Linux 自更新github中的bash脚本

我试图让我的脚本检查我在github中的repo是否有更新，然后获取更新并用新代码替换旧代码，并运行新代码“而不是旧代码”。我想出了这个，但它完成后会更新

self_update() {
    cd $(dirname $0)
    git fetch > a.txt 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null
    git reset --hard >> a.txt 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null
    git pull >> a.txt 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null
    rm a.txt
    chmod +x "$(basename $0)"
    cd -
}
self_update
echo “some code”

编辑：我在这里找到了下面的代码，它更新了我的脚本。然而，它进入一个循环，从不运行新的或旧的代码，不知道为什么

#!/bin/bash

SCRIPT=$(readlink -f "$0")
SCRIPTPATH=$(dirname "$SCRIPT")
SCRIPTNAME="$0"
ARGS="( $@ )"
BRANCH="master"

self_update() {
    cd $SCRIPTPATH
    git fetch

    [ -n $(git diff --name-only origin/$BRANCH | grep $SCRIPTNAME) ] && {
        echo "Found a new version of me, updating myself..."
        git pull --force
        git checkout $BRANCH
        git pull --force
        echo "Running the new version..."
        exec "$SCRIPTNAME" "${ARGS[@]}"

        # Now exit this old instance
        exit 1
    }
    echo "Already the latest version."
}
self_update
echo “some code”

重复输出：

 Found a new version of me, updating myself...
 HEAD is now at 5dd5111 Update tool
 Already up to date
 Already on ‘master’
 Your branch is up to date with origin/master

直到i CTRL-C，它才停止打印输出 输出：使用：bash-x/opt/script/firstScript-h执行

++ readlink -f /opt/script/firstScript
+ SCRIPT=/opt/script/firstScript  
++ dirname /opt/script/firstScript
+ SCRIPTPATH=/opt/script                                
+ SCRIPTNAME=/opt/script/firstScript
+ ARGS='( -h )'
+ BRANCH=master
+ self_update      
+ cd /opt/script
+ git fetch                                                
++ git diff --name-only origin/master
++ grep /opt/script/firstScript
+ '[' -n ']'                                               
+ echo 'Found a new version of me, updating myself...'
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
+ git pull --force 
Already up to date.  
+ git checkout master
Already on 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
+ git pull --force
Already up to date.
+ echo 'Running the new version...'
Running the new version...
+ exec bash -x /opt/script/firstScript '( -h )'
++ readlink -f /opt/script/firstScript
+ SCRIPT=/opt/script/firstScript
++ dirname /opt/script/firstScript
+ SCRIPTPATH=/opt/script
+ SCRIPTNAME=/opt/script/firstScript
+ ARGS='( ( -h ) )'
+ BRANCH=master
+ self_update
+ cd /opt/script
+ git fetch
++ git diff --name-only origin/master
++ grep /opt/script/firstScript
+ '[' -n ']'
+ echo 'Found a new version of me, updating myself...'
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
+ git pull --force
Already up to date.
+ git checkout master
Already on 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
+ git pull --force
Already up to date.
+ echo 'Running the new version...'
Running the new version...
+ exec bash -x /opt/script/firstScript '( ( -h ) )'
++ readlink -f /opt/script/firstScript
+ SCRIPT=/opt/script/firstScript
++ dirname /opt/script/firstScript
+ SCRIPTPATH=/opt/script
+ SCRIPTNAME=/opt/script/firstScript
+ ARGS='( ( ( -h ) ) )'
+ BRANCH=master
+ self_update
+ cd /opt/script
+ git fetch
++ git diff --name-only origin/master
++ grep /opt/script/firstScript
+ '[' -n ']'
+ echo 'Found a new version of me, updating myself...'
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
+ git pull --force
Already up to date.
+ git checkout master
Already on 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
+ git pull --force
^C

Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
^C

输出：使用：bash/opt/script/firstScript-h执行

++ readlink -f /opt/script/firstScript
+ SCRIPT=/opt/script/firstScript  
++ dirname /opt/script/firstScript
+ SCRIPTPATH=/opt/script                                
+ SCRIPTNAME=/opt/script/firstScript
+ ARGS='( -h )'
+ BRANCH=master
+ self_update      
+ cd /opt/script
+ git fetch                                                
++ git diff --name-only origin/master
++ grep /opt/script/firstScript
+ '[' -n ']'                                               
+ echo 'Found a new version of me, updating myself...'
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
+ git pull --force 
Already up to date.  
+ git checkout master
Already on 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
+ git pull --force
Already up to date.
+ echo 'Running the new version...'
Running the new version...
+ exec bash -x /opt/script/firstScript '( -h )'
++ readlink -f /opt/script/firstScript
+ SCRIPT=/opt/script/firstScript
++ dirname /opt/script/firstScript
+ SCRIPTPATH=/opt/script
+ SCRIPTNAME=/opt/script/firstScript
+ ARGS='( ( -h ) )'
+ BRANCH=master
+ self_update
+ cd /opt/script
+ git fetch
++ git diff --name-only origin/master
++ grep /opt/script/firstScript
+ '[' -n ']'
+ echo 'Found a new version of me, updating myself...'
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
+ git pull --force
Already up to date.
+ git checkout master
Already on 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
+ git pull --force
Already up to date.
+ echo 'Running the new version...'
Running the new version...
+ exec bash -x /opt/script/firstScript '( ( -h ) )'
++ readlink -f /opt/script/firstScript
+ SCRIPT=/opt/script/firstScript
++ dirname /opt/script/firstScript
+ SCRIPTPATH=/opt/script
+ SCRIPTNAME=/opt/script/firstScript
+ ARGS='( ( ( -h ) ) )'
+ BRANCH=master
+ self_update
+ cd /opt/script
+ git fetch
++ git diff --name-only origin/master
++ grep /opt/script/firstScript
+ '[' -n ']'
+ echo 'Found a new version of me, updating myself...'
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
+ git pull --force
Already up to date.
+ git checkout master
Already on 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
+ git pull --force
^C

Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
Already up to date.
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
Already up to date.
Running the new version...
Found a new version of me, updating myself...
^C

---

脚本启动“self_update”bash函数，该函数本身调用

exec“$SCRIPTNAME”“${ARGS[@]}”

。 但是如果我读得好的话，

$SCRIPTNAME

就是你的脚本

您的脚本将继续递归地调用自己。 这就是为什么你在循环

你有没有考虑过用类似的东西来运行你的脚本，而不是让它自己调用

编辑：

---

另外，测试中的git命令，

git diff--name only origin/$BRANCH

将在包含脚本文件的行中做出响应（如果您在其中进行了本地更改），并将永远循环。

脚本无法自我更新可能有多种原因。撇开“为什么”一分钟，考虑使用一个基于环境变量的“双重调用”保护。它将防止重复尝试更新

self_update() {
    [ "$UPDATE_GUARD" ] && return
    export UPDATE_GUARD=YES

    cd $SCRIPTPATH
    git fetch

    [ -n $(git diff --name-only origin/$BRANCH | grep $SCRIPTNAME) ] && {
        echo "Found a new version of me, updating myself..."
        git pull --force
        git checkout $BRANCH
        git pull --force
        echo "Running the new version..."
        exec "$SCRIPTNAME" "${ARGS[@]}"

        # Now exit this old instance
        exit 1
    }
    echo "Already the latest version."
}

---

也可以考虑更改<代码> SelfUpUptudio返回到原始CWD，如果它可能对运行脚本产生影响。

< P>我怀疑您还没有为当前分支设置上游跟踪。然后，

git fetch

什么也不做。试一试

git fetch origin master

相反（假设这是您想要的上游和分支）

您似乎也不理解找到的代码中

exec

的重要性。这将用更新的版本替换当前正在执行的脚本，并从一开始就开始运行它。那是不可能的

update_code
echo "some stuff"

将

在更新自身后立即回显“一些东西”

。取而代之的是，它将再次执行自己，希望这次能使用更新版本的代码

但是,

[ -n $(git diff --name-only origin/$BRANCH | grep $SCRIPTNAME) ]

