Python 3.x 将request.data映射到onetoone字段

我有一个JSON请求数据，如下所示，我希望使用Django序列化程序和视图处理该数据，以便使用POST请求在数据库中创建记录

{
    "username":"user1",
    "first_name":"name1",
    "email":"name1@gmail.com",
    "phone": "123456",
    "app_id": "435673339303abc"

}

下面是我的Django数据库模型和序列化程序，其中创建了一个自定义用户模型，该模型具有onetoone Django用户模型：

型号.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models


class CustomUserModel(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True)
    app_id = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True)

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('username', 'first_name', 'email')


class CustomUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = UserSerializer(required=True)

    class Meta:
        model = CustomUserModel
        fields = ('user', 'phone', 'app_id')

    def create(self, validated_data):
        user_data = validated_data.pop('user')
        user = UserSerializer.create(UserSerializer(), validated_data=user_data)
        customuser, created = CustomUserModel.objects.update_or_create(user=user, defaults={
            'phone': validated_data.pop('phone'),
            'app_id': validated_data.pop('app_id')})
        return customuser

class usersApi(generics.ListAPIView):
    serializer_class = CustomUserSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CustomUserModel.objects.all()
        return queryset

    def post(self, request, format=None):
        serializer = CustomUserSerializer(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=ValueError):
            serializer.create(validated_data=request.data)
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.error_messages,
                        status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

class usersApi(generics.ListAPIView):
    serializer_class = CustomUserSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CustomUserModel.objects.all()
        return queryset

    def post(self, request, format=None):
        username = request.data['username']
        first_name = request.data['first_name']
        email = request.data['email']
        phone = request.data['phone']
        app_id = request.data['app_id']

        user_data = {'user': {'username': username, 'first_name': first_name, 'email': email}, 'phone': phone,
                     'app_id': app_id}
        serializer = CustomUserSerializer(data=user_data)

        if serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=ValueError):
            serializer.create(validated_data=user_data)
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.error_messages,
                        status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

序列化程序.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models


class CustomUserModel(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True)
    app_id = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True)

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('username', 'first_name', 'email')


class CustomUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = UserSerializer(required=True)

    class Meta:
        model = CustomUserModel
        fields = ('user', 'phone', 'app_id')

    def create(self, validated_data):
        user_data = validated_data.pop('user')
        user = UserSerializer.create(UserSerializer(), validated_data=user_data)
        customuser, created = CustomUserModel.objects.update_or_create(user=user, defaults={
            'phone': validated_data.pop('phone'),
            'app_id': validated_data.pop('app_id')})
        return customuser

class usersApi(generics.ListAPIView):
    serializer_class = CustomUserSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CustomUserModel.objects.all()
        return queryset

    def post(self, request, format=None):
        serializer = CustomUserSerializer(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=ValueError):
            serializer.create(validated_data=request.data)
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.error_messages,
                        status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

class usersApi(generics.ListAPIView):
    serializer_class = CustomUserSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CustomUserModel.objects.all()
        return queryset

    def post(self, request, format=None):
        username = request.data['username']
        first_name = request.data['first_name']
        email = request.data['email']
        phone = request.data['phone']
        app_id = request.data['app_id']

        user_data = {'user': {'username': username, 'first_name': first_name, 'email': email}, 'phone': phone,
                     'app_id': app_id}
        serializer = CustomUserSerializer(data=user_data)

        if serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=ValueError):
            serializer.create(validated_data=user_data)
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.error_messages,
                        status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

视图.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models


class CustomUserModel(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True)
    app_id = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True)

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('username', 'first_name', 'email')


class CustomUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = UserSerializer(required=True)

    class Meta:
        model = CustomUserModel
        fields = ('user', 'phone', 'app_id')

    def create(self, validated_data):
        user_data = validated_data.pop('user')
        user = UserSerializer.create(UserSerializer(), validated_data=user_data)
        customuser, created = CustomUserModel.objects.update_or_create(user=user, defaults={
            'phone': validated_data.pop('phone'),
            'app_id': validated_data.pop('app_id')})
        return customuser

class usersApi(generics.ListAPIView):
    serializer_class = CustomUserSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CustomUserModel.objects.all()
        return queryset

    def post(self, request, format=None):
        serializer = CustomUserSerializer(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=ValueError):
            serializer.create(validated_data=request.data)
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.error_messages,
                        status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

class usersApi(generics.ListAPIView):
    serializer_class = CustomUserSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CustomUserModel.objects.all()
        return queryset

    def post(self, request, format=None):
        username = request.data['username']
        first_name = request.data['first_name']
        email = request.data['email']
        phone = request.data['phone']
        app_id = request.data['app_id']

        user_data = {'user': {'username': username, 'first_name': first_name, 'email': email}, 'phone': phone,
                     'app_id': app_id}
        serializer = CustomUserSerializer(data=user_data)

        if serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=ValueError):
            serializer.create(validated_data=user_data)
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.error_messages,
                        status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

但是有了这个序列化程序和视图，我必须用用户对象传递一个嵌套的json数据，如下所示，我不想这样做

{
    "user":
    {
    "username":"user1",
    "first_name":"name1",
    "email":"name1@gmail.com"
    },
    "phone": "123456",
    "app_id": "435673339303abc"
}

---

您可以从视图中的CustomUserModel获取行。

---

CustomUserModel.objects.get（user=request.user.user\id）

经过多次迭代，我找到了一种方法，将请求数据映射到字典中。 视图.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models


class CustomUserModel(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True)
    app_id = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True)

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('username', 'first_name', 'email')


class CustomUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = UserSerializer(required=True)

    class Meta:
        model = CustomUserModel
        fields = ('user', 'phone', 'app_id')

    def create(self, validated_data):
        user_data = validated_data.pop('user')
        user = UserSerializer.create(UserSerializer(), validated_data=user_data)
        customuser, created = CustomUserModel.objects.update_or_create(user=user, defaults={
            'phone': validated_data.pop('phone'),
            'app_id': validated_data.pop('app_id')})
        return customuser

class usersApi(generics.ListAPIView):
    serializer_class = CustomUserSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CustomUserModel.objects.all()
        return queryset

    def post(self, request, format=None):
        serializer = CustomUserSerializer(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=ValueError):
            serializer.create(validated_data=request.data)
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.error_messages,
                        status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

class usersApi(generics.ListAPIView):
    serializer_class = CustomUserSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CustomUserModel.objects.all()
        return queryset

    def post(self, request, format=None):
        username = request.data['username']
        first_name = request.data['first_name']
        email = request.data['email']
        phone = request.data['phone']
        app_id = request.data['app_id']

        user_data = {'user': {'username': username, 'first_name': first_name, 'email': email}, 'phone': phone,
                     'app_id': app_id}
        serializer = CustomUserSerializer(data=user_data)

        if serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=ValueError):
            serializer.create(validated_data=user_data)
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.error_messages,
                        status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

---

你能详细说明一下吗？我想Django内置用户模型没有用户id字段！必须有一个用户模型，通过用户id，我指的是用户模型中的主键i修改的视图代码是这样的：

def post（self，request，format=None）：serializer=CustomUserModel.objects.get（User=request.User.User\id）

这是一个抛出错误：

“匿名用户”对象没有属性“用户id”

我通过在控制台中打印request.POST进行了检查。它给了我

现在只需从用户模型中获取所有对象，然后查看主键或唯一键是什么。使用.all（）获取所有行。对不起，我对django知之甚少。默认情况下，

id

将是

User

model right的主键字段？你能描述完整的代码让我容易理解吗？