemClickListener

，并将其重新用于所有微调器

---

如果必须访问annonymous类之外的变量，则该变量必须是

final

。 你的代码

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    protected void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {
        super.onCreate(icicle);
        final Spinner s1,s2,s3,s4,s5,s6,s7;
        final TextView txt3,txt4,txt5,txt6,txt7,txt8,txt9;
        final EditText ed1;

        s7 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner7);
        s1 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner1);
        s2 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner2);
        s3 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner3);
        s4 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner4);
        s5 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner5);
        s6 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner6);
        txt4 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView4);
        txt3 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView3);
        txt5 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView5);
        txt6 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView6);
        txt7 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView7);
        txt8 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView8);
        txt9 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView9);


        ed1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            public void onClick(View v) {






                s7.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                        new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {
                            public void onItemSelected(
                                    AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                                String val = s7.getSelectedItem().toString();
                                txt4.setText(val);

                            }


                            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                            }
                        });
                s2.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                        new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {
                            public void onItemSelected(
                                    AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                                String val2 = s2.getSelectedItem().toString();
                                txt5.setText(val2);

                            }


                            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                            }
                        });
                s3.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                        new OnItemSelectedListener() {
                            public void onItemSelected(
                                    AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                                String val3 = s3.getSelectedItem().toString();
                                txt6.setText(val3);

                            }


                            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                            }
                        });
                s1.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                        new OnItemSelectedListener() {
                            public void onItemSelected(
                                    AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                                String val1 = s1.getSelectedItem().toString();
                                txt3.setText(val1);

                            }


                            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                            }
                        });
                s5.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                        new OnItemSelectedListener() {
                            public void onItemSelected(
                                    AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                                String val5 = s5.getSelectedItem().toString();
                                txt7.setText(val5);

                            }


                            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                            }
                        });
                s6.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                        new OnItemSelectedListener() {
                            public void onItemSelected(
                                    AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                                String val6 = s6.getSelectedItem().toString();
                                txt8.setText(val6);

                            }


                            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                            }
                        });
                s4.setOnItemSelectedListener(
                        new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {
                            public void onItemSelected(
                                    AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                                String val7 = s4.getSelectedItem().toString();
                                txt9.setText(val7);

                            }


                            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

                            }
                        });




            }});    //Syntax error, insert ";" to complete Statement
    }
}

公共类MainActivity扩展活动{
创建时受保护的空隙（捆绑冰柱）{
超级冰柱；
final Spinner s1,s2,s3,s4,s5,s6,s7;
final TextView txt3,txt4,txt5,txt6,txt7,txt8,txt9;

button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { 
    --followed by lots and lots of code-- 

button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { [code] });

private AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener listenerForSpinner(final Spinner s, final TextView t) {
    return new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {
         public void onItemSelected(
             AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

             String val = s.getSelectedItem().toString();
             t.setText(val);
         }

         public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
         }
    };
}

s7.setOnItemSelectedListener(listenerForSpinner(s7, txt4));
s2.setOnItemSelectedListener(listenerForSpinner(s2, txt5));
...