Python 3.x 我可以在ubuntu 18.04中安装Python3.7而不在系统中安装Python3.6吗?
请仔细阅读问题,然后作为副本结束,我相信用例是独一无二的 我试图创建一个docker映像,只安装了Python3.7,问题是如果我试图安装pip,该命令还会安装Python3.6,我不想安装它 我正在修补的理想docker文件的相关部分如下Python 3.x 我可以在ubuntu 18.04中安装Python3.7而不在系统中安装Python3.6吗?,python-3.x,docker,ubuntu,pip,Python 3.x,Docker,Ubuntu,Pip,请仔细阅读问题,然后作为副本结束,我相信用例是独一无二的 我试图创建一个docker映像,只安装了Python3.7,问题是如果我试图安装pip,该命令还会安装Python3.6,我不想安装它 我正在修补的理想docker文件的相关部分如下 FROM ubuntu:18.04 # Upgrade installed packages RUN apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y && apt-get clean # (...
FROM ubuntu:18.04
# Upgrade installed packages
RUN apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y && apt-get clean
# (...)
# Python package management and basic dependencies
RUN apt-get install -y python3.7 python3.7-dev python3.7-pip
# Register the version in alternatives
RUN update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3.7 1
# Set python 3 as the default python
RUN update-alternatives --set python /usr/bin/python3.7
# Upgrade pip to latest version
RUN python -m ensurepip --upgrade
# (...)
这将失败,因为python3.7-pip似乎不存在;只有python3pip可以这样做,出于某种原因,这就是安装python3.6的原因
我试着根本不安装pip,而是手动操作,就像这样
# (...)
RUN apt-get install -y python3.7 python3.7-dev
# (...)
RUN curl 'https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py' > get-pip.py
RUN python get-pip.py pip --no-setuptools --no-wheel
出现此错误时失败:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "get-pip.py", line 21492, in <module>
main()
File "get-pip.py", line 197, in main
bootstrap(tmpdir=tmpdir)
File "get-pip.py", line 82, in bootstrap
import pip._internal
File "/tmp/tmpbez2vju9/pip.zip/pip/_internal/__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
File "/tmp/tmpbez2vju9/pip.zip/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py", line 8, in <module>
File "/tmp/tmpbez2vju9/pip.zip/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py", line 8, in <module>
File "/tmp/tmpbez2vju9/pip.zip/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py", line 14, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'distutils.util'
回溯(最近一次呼叫最后一次):
文件“get pip.py”,第21492行,在
main()
文件“getpip.py”,第197行,在main中
引导(tmpdir=tmpdir)
bootstrap中第82行的文件“get pip.py”
导入pip.\u内部
文件“/tmp/tmpbez2vju9/pip.zip/pip/_-internal/_-init__uuuu.py”,第40行,在
文件“/tmp/tmpbez2vju9/pip.zip/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py”,第8行,在
文件“/tmp/tmpbez2vju9/pip.zip/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py”,第8行,在
文件“/tmp/tmpbez2vju9/pip.zip/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py”,第14行,在
ModuleNotFoundError:没有名为'distutils.util'的模块
同样,安装python3 distutils会导致系统中出现python3.6
那么,有没有办法在ubuntu 18.04中只安装功能齐全的python 3.7,而不必安装python 3.6?我看到两种选择:
如果您的唯一需求是python3.7,而底层操作系统的版本并不困扰您,那么您应该选择从官方python3.7映像创建映像。 来自python:3.7的
然后从requirements.txt安装所需的软件包,以防其他人同意安装Python3.6作为一种副作用(Python3.7-distutils介绍了它,正如OP所指出的)。这将安装Python3.7,使其成为默认值,并使用Python3.7安装提供最新的pip
FROM ubuntu:18.04
# Upgrade installed packages
RUN apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y && apt-get clean
# (...)
# Python package management and basic dependencies
RUN apt-get install -y curl python3.7 python3.7-dev python3.7-distutils
# Register the version in alternatives
RUN update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3.7 1
# Set python 3 as the default python
RUN update-alternatives --set python /usr/bin/python3.7
# Upgrade pip to latest version
RUN curl -s https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py && \
python get-pip.py --force-reinstall && \
rm get-pip.py
# (...)
@donhector的解决方案有两个微妙的问题:
它将只安装过时的Python版本3.7.5。您需要repoppa:deadsnakes
才能获得更新版本
通过为python
安装替代品,它打破了将python
用于python2.x的惯例。这可能会出错,明白吗
没有这些问题的解决方案是:
FROM ubuntu:18.04
# Upgrade installed packages
RUN apt update && apt upgrade -y && apt clean
# install python 3.7.10 (or newer)
RUN apt update && \
apt install --no-install-recommends -y build-essential software-properties-common && \
add-apt-repository -y ppa:deadsnakes/ppa && \
apt install --no-install-recommends -y python3.7 python3.7-dev python3.7-distutils && \
apt clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
# Register the version in alternatives (and set higher priority to 3.7)
RUN update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.6 1
RUN update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.7 2
# Upgrade pip to latest version
RUN curl -s https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py && \
python3 get-pip.py --force-reinstall && \
rm get-pip.py
我发现这个人和我有同样的问题,但他们似乎对此没有问题(不像我):不要对python 3使用python
。否则你可能会犯错误,明白吗。最好是运行更新替代方案--安装/usr/bin/python3-python3/usr/bin/python3.7 1
并将python
替换为python3
。