Python 3.x 使用Pycryptodome签名和验证签名总是失败

嗨，我正在使用Pycryptodome包尝试验证区块链中交易的签名。我的问题是，当尝试添加一个新事务时，我首先创建一个要传递到验证事务方法中的签名，但由于某种原因，它总是失败，即使当我将其与文档进行比较时，逻辑似乎是正确的。如果有人能告诉我哪里出了问题，我将不胜感激。我有3种方法可以处理所有这些问题，我不确定问题出在哪里

生成密钥方法

def generate_keys(self):
        # generate private key pair
        private_key = RSA.generate(1024, Crypto.Random.new().read)

        # public key comes as part of private key generation
        public_key = private_key.publickey()

        # return keys as hexidecimal representation of binary data
        return (binascii.hexlify(public_key.exportKey(format='DER')).decode('ascii'), binascii.hexlify(private_key.exportKey(format='DER')).decode('ascii'))

签名事务处理方法

def sign_transaction(self, sender, recipient, amount, key):

        # convert transaction data to SHA256 string
        hash_signer = SHA256.new(
            (str(sender) + str(recipient) + str(amount)).encode('utf-8'))

        # sign transaction
        signature = pkcs1_15.new(RSA.importKey(
            binascii.unhexlify(key))).sign(hash_signer)


        # return hexidecimal representation of signature
        return binascii.hexlify(signature).decode('ascii')

@staticmethod
def verify_transaction(transaction):
        # convert public key back to binary representation
        public_key = RSA.importKey(binascii.unhexlify(
            transaction.sender))

        try:
            # create signature from transaction data
            hash_signer = SHA256.new(
                (str(transaction.sender) + str(transaction.recipient) + str(transaction.amount)).encode('utf-8'))


            pkcs1_15.new(public_key).verify(
                hash_signer, binascii.unhexlify(transaction.signature))


            return True
        except ValueError:
            return False

以及验证事务方法

def sign_transaction(self, sender, recipient, amount, key):

        # convert transaction data to SHA256 string
        hash_signer = SHA256.new(
            (str(sender) + str(recipient) + str(amount)).encode('utf-8'))

        # sign transaction
        signature = pkcs1_15.new(RSA.importKey(
            binascii.unhexlify(key))).sign(hash_signer)


        # return hexidecimal representation of signature
        return binascii.hexlify(signature).decode('ascii')

@staticmethod
def verify_transaction(transaction):
        # convert public key back to binary representation
        public_key = RSA.importKey(binascii.unhexlify(
            transaction.sender))

        try:
            # create signature from transaction data
            hash_signer = SHA256.new(
                (str(transaction.sender) + str(transaction.recipient) + str(transaction.amount)).encode('utf-8'))


            pkcs1_15.new(public_key).verify(
                hash_signer, binascii.unhexlify(transaction.signature))


            return True
        except ValueError:
            return False

---

一旦我生成了我的密钥对并尝试使用它们来签名和验证事务，它总是失败。我知道这一点，因为它总是从verify方法返回false，这使我相信总是会引发值错误。提前谢谢，希望有人能帮我。

我不能重复这个问题。签名和验证时，

sender

真的包含公钥吗？是的，sender包含公钥，所以你说它对你有效？是的，我使用了可以执行的公钥，例如。