Regex Sed替换字符串，基于输入文件

想知道是否有更好/更快的方法来实现这一点

基本上，我有一个文件，我需要根据它的一个字段向其中添加更多信息。e、 g

要编辑的文件：

USER|ROLE
user1|role1
user1|role2
user2|role1
user2|role11

输入文件：

Role|Application
role1|applicationabc
role2|application_qwerty
role3|application_new_app_new
role4|qwerty_abc_123
role11|applicationabc123

最后，我想留下这样的东西：

USER|ROLE|Application
user1|role1|applicationabc
user1|role2|application_qwerty
user2|role11|applicationabc123
user2|role3|application_new_app_new

我的想法是：

cat inputfile | while IFS='|' read src rep
do   
sed -i "s#\<$src\>#$src\|$rep#" /path/to/file/filename.csv
done

cat inputfile |而IFS='|'读取src rep
做
sed-i“s\\\\\$src\\$rep”/path/to/file/filename.csv
完成

我写的东西在某种程度上是有效的，但速度很慢。此外，如果它在行中的任何位置找到匹配项，它将替换它。例如，对于user2和role11，脚本将在匹配role11之前匹配role1

因此，我的问题是：

有没有更快的方法

有没有办法匹配精确的表达式/字符串？在我的输入文件中加引号似乎不起作用

---

带有

awk的蛋糕

：

$ cat file1
USER|ROLE
user1|role1
user1|role2
user2|role1
user2|role11

$ cat file2
ROLE|Application
role1|applicationabc
role2|application_qwerty
role3|application_new_app_new
role4|qwerty_abc_123
role11|applicationabc123

$ awk -F'\\|' 'NR==FNR{a[$1]=$2; next}; {print $0 "|" a[$2]}' file2 file1
USER|ROLE|Application
user1|role1|applicationabc
user1|role2|application_qwerty
user2|role1|applicationabc
user2|role11|applicationabc123

---

带有

awk的蛋糕

：

$ cat file1
USER|ROLE
user1|role1
user1|role2
user2|role1
user2|role11

$ cat file2
ROLE|Application
role1|applicationabc
role2|application_qwerty
role3|application_new_app_new
role4|qwerty_abc_123
role11|applicationabc123

$ awk -F'\\|' 'NR==FNR{a[$1]=$2; next}; {print $0 "|" a[$2]}' file2 file1
USER|ROLE|Application
user1|role1|applicationabc
user1|role2|application_qwerty
user2|role1|applicationabc
user2|role11|applicationabc123

---

通过

加入

：

join -i -t "|" -1 2 -2 1 <(sort -t '|' -k2b,2 file) <(sort -t '|' -k 1b,1 input)

---

通过

加入

：

join -i -t "|" -1 2 -2 1 <(sort -t '|' -k2b,2 file) <(sort -t '|' -k 1b,1 input)

---

请尝试以下操作：

awk 'FNR==NR{A[$1]=$2;next}s=$2 in A{ $3=A[$2] }s' FS='|' OFS='|' file2 file1

或：

解释

 awk '
     # FNR==NR this is true only when awk reading first file

     FNR==NR{
                # Create array A where index = field1($1) and value = field2($2) 
                A[$1]=$2

                # stop processing and go to next line
                next
            }

   # Here we read 2nd file that is file1 in your case
   # var in Array returns either 1=true or 0=false
   # if array A has index field2 ($2) then s will be 1 otherwise 0 
   # whenever s is 1 that is nothing but true state, we create new field
   # $3 and its value will be array element corresponds to array index field2

   s=$2 in A{
               $3=A[$2] 
            }s

  # An awk program is a series of condition-action pairs, 
  # conditions  being outside of curly braces and actions being enclosed in them. 
  # A condition is considered false if it evaluates to zero or the empty string,
  # anything else is true (uninitialized variables are zero or empty string, 
  # depending on context, so they are false). 
  # Either a condition or an action can be implied; 
  # braces without a condition are considered to have a true condition and 
  # are always executed if they are hit,
  # and any condition without an action will print the line 
  # if and only if the condition is met.

  # So finally }s at the end of script
  # it executes the default action for every line, 
  # printing the line whenever s is 1 that is true 
  # which may have been modified by the previous action in braces

  # FS  = Input Field Separator
  # OFS = Output Field Separator

    ' FS='|' OFS='|' file2 file1

---

请尝试以下操作：

awk 'FNR==NR{A[$1]=$2;next}s=$2 in A{ $3=A[$2] }s' FS='|' OFS='|' file2 file1

或：

解释

 awk '
     # FNR==NR this is true only when awk reading first file

     FNR==NR{
                # Create array A where index = field1($1) and value = field2($2) 
                A[$1]=$2

                # stop processing and go to next line
                next
            }

   # Here we read 2nd file that is file1 in your case
   # var in Array returns either 1=true or 0=false
   # if array A has index field2 ($2) then s will be 1 otherwise 0 
   # whenever s is 1 that is nothing but true state, we create new field
   # $3 and its value will be array element corresponds to array index field2

   s=$2 in A{
               $3=A[$2] 
            }s

  # An awk program is a series of condition-action pairs, 
  # conditions  being outside of curly braces and actions being enclosed in them. 
  # A condition is considered false if it evaluates to zero or the empty string,
  # anything else is true (uninitialized variables are zero or empty string, 
  # depending on context, so they are false). 
  # Either a condition or an action can be implied; 
  # braces without a condition are considered to have a true condition and 
  # are always executed if they are hit,
  # and any condition without an action will print the line 
  # if and only if the condition is met.

  # So finally }s at the end of script
  # it executes the default action for every line, 
  # printing the line whenever s is 1 that is true 
  # which may have been modified by the previous action in braces

  # FS  = Input Field Separator
  # OFS = Output Field Separator

    ' FS='|' OFS='|' file2 file1

---

---

这还将为您提供标题应用程序

'NR==FNR{a[tolower（$1）]=$2；next}；{print$0“|”a[tolower（$2）]}

^^True。。我入侵了其中一个文件，假设是打字错误…；-）@你能给我解释一下这个命令吗？它到底是如何工作的另外，在测试之后，它似乎只在末尾添加了一个管道，而没有添加应用程序名称。另外，我可以指定它应该匹配哪个字段吗？也就是说，在文件1中，将有多个字段，而不仅仅是示例数据中显示的两个字段（但始终在最后一个字段中）。这还将为您提供标题应用程序

'NR==FNR{a[tolower（$1）]=$2；next}；{print$0“|”a[tolower（$2）]}

^^True。。我入侵了其中一个文件，假设是打字错误…；-）@你能给我解释一下这个命令吗？它到底是如何工作的另外，在测试之后，它似乎只在末尾添加了一个管道，而没有添加应用程序名称。另外，我可以指定它应该匹配哪个字段吗？也就是说，在file1中，将有多个字段，而不仅仅是示例数据中显示的两个字段（但始终在最后一个字段中）。我本来打算发布此内容，但看起来有点混乱，+1:）我收到一个错误，说file1未按排序顺序排列。@StevenFalzon file1看起来如何？它必须在连接字段上排序。我本来打算发布这个，但看起来有点乱，尽管是+1:）我收到一个错误，说file1没有按排序顺序排列。@StevenFalzon file1看起来怎么样？它必须按连接字段排序。您能解释一下这些命令及其工作原理吗？您能解释一下这些命令及其工作原理吗？