强化PowerShell脚本以使用PowerCLI自动使用虚拟机

为了获得一个干净的环境来运行一些其他脚本，我需要在每次定时任务触发时恢复ESX主机上的虚拟机

可以通过运行以下命令来实现恢复：

Set-VM -VM $VMName -Snapshot "MySnapshot" -Confirm:$false

Start-VM -VM $VMName

Shutdown-VMGuest -VM $VMName -Confirm:$false

可以通过运行以下各项来实现启动：

Set-VM -VM $VMName -Snapshot "MySnapshot" -Confirm:$false

Start-VM -VM $VMName

Shutdown-VMGuest -VM $VMName -Confirm:$false

可通过运行以下程序实现停止：

Set-VM -VM $VMName -Snapshot "MySnapshot" -Confirm:$false

Start-VM -VM $VMName

Shutdown-VMGuest -VM $VMName -Confirm:$false

如何以更安全的方式处理此问题，例如，在恢复、启动或停止VM时能够处理错误，并在成功执行其中一项任务时获得返回

---

我使用的是PowerCLI 6.5.0。

您可以使用多种方法来实现这一点。 以下是两个示例：

使用-error变量

# Revert VM
Set-VM -VM $VMName -Snapshot "MySnapshot" -Confirm:$false -ErrorVariable revertError

If ($revertError)
{
    Write-Host "An error occured while reverting snapshot !" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host $revertError
}
Else
{
    Write-Host "Successfully reverted to snapshot." -ForegroundColor Green
}

# Start VM
Start-VM -VM $VMName -ErrorVariable startError

If ($startError)
{
    Write-Host "An error occured while starting VM :" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host $startError
}
Else
{
    Write-Host "Successfully started VM." -ForegroundColor Green
}

# Stop VM
Shutdown-VMGuest -VM $VMName -Confirm:$false -ErrorVariable shutdownError

If ($shutdownError)
{
    Write-Host "An error occured while shutting down guest OS of VM :" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host $shutdownError
}
Else
{
    Write-Host "Successfully stopped VM." -ForegroundColor Green
}

使用@mark wragg提到的Try/Catch

# Revert VM
Try
{
    # Temporarily make all errors terminating
    $errorActionPreference = "Stop"
    Set-VM -VM $VMName -Snapshot "MySnapshot" -Confirm:$false
    Write-Host "Successfully reverted to snapshot." -ForegroundColor Green
}
Catch
{
    Write-Host "An error occured while reverting snapshot !" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host $_.Exception.Message
}
Finally
{
    $errorActionPreference = "Continue"
}

# Start VM
Try
{
    # Temporarily make all errors terminating
    $errorActionPreference = "Stop"
    Start-VM -VM $VMName
    Write-Host "Successfully started VM." -ForegroundColor Green
}
Catch
{
    Write-Host "An error occured while starting VM :" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host $_.Exception.Message
}
Finally
{
    $errorActionPreference = "Continue"
}

# Stop VM
Try
{
    # Temporarily make all errors terminating
    $errorActionPreference = "Stop"
    Shutdown-VMGuest -VM $VMName -Confirm:$false
    Write-Host "Successfully stopped VM." -ForegroundColor Green
}
Catch
{
    Write-Host "An error occured while shutting down guest OS of VM :" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host $_.Exception.Message
}
Finally
{
    $errorActionPreference = "Continue"
}

---

如果您以前没有尝试过，请查看一下

Try..Catch

的概念。我在这里写了一篇关于它的博客：