Mysql 如何为自动完成框选择标签？

以下是我的表格结构：

// tags
+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| id |    name    |            description           | related  | used_num | date_time  |
+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 1  | PHP        | some explanations for PHP        | 1        | 4234     | 1475028896 |
| 2  | SQL        | some explanations for SQL        | 2        | 734      | 1475048601 |
| 3  | jQuery     | some explanations for jQuery     | 3        | 434      | 1475068321 | 
| 4  | MySQL      | some explanations for MySQL      | 2        | 657      | 1475068332 |
| 5  | JavaScript | some explanations for JavaScript | 3        | 3325     | 1475071430 |
| 6  | HTML       | some explanations for HTML       | 6        | 2133     | 1475077842 |
| 7  | postgresql | some explanations for postgresql | 2        | 43       | 1475077851 |
| 8  | script     | some explanations for script     | 8        | 3        | 1475077935 |
+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+

现在我需要根据标签名称的一部分来选择标签，还需要选择所有相关的标签

例如：

字符串：scr。预期产出：

+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 3  | jQuery     | some explanations for jQuery     | 3        | 434      | 1475068321 | 
| 5  | JavaScript | some explanations for JavaScript | 3        | 3325     | 1475071430 |
| 8  | script     | some explanations for script     | 8        | 3        | 1475077935 |
+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
-- Noted that "jQuery" tag is selected because of its relation with "JavaScript" tag

+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 1  | PHP        | some explanations for PHP        | 1        | 4234     | 1475028896 |
+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+

+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 2  | SQL        | some explanations for SQL        | 2        | 734      | 1475048601 |
| 4  | MySQL      | some explanations for MySQL      | 2        | 657      | 1475068332 |
| 7  | postgresql | some explanations for postgresql | 2        | 43       | 1475077851 |
+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
-- Noted that both "SQL" and "postgresql" are selected because of their relation with "MySQL" tag

字符串：ph.预期输出：

+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 3  | jQuery     | some explanations for jQuery     | 3        | 434      | 1475068321 | 
| 5  | JavaScript | some explanations for JavaScript | 3        | 3325     | 1475071430 |
| 8  | script     | some explanations for script     | 8        | 3        | 1475077935 |
+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
-- Noted that "jQuery" tag is selected because of its relation with "JavaScript" tag

+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 1  | PHP        | some explanations for PHP        | 1        | 4234     | 1475028896 |
+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+

+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 2  | SQL        | some explanations for SQL        | 2        | 734      | 1475048601 |
| 4  | MySQL      | some explanations for MySQL      | 2        | 657      | 1475068332 |
| 7  | postgresql | some explanations for postgresql | 2        | 43       | 1475077851 |
+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
-- Noted that both "SQL" and "postgresql" are selected because of their relation with "MySQL" tag

字符串：ys。预期产出：

+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 3  | jQuery     | some explanations for jQuery     | 3        | 434      | 1475068321 | 
| 5  | JavaScript | some explanations for JavaScript | 3        | 3325     | 1475071430 |
| 8  | script     | some explanations for script     | 8        | 3        | 1475077935 |
+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
-- Noted that "jQuery" tag is selected because of its relation with "JavaScript" tag

+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 1  | PHP        | some explanations for PHP        | 1        | 4234     | 1475028896 |
+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+

+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| 2  | SQL        | some explanations for SQL        | 2        | 734      | 1475048601 |
| 4  | MySQL      | some explanations for MySQL      | 2        | 657      | 1475068332 |
| 7  | postgresql | some explanations for postgresql | 2        | 43       | 1475077851 |
+----+------------+----------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
-- Noted that both "SQL" and "postgresql" are selected because of their relation with "MySQL" tag

我该怎么做

实际上我可以这样做：

SELECT * FROM tags WHERE name LIKE %:str%

---

但是我的查询不支持相关列。

将表本身连接起来，并查找出现在两个名称列中的行。这样，您也可以搜索相关元素的名称

SELECT t1.*
FROM tags t1
LEFT JOIN tags t2 ON t1.id = t2.related
WHERE t1.name LIKE %:str% OR t2.name LIKE %:str%;

---

这里的一个选项是自连接标记表，然后根据输入标记对相关标记进行分组连接。下面的查询将输出与给定输入相关的标记的CSV列表。例如，如果：str是“MySQL”，那么输出将是“MySQL，postgresql，SQL”。如果您使用的是PHP或Java之类的语言，那么分解CSV列表并将这些建议放入下拉列表中以便自动完成应该很容易

SELECT t1.name,
       GROUP_CONCAT(t2.name)
FROM tags t1
INNER JOIN tags t2
    ON t1.id = t2.related
WHERE t1.name LIKE '%:str%'     -- e.g. MySQL
GROUP BY t1.name

您还可以进行自连接，并为每个建议的标记返回一条记录：

SELECT t2.name
FROM tags t1
INNER JOIN tags t2
    ON t1.id = t2.related
WHERE t1.name LIKE '%:str%'     -- e.g. MySQL

尝试使用

SELECT * FROM tags a WHERE name LIKE %:str% or exist (SELECT id FROM tags b WHERE b.name LIKE %:str%  and b.id=a.related)

---

因为自动完成必须很快，所以你不能在多个地方寻找答案

---

建立并维护一个自动完成的特殊表格；它将有一个文本或varchar列，其中包含给定项目的所有可能关键字，再加上另一列，其中包含关于它所指内容的信息。

@Drew yeah我知道，这不是您建议的数据库设计。为什么您的例如是完整的标记名？它是否也适用于非完整标记名？像mys、ysql或ys？只有一件事，为什么不选择description并使用_num列？我正试着做这样的事情：听起来不错，向上投票。。但是很模糊。。你能再给我解释一下吗？还是表结构和查询？