Python Django序列化程序从post访问json数据（字符串索引必须是整数）

我正在尝试为register post请求的验证创建序列化程序 通过POST请求发送到API的json：

{
    "username": "dat@icts.vn",
    "password": "123456",
    "confirm_password": "123456"
}

用于验证的我的序列化程序：

class RegisterSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    username = serializers.EmailField(required=True)
    password = serializers.CharField(required=True)
    confirm_password = serializers.CharField(required=True)

    def validate_username(self, username):
        existing_email = User.objects.filter(email=username).first()
        if existing_email:
            raise serializers.ValidationError("Email already registered")

        return username
    def validate_confirm_password(self, data):
        if data['password']:
            if data['confirm_password'] != data['password']:
                raise serializers.ValidationError("Confirm password not match password")

            return data['confirm_password']

我的视图寄存器功能：

@csrf_exempt
@require_http_methods(["POST"])
def register(request):
    received_json_data=json.loads(request.body)
    valid_ser = RegisterSerializer(data=received_json_data)
    if valid_ser.is_valid():
        post_username = received_json_data["username"]
        post_password = received_json_data["password"] 
        user = User.objects.create_user(username=post_username,password=post_password)
        user.save()
        refresh = RefreshToken.for_user(user)

        content = {
            'refresh': str(refresh),
            'access': str(refresh.access_token),
        }

        return JsonResponse(content)
    else:
        return JsonResponse({'code':'400','errors':valid_ser.errors}, status=400)

发送POST请求时，出现以下错误：

File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 34, in inner
web_1       |     response = get_response(request)
web_1       |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 115, in _get_response
web_1       |     response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
web_1       |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 113, in _get_response
web_1       |     response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
web_1       |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py", line 54, in wrapped_view
web_1       |     return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
web_1       |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/views/decorators/http.py", line 40, in inner
web_1       |     return func(request, *args, **kwargs)
web_1       |   File "/app/api/views.py", line 84, in register
web_1       |     if valid_ser.is_valid():
web_1       |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 235, in is_valid
web_1       |     self._validated_data = self.run_validation(self.initial_data)
web_1       |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 430, in run_validation
web_1       |     value = self.to_internal_value(data)
web_1       |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 489, in to_internal_value
web_1       |     validated_value = validate_method(validated_value)
web_1       |   File "/app/api/views.py", line 49, in validate_confirm_password
web_1       |     if data['password']:
web_1       | TypeError: string indices must be integers
web_1       | [05/Sep/2019 04:59:33] "POST /api/register HTTP/1.1" 500 99431

---

似乎我无法用序列化器中的密钥访问json数据变量，我有点被困在这个问题上。任何帮助都将非常感谢。

它类似于

validate\u username（self，username）

方法，

validate\u confirm\u password（self，data）

中的

data

参数实际上是密码值，它是一个字符串

---

Ref

您应该将函数

validate\u confirm\u password

重命名为

validate

如前一个响应中所述，

validate{field_name}

用作并将接收/返回实际字段的值，而不是当前数据

相反，您要做的是使用

验证

（例如）

在您的情况下，这将给出：

class RegisterSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    username = serializers.EmailField(required=True)
    password = serializers.CharField(required=True)
    confirm_password = serializers.CharField(required=True)

    def validate_username(self, username):
        existing_email = User.objects.filter(email=username).first()
        if existing_email:
            raise serializers.ValidationError("Email already registered")

        return username

    def validate(self, data):
        if data['password']:
            if data['confirm_password'] != data['password']:
                raise serializers.ValidationError("Confirm password not match password")

        return data

---

在

validate\u fieldname（self，fieldvalue）

中，您将获得要验证的字段的实际值

由于您已使用username值直接过滤

validate\u username

方法中的现有记录

但是在

validate\u confirm\u password

方法中，您试图验证密码，这是不正确的方法

要根据完整的请求进行验证，您可以使用

validate

方法

def validate(self, data):
    username = data["username"]
    password = data["password"]
    confirm_password = data["confirm_password"]
    # your validation  logic

正如上面所说：

我们对初始数据进行了两级验证：

:

您可以通过向序列化程序子类添加。

validate\uu

方法来指定自定义字段级验证。这些方法类似于Django表单上的。

clean

方法

示例：

from rest_framework import serializers

class BlogPostSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    title = serializers.CharField(max_length=100)
    content = serializers.CharField()

    def validate_title(self, value):
        """
        Check that the blog post is about Django.
        """
        if 'django' not in value.lower():
            raise serializers.ValidationError("Blog post is not about Django")
        return value

from rest_framework import serializers

class EventSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    description = serializers.CharField(max_length=100)
    start = serializers.DateTimeField()
    finish = serializers.DateTimeField()

    def validate(self, data):
        """
        Check that start is before finish.
        """
        if data['start'] > data['finish']:
            raise serializers.ValidationError("finish must occur after start")
        return data

注意：如果在序列化程序上使用参数

required=False声明了
，则如果未包含该字段，则不会执行此验证步骤

:

要执行需要访问多个字段的任何其他验证，请将名为
.validate（）
的方法添加到序列化程序子类中。此方法采用单个参数，即字段值字典。如果需要，它应该引发serializers.ValidationError，或者只返回已验证的值

示例：

from rest_framework import serializers

class BlogPostSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    title = serializers.CharField(max_length=100)
    content = serializers.CharField()

    def validate_title(self, value):
        """
        Check that the blog post is about Django.
        """
        if 'django' not in value.lower():
            raise serializers.ValidationError("Blog post is not about Django")
        return value

from rest_framework import serializers

class EventSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    description = serializers.CharField(max_length=100)
    start = serializers.DateTimeField()
    finish = serializers.DateTimeField()

    def validate(self, data):
        """
        Check that start is before finish.
        """
        if data['start'] > data['finish']:
            raise serializers.ValidationError("finish must occur after start")
        return data

因此，您应该在
validate（data）
方法中验证
confirm\u password
，您可以这样访问数据：

def validate(data):

    confirm_password = data.get('confirm_password', None)
    password = data.get('password', None)

    # don't forget to return validated data
    return data


您在哪里呼叫
validate\u confirm\u password
？感谢您的解释，我直到现在才知道，我还必须更改ValidationError，否则它将显示错误字段属于非字段错误，这不是正确的响应。ValidationError（{'confirm_password'：['confirm password not match password']}）