如何获取本地安装的Python模块列表？
我想获得Python模块的列表，这些模块在我的Python安装（UNIX服务器）中 如何获得安装在计算机中的Python模块列表如何获取本地安装的Python模块列表？,python,module,pip,Python,Module,Pip,我想获得Python模块的列表，这些模块在我的Python安装（UNIX服务器）中 如何获得安装在计算机中的Python模块列表 help('modules') 在pythonshell/prompt中。现在，我自己尝试了这些方法，得到了广告上所宣传的：所有模块 唉，你真的不太关心stdlib，你知道安装python会得到什么 真的，我想要我安装的东西 令人惊讶的是，实际上效果很好的是： pip freeze 它返回： Fabric==0.9.3 apache-libcloud==0.4.0
help('modules')
在pythonshell/prompt中。现在，我自己尝试了这些方法，得到了广告上所宣传的：所有模块 唉，你真的不太关心stdlib，你知道安装python会得到什么 真的，我想要我安装的东西 令人惊讶的是，实际上效果很好的是：
pip freeze
Fabric==0.9.3
apache-libcloud==0.4.0
bzr==2.3b4
distribute==0.6.14
docutils==0.7
greenlet==0.3.1
ipython==0.10.1
iterpipes==0.4
libxml2-python==2.6.21
- 在中，您可以键入“
Tab”import - 在标准Python解释器中，可以键入“
”help（'modules'） - 在命令行中，您可以使用
模块 - 在脚本中，调用
我只是用它来查看当前使用的模块：
import sys as s
s.modules.keys()
s.modules
这是一个包含所有模块和导入对象的dict。我在OS X上遇到了一个自定义安装的python 2.7。它要求X11列出已安装的模块（使用help和pydoc） 为了能够在不安装X11的情况下列出所有模块，我将pydoc作为http服务器运行，即：
pydoc -p 12345
然后可以将Safari指向
http://localhost:12345/pip冻结pip list
$ cd /tmp
$ virtualenv test_env
New python executable in test_env/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip...done.
$ source test_env/bin/activate
(test_env) $
这似乎是“pip freeze”的语法糖。它将列出您的安装或virtualenv所特有的所有模块及其版本号。不幸的是，它没有显示任何模块的当前版本号，也没有为您洗碗或擦鞋。在普通shell中，只需使用即可
pydoc modules
$conda list
除了上面描述的解决方案之外。如果我们需要在Python shell中列出已安装的软件包，我们可以使用
help>>> help('modules package')
sys.modulespip安装），您可以查看pip.get\u installed\u distributions（）
import pip
for package in pip.get_installed_distributions():
name = package.project_name # SQLAlchemy, Django, Flask-OAuthlib
key = package.key # sqlalchemy, django, flask-oauthlib
module_name = package._get_metadata("top_level.txt") # sqlalchemy, django, flask_oauthlib
location = package.location # virtualenv lib directory etc.
version = package.version # version number
导入pip
installed\u packages=pip.get\u installed\u发行版（）
已安装的软件包\u列表=已排序（[%s==%s”%（i.key，i.version）
对于已安装的软件包中的i]）
打印（已安装的软件包列表）
已排序（[%s==%s”%（i.key，i.version）用于pip.get\u installed\u distributions（）
['behave==1.2.4'、'enum34==1.0'、'flask==0.10.1'、'itsDanger==0.24'，
“jinja2==2.7.2”，“jsonschema==2.3.0”，“markupsafe==0.23”，“nose==1.3.3”，
'parse type==0.3.4'、'parse==1.6.4'、'prettytable==0.7.2'、'requests==2.3.0'，
'six==1.6.1'、'vioozer元数据==0.1'、'vioozer用户服务器==0.1'，
'werkzeug==0.9.4']
setuptoolspipeasy\u install$ cd /tmp
$ virtualenv test_env
New python executable in test_env/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip...done.
$ source test_env/bin/activate
(test_env) $
http://example.com/exampleServer/environmentsetup.pysetup.py(test_env) $ git clone https://github.com/behave/behave.git
Cloning into 'behave'...
remote: Reusing existing pack: 4350, done.
remote: Total 4350 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (4350/4350), 1.85 MiB | 418.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (2388/2388), done.
Checking connectivity... done.
