Powershell 在AWS上使用Terraform安装Windows修补程序

我有一个非常简单的PowerShell脚本，它将生成的测试文件从Windows 2008 R2数据中心服务器（干净的AWS实例）上传到AWS S3存储桶。如果我使用Terraform（

remote exec

provisioner）在服务器上远程运行脚本，则脚本在S3上传时会失败，并出现

StackOverflowException

。当我直接在服务器上运行脚本时，它运行良好并上传文件

我已经尝试了不同大小的文件，14.5MB似乎是StackOverflowException发生之前的最大值。当我将RDP导入服务器并直接运行脚本时，几乎任何大小都可以正常工作。我测试了200MB，效果很好

知道为什么会发生这种情况，或者我能做些什么来修复它吗？我需要上传的实际文件是50MB

下面是重现问题的关键部分<代码>地形.tf文件：

resource "aws_instance" "windows" {
  count                       = "1"
  ami                         = "ami-e935fc94" #base win 2008 R2 datacenter
  instance_type               = "t2.micro"

  connection {
    type     = "winrm"
    user     = "<username>"
    password = "<password>"
    timeout  = "30m"
  }

  provisioner "file" {
    source      = "windows/upload.ps1"
    destination = "C:\\scripts\\upload.ps1"
  }

  provisioner "remote-exec" {
    inline = [
      "powershell.exe -File C:\\scripts\\upload.ps1"
    ]
  }
}

从Terraform启动脚本时收到的错误（

remote exec

provisioner）：

在服务器上从RDP运行

upload.ps1

可以正常工作，包括更大的文件（测试高达200MB）

以下是版本信息：

Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter
Powershell Version: 3.0
AWS Tools for Windows PowerShell, Version 3.3.245.0
Amazon Web Services SDK for .NET, Core Runtime Version 3.3.21.15

---

这个问题是由一个错误引起的。对于标准Windows服务器来说，这一切都很好——您可以修补并继续。但是，使用Terraform的AWS自动化更为棘手

理想的解决方案是1）使用基本AMI，2）将热修复程序应用于自身，3）然后运行WinRM remote exec，所有这些都来自Terraform。另一个解决方案是创建一个安装了修补程序的AMI，并让Terraform使用该AMI生成实例。然而，你却被困在维护AMI上

通常，我使用过滤器获取Microsoft提供的基本AMI：

data "aws_ami" "windows2008" {
  most_recent = true

  filter {
    name   = "virtualization-type"
    values = ["hvm"]
  }

  filter {
    name   = "name"
    values = ["Windows_Server-2008-R2_SP1-English-64Bit-Base*",]
  }

  owners = ["801119661308", "amazon"]
}

然后我使用该AMI创建AWS实例：

resource "aws_instance" "windows" {
  count                       = "1"
  ami                         = "${data.aws_ami.windows2008.id}"
  ...
}

但是，基本AMI没有安装允许您避免此WinRM/Windows错误的。这是一个棘手的问题

您可以使用userdata脚本执行多阶段设置。在实例的第一次启动（第1阶段）中，我们将阻塞该实例，以便在准备就绪之前远程执行器不会进入。然后，我们将下载并安装修补程序，然后重新启动（感谢，和）。在第二次启动时（在描述的方法中），我们将取消阻止实例（启用WinRM），以便远程执行器可以连接

以下是我的userdata/PowerShell脚本：

$StateFile = "C:\Temp\userdata_state.txt"
If(-Not (Test-Path -Path $StateFile))
{
  # PHASE 1

  # Close the instance to WinRM connections until instance is ready (probably already closed, but just in case)
  Start-Process -FilePath "winrm" -ArgumentList "set winrm/config/service/auth @{Basic=`"false`"}" -Wait

  # Set the admin password for WinRM connections
  $Admin = [adsi]("WinNT://./Administrator, user")
  $Admin.psbase.invoke("SetPassword", "${tfi_rm_pass}")

  # Create state file so after reboot it will know
  New-Item -Path $StateFile -ItemType "file" -Force

  # Make it so that userdata will run again after reboot
  $EC2SettingsFile="C:\Program Files\Amazon\Ec2ConfigService\Settings\Config.xml"
  $Xml = [xml](Get-Content $EC2SettingsFile)
  $XmlElement = $Xml.get_DocumentElement()
  $XmlElementToModify = $XmlElement.Plugins

  Foreach ($Element in $XmlElementToModify.Plugin)
  {
      If ($Element.name -eq "Ec2HandleUserData")
      {
          $Element.State="Enabled"
      }
  }
  $Xml.Save($EC2SettingsFile)