这是一个非常迂回且可能脆弱的结构。您正在询问

grep

是否返回了任何（非空）输出。。。但是很明显，

grep

本身就是一个检查是否有匹配项的工具。此外，在这里使用

SCRIPTNAME

是很脆弱的——如果使用

/home/you/work/script/update\u self\u test

这样的路径调用脚本，这就是

SCRIPTNAME

所包含的内容，但是

git diff

将只输出相对路径（

script/update\u self\u test

在本例中，如果

/home/you/work

是Git工作目录），因此

grep

将失败。（在

bash-x

成绩单中，您可以看到

grep/opt/script/firstScript

——这正是这个bug。）

既然您已经在文件的目录中，我建议

git diff --name-only origin/master "$(basename "$SCRIPTNAME")"

如果文件未更改，则不会打印任何内容，如果文件已更改，则不会打印单个文件的文件名。遗憾的是，这不会设置其退出代码以指示成功或失败（我想在这里很难定义，尽管传统的惯例是常规的

diff

命令在存在差异时报告非零退出代码），但我们可以使用

git diff --name-only origin/master "$(basename "$SCRIPTNAME")" | grep -q . &&

适用于所有条件。（另请注意）

最后，您自己的尝试也有另一个问题。除了未能执行

exec

，您还有模糊的重定向。您试图将内容发送到文件

a.txt

，但您也试图将相同的内容发送到

/dev/null

。到底是什么？请下决心

不管它值多少钱

echo testing >a.txt 1>/dev/null

将

测试

发送到

/dev/null

；它首先将标准输出重定向到

a.txt

，然后更新重定向，因此，如果

a.txt

中不存在，您只需在其中创建一个空文件即可

---

最后，您可能还应该将私有变量转换为小写；但我发现您只是从另一个答案复制了错误的约定。

在阅读bash-x输出后，我可以给您重写脚本

#!/bin/bash
                                               # Here I remark changes

SCRIPT="$(readlink -f "$0")"
SCRIPTFILE="$(basename "$SCRIPT")"             # get name of the file (not full path)
SCRIPTPATH="$(dirname "$SCRIPT")"
SCRIPTNAME="$0"
ARGS=( "$@" )                                  # fixed to make array of args (see below)
BRANCH="master"

self_update() {
    cd "$SCRIPTPATH"
    git fetch

                                               # in the next line
                                               # 1. added double-quotes (see below)
                                               # 2. removed grep expression so
                                               # git-diff will check only script
                                               # file
    [ -n "$(git diff --name-only "origin/$BRANCH" "$SCRIPTFILE")" ] && {
        echo "Found a new version of me, updating myself..."
        git pull --force
        git checkout "$BRANCH"
        git pull --force
        echo "Running the new version..."
        cd -                                   # return to original working dir
        exec "$SCRIPTNAME" "${ARGS[@]}"

        # Now exit this old instance
        exit 1
    }
    echo "Already the latest version."
}
self_update
echo “some code”

低于1

ARGS=“（$@）”

肯定应该是

ARGS=（“$@”）

，否则在使用

（-h）

参数而不是

-h

执行更新脚本后（通常，它是在所有参数连接在一个字符串中的情况下执行的，也就是说，您以

/opt/script/firstScript-a-b-c

的形式运行它，更新后它以

/opt/script/firstScript'（-a-b-c）

的形式运行。）

---

低于2。在

$（…）

周围必须使用双引号，否则

[-n

使用

]

作为输入参数，并返回true，因为它不是空的（而

[-n

的参数列表中忽略了

git diff | grep

的空输出）（这是循环原因）

如果手动运行，在执行了

pull

之后，

git diff--name only origin/$BRANCH | grep$SCRIPTNAME

命令，您会得到任何输出吗？我添加了输出，请检查它。您只添加了脚本的输出，而不是我要求的。如果我执行git fetch；git reset--hard；git pull；手动。然后，git diff--name-只有origin/$BRANCH | grep$SCRIPTNAME不会打印我的脚本名，但如果我不手动打印，它将输出我的脚本名，并使其进入循环。所以问题是git命令。也许比我有更多git经验的人现在可以看到发生了什么。为了测试，我会放置一个

git diff--name only origin/$BRANCHH

在脚本中的

if

之前，并将输出添加到问题中。我也认为这是原因，但OP试图通过使用保护递归调用来避免这种情况