$ cd /tmp
$ virtualenv test_env
New python executable in test_env/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip...done.
$ source test_env/bin/activate
(test_env) $
setup.py(test_env) $ git clone https://github.com/behave/behave.git
Cloning into 'behave'...
remote: Reusing existing pack: 4350, done.
remote: Total 4350 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (4350/4350), 1.85 MiB | 418.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (2388/2388), done.
Checking connectivity... done.
/tmp/behavesetup.py(test_env) $ git clone https://github.com/behave/behave.git
Cloning into 'behave'...
remote: Reusing existing pack: 4350, done.
remote: Total 4350 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (4350/4350), 1.85 MiB | 418.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (2388/2388), done.
Checking connectivity... done.
(test_env) $ ls /tmp/behave/setup.py
/tmp/behave/setup.py
(test_env) $ cd /tmp/behave && pip install .
running install
...
Installed /private/tmp/test_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/enum34-1.0-py2.7.egg
Finished processing dependencies for behave==1.2.5a1
/tmp/tmp/behavebehave==1.2.5a1behavesetup.py(test_env) $ git clone https://github.com/behave/behave.git
Cloning into 'behave'...
remote: Reusing existing pack: 4350, done.
remote: Total 4350 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (4350/4350), 1.85 MiB | 418.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (2388/2388), done.
Checking connectivity... done.
我在文件中找不到任何关于这个问题的参考资料。也许我应该为它打开一个bug。在windows上，在cmd中输入这个
c:\python\libs>python -m pip freeze
pipfreeze查找所有包都要做，但是可以简单地编写以下命令来列出python包所在的所有路径
>>> import site; site.getsitepackages()
['/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages']
此解决方案主要基于模块
importlibpkgutil解释
sys.builtin\u module\u namepkgutil.iter_modules（）importlib.util.find_spec（）BuiltinImporterSourceFileLoaderExtensionFileLoader完整代码
import sys
import os
import shutil
import pkgutil
import importlib
import collections
if sys.version_info.major == 2:
raise NotImplementedError('CPython 2 is not supported yet')
def main():
# name this file (module)
this_module_name = os.path.basename(__file__).rsplit('.')[0]
# dict for loaders with their modules
loaders = collections.OrderedDict()
# names`s of build-in modules
for module_name in sys.builtin_module_names:
# find an information about a module by name
module = importlib.util.find_spec(module_name)
# add a key about a loader in the dict, if not exists yet
if module.loader not in loaders:
loaders[module.loader] = []
# add a name and a location about imported module in the dict
loaders[module.loader].append((module.name, module.origin))
# all available non-build-in modules
for module_name in pkgutil.iter_modules():
# ignore this module
if this_module_name == module_name[1]:
continue
# find an information about a module by name
module = importlib.util.find_spec(module_name[1])
# add a key about a loader in the dict, if not exists yet
loader = type(module.loader)
if loader not in loaders:
loaders[loader] = []
# add a name and a location about imported module in the dict
loaders[loader].append((module.name, module.origin))
# pretty print
line = '-' * shutil.get_terminal_size().columns
for loader, modules in loaders.items():
print('{0}\n{1}: {2}\n{0}'.format(line, len(modules), loader))
for module in modules:
print('{0:30} | {1}'.format(module[0], module[1]))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
用法
import sys
import os
import shutil
import pkgutil
import importlib
import collections
if sys.version_info.major == 2:
raise NotImplementedError('CPython 2 is not supported yet')
def main():
# name this file (module)
this_module_name = os.path.basename(__file__).rsplit('.')[0]
# dict for loaders with their modules
loaders = collections.OrderedDict()
# names`s of build-in modules
for module_name in sys.builtin_module_names:
# find an information about a module by name
module = importlib.util.find_spec(module_name)
# add a key about a loader in the dict, if not exists yet
if module.loader not in loaders:
loaders[module.loader] = []
# add a name and a location about imported module in the dict
loaders[module.loader].append((module.name, module.origin))
# all available non-build-in modules
for module_name in pkgutil.iter_modules():
# ignore this module
if this_module_name == module_name[1]:
continue
# find an information about a module by name
module = importlib.util.find_spec(module_name[1])
# add a key about a loader in the dict, if not exists yet
loader = type(module.loader)
if loader not in loaders:
loaders[loader] = []
# add a name and a location about imported module in the dict
loaders[loader].append((module.name, module.origin))
# pretty print
line = '-' * shutil.get_terminal_size().columns
for loader, modules in loaders.items():
