Python 函数无意识地改变变量
我想在rotateshape（）中的for循环中使用baseTriangle和baseSquare变量，但当它们被放入时，函数似乎会改变它们，这意味着它们随着每个循环而变大。不知道为什么会这样，请帮忙Python 函数无意识地改变变量,python,variables,scale,python-imaging-library,Python,Variables,Scale,Python Imaging Library,我想在rotateshape（）中的for循环中使用baseTriangle和baseSquare变量，但当它们被放入时，函数似乎会改变它们，这意味着它们随着每个循环而变大。不知道为什么会这样，请帮忙 #! /usr/bin/env python import Image, ImageDraw import math # functions def rotateShape(shapeXCoordinates, shapeYCoordinates, b
#! /usr/bin/env python
import Image, ImageDraw
import math
# functions
def rotateShape(shapeXCoordinates, shapeYCoordinates, baseXCoordinates, baseYCoordinates):
# Written by: some guy who had to do this once and thought it better to share rather than let other people suffer through the monotony
# This function below takes a shape and rotates, scales and translates it so that the first two coordinates are equal to the baseCoordinates
# Make sure that the distance between the first two shape coordinates is 1 and that they lie on the x-axis
# Find the dx, dy and the length of the baseCoordinates pair
#print 'Base coordinates: ' + str(zip(baseXCoordinates, baseYCoordinates))
dx = baseXCoordinates[1] - baseXCoordinates[0]
#print 'dx: ' + str(dx)
dy = baseYCoordinates[1] - baseYCoordinates[0]
#print 'dy: ' + str(dy)
magnitude = math.sqrt(dx**2+dy**2)
#print 'magnitude: ' + str(magnitude)
#print 'Start: ' + str(zip(shapeXCoordinates, shapeYCoordinates))
# Rotate the matrix
a = dx/magnitude
b = -dy/magnitude
c = dy/magnitude
d = dx/magnitude
for i in range(0,len(shapeXCoordinates)):
# Find the new x value
newX = a*shapeXCoordinates[i]+b*shapeYCoordinates[i]
# Find the new y value
newY = c*shapeXCoordinates[i]+d*shapeYCoordinates[i]
# Replace the old with the new
shapeXCoordinates[i] = newX
shapeYCoordinates[i] = newY
#print 'After rotate: ' + str(zip(shapeXCoordinates, shapeYCoordinates))
# Scale the matrix
for i in range(0,len(shapeXCoordinates)):
shapeXCoordinates[i] = shapeXCoordinates[i]*magnitude
shapeYCoordinates[i] = shapeYCoordinates[i]*magnitude
#print 'After scale: ' + str(zip(shapeXCoordinates, shapeYCoordinates))
# Translate the matrix
for i in range(0,len(shapeXCoordinates)):
shapeXCoordinates[i] = shapeXCoordinates[i]+baseXCoordinates[0]
shapeYCoordinates[i] = shapeYCoordinates[i]+baseYCoordinates[0]
#print 'After translate: ' + str(zip(shapeXCoordinates, shapeYCoordinates))
return (shapeXCoordinates, shapeYCoordinates)
# create a bitmap
img = Image.new('RGB', (3840, 2160))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
# setting up the varibales
# insert angle
angle = 30
angle_2 = 90 - angle
a = math.sin(angle_2) * 1
# working out the Y of the triangle
y = math.sin(angle) * a
# working out the X of Y
x = math.tan(angle)/y
baseTriangle_X = [0, 1, x]
baseTriangle_Y = [0, 0, y]
baseSquare_X = [0, 1, 1, 0]
baseSquare_Y = [0, 0, 1, 1]
startPosition_X = [1800, 2200] # flipped numbers as bitmap counts from the top left so that tree is created downwards
startPosition_Y = [0, 0]
# set number of iterations
numberOfIterations = 10
# set colour
redStart = 255
greenStart = 253
blueStart = 208
redEnd = 228
greenEnd = 82
blueEnd = 0
# colour change
redChange =(redEnd - redStart)/numberOfIterations
greenChange =(greenEnd - greenStart)/numberOfIterations
blueChange =(blueEnd - blueStart)/numberOfIterations
# set up the list of squares to make (fill with the start position)
squaresToMake_X = []
squaresToMake_Y = []
squaresToMake_X.extend(startPosition_X)
squaresToMake_Y.extend(startPosition_Y)
# set up the list of triangles
trianglesToMake_X = []
trianglesToMake_Y = []
# creating the tree
print '//////////////////////////////'
print '// // // // //'
print '//// //// ////// ////// //////'
print '//// //// ////// // //'
print '//// //// ////// ////// //////'
print '//// //// ////// // //'
print '//////////////////////////////'
# background colour
draw.rectangle((0,0,3839,2759), fill=(220, 255, 250))
for i in xrange(0, numberOfIterations):
redCurrent = redStart + redChange * i
greenCurrent = greenStart + greenChange * i
blueCurrent = blueStart + blueChange * i
# making squares
for j in xrange(0, len(squaresToMake_X)/2):
print 'Iteration ' + str(i) + ' of ' + str(numberOfIterations) + '. Square ' + str(j) + ' of ' + str(len(squaresToMake_X)/2)
k = j * 2
newVertices_X, newVertices_Y = rotateShape([0, 1, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1, 1], squaresToMake_X[k:k+2], squaresToMake_Y[k:k+2])
# merge x and y
combinedVertices = zip(newVertices_X, newVertices_Y)
# draw
#print 'Drawing square:'
#print combinedVertices
draw.polygon(combinedVertices, fill = (redCurrent, greenCurrent, blueCurrent))
trianglesToMake_X.extend([newVertices_X[3], newVertices_X[2]])
trianglesToMake_Y.extend([newVertices_Y[3], newVertices_Y[2]])
#print 'Triangles to make:'
#print zip(trianglesToMake_X, trianglesToMake_Y)
squaresToMake_X = []
squaresToMake_Y = []
# making triangles
for j in xrange(0, len(trianglesToMake_X)/2):
print 'Iteration ' + str(i) + ' of ' + str(numberOfIterations) + '. Triangle ' + str(j) + ' of ' + str(len(trianglesToMake_X)/2)
k = j * 2
newVertices_X, newVertices_Y = rotateShape([0, 1, 0.5], [0, 0, 0.5], trianglesToMake_X[k:k+2], trianglesToMake_Y[k:k+2])
# merge x and y
combinedVertices = zip(newVertices_X, newVertices_Y)
# draw
#print 'Drawing triangle:'
#print combinedVertices
draw.polygon(combinedVertices, fill = (redCurrent, greenCurrent, blueCurrent))
squaresToMake_X.extend([newVertices_X[0], newVertices_X[2], newVertices_X[2], newVertices_X[1]])
squaresToMake_Y.extend([newVertices_Y[0], newVertices_Y[2], newVertices_Y[2], newVertices_Y[1]])
#print 'Squares to make:'
#print zip(squaresToMake_X, squaresToMake_Y)
trianglesToMake_X = []
trianglesToMake_Y = []
print '----------'
img2=img.rotate(180)
img2.show()
listshapeXCoordinates[i]=newXshapeX = shapeXCoordinates[:]
shapeXshapeXCoordinates