  # Download and install hotfix

  # Download self-extractor
  $DownloadUrl = "https://hotfixv4.trafficmanager.net/Windows%207/Windows%20Server2008%20R2%20SP1/sp2/Fix467402/7600/free/463984_intl_x64_zip.exe"
  $HotfixDir = "C:\hotfix"
  $HotfixFile = "$HotfixDir\KB2842230.exe"
  mkdir $HotfixDir
  (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile($DownloadUrl, $HotfixFile)

  # Extract self-extractor
  Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IO.Compression.FileSystem
  [System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::ExtractToDirectory($HotfixFile, $HotfixDir)

  # Install - NOTE: wusa returns immediately, before install completes, so you must check process to see when it finishes
  Get-Item "$HotfixDir\*.msu" | Foreach { wusa ""$_.FullName /quiet /norestart"" ; While (@(Get-Process wusa -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).Count -ne 0) { Start-Sleep 3 } }

  # Reboot
  Restart-Computer
}
Else 
{
  # PHASE 2

  # Open WinRM for remote-exec
  Start-Process -FilePath "winrm" -ArgumentList "quickconfig -q"
  Start-Process -FilePath "winrm" -ArgumentList "set winrm/config/service @{AllowUnencrypted=`"true`"}" -Wait
  Start-Process -FilePath "winrm" -ArgumentList "set winrm/config/service/auth @{Basic=`"true`"}" -Wait
  Start-Process -FilePath "winrm" -ArgumentList "set winrm/config @{MaxTimeoutms=`"1900000`"}"
}

---

您是如何利用powershell获得stackoverflow的？：）由于这个网站的原因，“stackoverflow”并不是很具体，所以谷歌搜索这个问题实际上很棘手

resource "aws_instance" "windows" {
  count                       = "1"
  ami                         = "${data.aws_ami.windows2008.id}"
  ...
}

$StateFile = "C:\Temp\userdata_state.txt"
If(-Not (Test-Path -Path $StateFile))
{
  # PHASE 1

  # Close the instance to WinRM connections until instance is ready (probably already closed, but just in case)
  Start-Process -FilePath "winrm" -ArgumentList "set winrm/config/service/auth @{Basic=`"false`"}" -Wait

  # Set the admin password for WinRM connections
  $Admin = [adsi]("WinNT://./Administrator, user")
  $Admin.psbase.invoke("SetPassword", "${tfi_rm_pass}")

  # Create state file so after reboot it will know
  New-Item -Path $StateFile -ItemType "file" -Force

  # Make it so that userdata will run again after reboot
  $EC2SettingsFile="C:\Program Files\Amazon\Ec2ConfigService\Settings\Config.xml"
  $Xml = [xml](Get-Content $EC2SettingsFile)
  $XmlElement = $Xml.get_DocumentElement()
  $XmlElementToModify = $XmlElement.Plugins

  Foreach ($Element in $XmlElementToModify.Plugin)
  {
      If ($Element.name -eq "Ec2HandleUserData")
      {
          $Element.State="Enabled"
      }
  }
  $Xml.Save($EC2SettingsFile)

  # Download and install hotfix

  # Download self-extractor
  $DownloadUrl = "https://hotfixv4.trafficmanager.net/Windows%207/Windows%20Server2008%20R2%20SP1/sp2/Fix467402/7600/free/463984_intl_x64_zip.exe"
  $HotfixDir = "C:\hotfix"
  $HotfixFile = "$HotfixDir\KB2842230.exe"
  mkdir $HotfixDir
  (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile($DownloadUrl, $HotfixFile)

  # Extract self-extractor
  Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IO.Compression.FileSystem
  [System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::ExtractToDirectory($HotfixFile, $HotfixDir)

  # Install - NOTE: wusa returns immediately, before install completes, so you must check process to see when it finishes
  Get-Item "$HotfixDir\*.msu" | Foreach { wusa ""$_.FullName /quiet /norestart"" ; While (@(Get-Process wusa -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).Count -ne 0) { Start-Sleep 3 } }

  # Reboot
  Restart-Computer
}
Else 
{
  # PHASE 2

  # Open WinRM for remote-exec
  Start-Process -FilePath "winrm" -ArgumentList "quickconfig -q"
  Start-Process -FilePath "winrm" -ArgumentList "set winrm/config/service @{AllowUnencrypted=`"true`"}" -Wait
  Start-Process -FilePath "winrm" -ArgumentList "set winrm/config/service/auth @{Basic=`"true`"}" -Wait
  Start-Process -FilePath "winrm" -ArgumentList "set winrm/config @{MaxTimeoutms=`"1900000`"}"
}