Python Django如何从ManyToManyField序列化并列出所有
我正在用Django 1.9.1开发一个移动应用程序后端。我实现了follower模型,现在我想列出一个用户的所有follower,但我目前坚持这样做。我还使用Django Rest框架 这是我的用户配置文件模型Python Django如何从ManyToManyField序列化并列出所有,python,django,django-rest-framework,many-to-many,serialization,Python,Django,Django Rest Framework,Many To Many,Serialization,我正在用Django 1.9.1开发一个移动应用程序后端。我实现了follower模型,现在我想列出一个用户的所有follower,但我目前坚持这样做。我还使用Django Rest框架 这是我的用户配置文件模型 class UserProfile(models.Model): # Linking UserProfile to User model. user = models.OneToOneField(User) city = models.CharField(nul
class UserProfile(models.Model):
# Linking UserProfile to User model.
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
city = models.CharField(null=True, max_length=30, blank=True)
gender = models.CharField(null=True, max_length=10, blank=True) # m for male, f for female
# TODO: Fix the picture later.
# picture = models.ImageField(upload_to='profile_images', blank=True)
age = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
caption = models.CharField(null=True, max_length=40, blank=True)
following_count = models.IntegerField(default=0)
follower_count = models.IntegerField(default=0)
post_count = models.IntegerField(default=0)
like_count = models.IntegerField(default=0)
date = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now(), blank=True)
is_protected = models.BooleanField(default=False)
is_facebook_created_user = models.BooleanField(default=False)
facebook_id = models.CharField(default='', blank=True, max_length=350)
picture_url = models.URLField(blank=True, max_length=100, null=True)
followings = models.ManyToManyField('self', related_name='following', symmetrical=False)
followers = models.ManyToManyField('self', related_name='follower', symmetrical=False)
blocking = models.ManyToManyField('self', related_name='block', symmetrical=False)
blocked_by = models.ManyToManyField('self', related_name='blocked', symmetrical=False)
def block_user(self,username):
other = UserProfile.objects.get(user__username=username)
if not self.is_blocking(username):
self.blocking.add(other)
other.blocked_by.add(self)
return True
else:
return False
def unblock_user(self, username):
other = UserProfile.objects.get(user__username=username)
if self.is_blocking(username):
self.blocking.remove(other)
other.blocked_by.remove(self)
return True
else:
return False
def follow_user(self, username):
other = UserProfile.objects.get(user__username=username)
if not self.is_following(username):
self.followings.add(other)
self.following_count = self.followings.all().count()
self.save()
other.followers.add(self)
other.follower_count = other.followers.all().count()
other.save()
return True
else:
return False
def unfollow_user(self, username):
other = UserProfile.objects.get(user__username=username)
if self.is_following(username):
self.followings.remove(other)
self.following_count = self.followings.all().count()
self.save()
other.followers.remove(self)
other.follower_count = other.followers.all().count()
other.save()
return True
else:
return False
def is_blocking(self,username):
return self.blockings.all().filter(user__username=username).exists()
def is_blocked_by(self,username):
return self.blocked_by.all().filter(user__username=username).exists()
def is_following(self, username): #returns Bool
return self.followings.all().filter(user__username=username).exists()
def is_followed_by(self, username): #returns Bool
return self.followers.all().filter(user__username=username).exists()
def __unicode__(self):
return self.user.username
def get_token(self):
try:
token = Token.objects.get(user_id=self.user_id)
except:
token = 'error'
return token
def get_username(self):
return self.user.username
如您所见,我使用ManyToManyField作为追随者。现在我想列出一个用户的追随者,但我不想只列出他们的所有信息,因为这是不必要的。我只想列出他们的用户名,因为不需要完整的信息,这只是一种浪费
这是我的观点
@api_view(['GET'])
def get_followers(request):
username = request.query_params.get('username', None)
if username is not None:
if UserProfile.objects.all().filter(user__username=username).exists():
wanted = UserProfile.objects.get(user__username=username)
followers = wanted.followers.all()
serializer = FollowerSerializer(followers)
return JsonResponse(serializer.data)
else:
return JsonResponse({"result": "user_does_not_exist"})
else:
#TODO: return current user's followers
return JsonResponse({"result": "provide_username"})
此外,我还添加了一个序列化程序,仅用于用户的追随者
class FollowerSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = UserProfile
field = ('followers',)
问题是,它只是列出了所有的用户信息,它没有给出用户名,但它只列出了他们的id,我什么都做不了
我忘了提到我确实想过使用ListAPIView,但是我不能用它来获取username参数。如果有办法获取参数,我也可以使用ListAPIView作为追随者
如何解决此问题并只列出他们的用户名?
任何帮助都将不胜感激。我在这个链接中使用了嵌套关系 仅为用户的用户名添加了新的序列化程序,并更改了其他序列化程序
# serializes only usernames of users
class EachUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
username = serializers.CharField(source='user.username')
class Meta:
model = UserProfile
fields = ('username',)
class FollowerSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
followers = EachUserSerializer(many=True, read_only= True)
followings = EachUserSerializer(many=True,read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = UserProfile
fields = ('followers','followings')
输出正是我想要的:
{
“追随者”:[],
“以下内容”:[
{
“用户名”:“斯内德”
},
{
“用户名”:“德罗巴”
}
]
}
我认为您需要的是嵌套序列化程序:
class FollowerSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
username = serializers.CharField(source='user__username')
class Meta:
model = UserProfile
fields = ('username', )
class FollowerSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
followers = FollowerSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = UserProfile
fields = ('followers', )
field=('followers',)
=>fields=('followers\uu username',)
?我不知道我可以在field中使用它。我马上就要试试了,我把它改成了field=('followers_u__年龄'),但它仍然给出了它们的ID。顺便说一下,用户名不在UserProfile模型中,而是在UserProfile的OneToOneField用户模型中。我试图列出年龄,因为它直接在用户配置文件中,但它不起作用。很抱歉,它是字段,但我将其视为“字段”。我将其转换为字段,但它给出了此错误。字段名followers\u age
对于型号UserProfile
无效。如果我只使用“关注者”,它仍然会给出唯一的ID。哦,对不起,我应该在发布答案之前刷新页面)。哈哈,没关系,时间太近了:D谢谢你的回答:)@ğatayBarın谢谢。非常有用。尤其是您的输出可视化非常有吸引力。