print('{0}\n{1}: {2}\n{0}'.format(line, len(modules), loader))
for module in modules:
print('{0:30} | {1}'.format(module[0], module[1]))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
$python3.5 python\u modules\u info.py
------------------------------------------
import tabulate
try:
from pip import get_installed_distributions
except:
from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_installed_distributions
tabpackages = []
for _, package in sorted([('%s %s' % (i.location, i.key), i) for i in get_installed_distributions()]):
tabpackages.append([package.location, package.key, package.version])
print(tabulate.tabulate(tabpackages))
19:33 pi@rpi-v3 [iot-wifi-2] ~/python$ python installed_packages.py
------------------------------------------- -------------- ------
/home/pi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages enum-compat 0.0.2
/home/pi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages enum34 1.1.6
/home/pi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages pexpect 4.2.1
/home/pi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages ptyprocess 0.5.2
/home/pi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages pygatt 3.2.0
/home/pi/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages pyserial 3.4
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages bluepy 1.1.1
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages click 6.7
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages click-datetime 0.2
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages construct 2.8.21
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages pyaudio 0.2.11
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages tabulate 0.8.2
------------------------------------------- -------------- ------
import pkgutil
__version__ = '0.1.1'
def get_ver(name):
try:
return str(__import__(name).__version__)
except:
return None
def lambda_handler(event, context):
return {
'statusCode': 200,
'body': [{
'path': m.module_finder.path,
'name': m.name,
'version': get_ver(m.name),
} for m in list(pkgutil.iter_modules())
#if m.module_finder.path == "/var/runtime" # Uncomment this if you only care about a certain path
],
}
{
"statusCode": 200,
"body": [
{
"path": "/var/task",
"name": "lambda_function",
"version": "0.1.1"
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "bootstrap",
"version": null
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "boto3",
"version": "1.9.42"
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "botocore",
"version": "1.12.42"
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "dateutil",
"version": "2.7.5"
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "docutils",
"version": "0.14"
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "jmespath",
"version": "0.9.3"
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "lambda_runtime_client",
"version": null
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "lambda_runtime_exception",
"version": null
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "lambda_runtime_marshaller",
"version": null
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "s3transfer",
"version": "0.1.13"
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "six",
"version": "1.11.0"
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "test_bootstrap",
"version": null
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "test_lambda_runtime_client",
"version": null
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "test_lambda_runtime_marshaller",
"version": null
},
{
"path": "/var/runtime",
"name": "urllib3",
"version": "1.24.1"
},
{
"path": "/var/lang/lib/python3.7",
"name": "__future__",
"version": null
},
...
pip list
pip freeze
import pip
pip.main(['list]) # this will print all the packages
help('modules')
In [1]: import #import press-TAB
Display all 631 possibilities? (y or n)
ANSI audiodev markupbase
AptUrl audioop markupsafe
ArgImagePlugin avahi marshal
BaseHTTPServer axi math
Bastion base64 md5
BdfFontFile bdb mhlib
BmpImagePlugin binascii mimetools
BufrStubImagePlugin binhex mimetypes
CDDB bisect mimify
CDROM bonobo mmap
CGIHTTPServer brlapi mmkeys
Canvas bsddb modulefinder
CommandNotFound butterfly multifile
ConfigParser bz2 multiprocessing
ContainerIO cPickle musicbrainz2
Cookie cProfile mutagen
Crypto cStringIO mutex
CurImagePlugin cairo mx
DLFCN calendar netrc
DcxImagePlugin cdrom new
Dialog cgi nis
DiscID cgitb nntplib
DistUpgrade checkbox ntpath
pip install pkgutil
import pkgutil
for i in pkgutil.iter_modules(None): # returns a tuple (path, package_name, ispkg_flag)
print(i[1]) #or you can append it to a list
multiprocessing
netrc
nntplib
ntpath
nturl2path
numbers
opcode
pickle
pickletools
pipes
pkgutil
import pkg_resources
installed_packages = {d.project_name: d.version for d in pkg_resources.working_set}
print(installed_packages)
pip install pip-chill
pip-chill