Node.js 嵌套引用以填充mongoose 5.0节点

我有两个模型。第一个是UserSchema，第二个是CategorySchema

var UserSchema = Schema({
    firstName: {
        type: String,
        required: true
    },
    secondName: String,
    lastName: {
        type: String,
        required: true
    },
    email: {
        type: String,
        unique: true,
        required: true
    },
    password: {
        type: String,
        required: true
    },
    status: {
        type: String,
        required: true
    },
    roles: [{
        type: Schema.ObjectId,
        ref: 'Role'
    }],

    publications: [{
        title: {
            type: String,

        },
        description: String,
        status: {
            type: String,

        },
        createdAt: {
            type: Date
        },
        updatedAt: {
            type: Date,
            default: Date.now()
        },

        pictures: [{
            name: String
        }],

        categories: [{
            type: Schema.Types.ObjectId,
            ref: 'Category'
        }],...

模型类别为

var CategorySchema = Schema({
    name: String,
    subcategories: [{
        name: String
    }]
});

UserSchema具有发布。出版物包含一个数组。在出版物的内部是包含子类别id数组的类别（子类别是CategorySchema的whithin）

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问题是何时需要填充UserSchema的类别。UserSchema的类别具有属于CategorySchema的子类别的_id数组

我不明白填充userSchema的类别是什么意思，你是指userSchema中的发布类别吗？是的。在UserSchemain内填充出版物类别此链接位于链接和说明中。太清楚了