RSpec、Rails 4、Postgres、UUID主键：id为null，带有Rake+；RSpec，但在RSpec或控制台中没有问题

我正试图为一个带有Postgres和Rails 4.0.0.rc2的模型使用UUID主键启动并运行，但是我的规范未能创建和销毁，但是

虚构。create

或

虚构#destroy

可以从Rails控制台（在开发和测试环境中）正常工作。。。在我运行specs之前，在这种情况下，通过控制台执行这些操作中的任何一项都会停止工作。因此，当我运行我的规范改变我的DB并禁止UUID密钥继续工作时，它看起来像是发生了什么

哈尔普

我按照以下步骤生成迁移，因此我的模式如下所示：

ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 20130613174601) do
  # These are extensions that must be enabled in order to support this database
  enable_extension "plpgsql"
  enable_extension "uuid-ossp"

  create_table "growers", id: false, force: true do |t|
    t.uuid     "id",         null: false
    t.string   "name"
    t.string   "code"
    t.datetime "created_at"
    t.datetime "updated_at"
  end
end

以下是事情的进展：

创建：

$rake db:create RAILS\u ENV=test

迁移：

$ rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=test
==  CreateGrowers: migrating ==================================================
-- enable_extension("uuid-ossp")
   -> 0.0052s
-- create_table(:growers, {:id=>:uuid})
   -> 0.0043s
==  CreateGrowers: migrated (0.0096s) =========================================

创建模型对象：

$ rails c test
agrian> g = Grower.create name: 'bobo'
   (0.3ms)  BEGIN
  SQL (4.1ms)  INSERT INTO "growers" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES ($1, $2, $3) RETURNING "id"  [["created_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 20:22:39 UTC +00:00], ["name", "bobo"], ["updated_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 20:22:39 UTC +00:00]]
   (0.4ms)  COMMIT
=> #<Grower id: "38f84f39-e52e-4664-b776-4fdfcbd60b09", name: "bobo", code: nil, created_at: "2013-06-18 20:22:39", updated_at: "2013-06-18 20:22:39">

$ rails c test
Loading test environment (Rails 4.0.0.rc2)
agrian> g = Grower.create name: 'bobo'
   (0.4ms)  BEGIN
  SQL (3.5ms)  INSERT INTO "growers" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES ($1, $2, $3)  [["created_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 20:29:36 UTC +00:00], ["name", "bobo"], ["updated_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 20:29:36 UTC +00:00]]
PG::Error: ERROR:  null value in column "id" violates not-null constraint
DETAIL:  Failing row contains (null, bobo, null, 2013-06-18 20:29:36.773391, 2013-06-18 20:29:36.773391).
: INSERT INTO "growers" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
   (0.2ms)  ROLLBACK
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: PG::Error: ERROR:  null value in column "id" violates not-null constraint
DETAIL:  Failing row contains (null, bobo, null, 2013-06-18 20:29:36.773391, 2013-06-18 20:29:36.773391).
: INSERT INTO "growers" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
from /Users/sloveless/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p195/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0.rc2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:780:in `get_last_result'

创建模型对象：

$ rails c test
agrian> g = Grower.create name: 'bobo'
   (0.3ms)  BEGIN
  SQL (4.1ms)  INSERT INTO "growers" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES ($1, $2, $3) RETURNING "id"  [["created_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 20:22:39 UTC +00:00], ["name", "bobo"], ["updated_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 20:22:39 UTC +00:00]]
   (0.4ms)  COMMIT
=> #<Grower id: "38f84f39-e52e-4664-b776-4fdfcbd60b09", name: "bobo", code: nil, created_at: "2013-06-18 20:22:39", updated_at: "2013-06-18 20:22:39">

$ rails c test
Loading test environment (Rails 4.0.0.rc2)
agrian> g = Grower.create name: 'bobo'
   (0.4ms)  BEGIN
  SQL (3.5ms)  INSERT INTO "growers" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES ($1, $2, $3)  [["created_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 20:29:36 UTC +00:00], ["name", "bobo"], ["updated_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 20:29:36 UTC +00:00]]
PG::Error: ERROR:  null value in column "id" violates not-null constraint
DETAIL:  Failing row contains (null, bobo, null, 2013-06-18 20:29:36.773391, 2013-06-18 20:29:36.773391).
: INSERT INTO "growers" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
   (0.2ms)  ROLLBACK
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: PG::Error: ERROR:  null value in column "id" violates not-null constraint
DETAIL:  Failing row contains (null, bobo, null, 2013-06-18 20:29:36.773391, 2013-06-18 20:29:36.773391).
: INSERT INTO "growers" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
from /Users/sloveless/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p195/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0.rc2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:780:in `get_last_result'

（悲伤的脸）

有人能给我指出正确的方向吗？我的db到底在做些什么

更新：我可以成功地反复运行

bin/rspec spec

（我所有的spec都通过了）。如果我运行

rake spec

，我会失败，然后下次运行

bin/rspec spec

我会失败

---

编辑：更新了标题以反映rake+rspec问题，而不仅仅是rspec问题。

我看到

rspec rails/lib/rspec/rails/tasks/rspec.rake

为

spec

任务定义了这一点：

spec_prereq = Rails.configuration.generators.options[:rails][:orm] == :active_record ?  "test:prepare" : :noop
task :noop do; end
task :default => :spec

# other stuff

desc "Run all specs in spec directory (excluding plugin specs)"
RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new(:spec => spec_prereq)

…它运行：

• db:load\u config

• db:test:purge

• db:test:load

• db:test:load\u schema

• db:schema:load

我看到，当运行

rakedb:schema:load

时，我得到：

-- enable_extension("plpgsql")
   -> 0.0161s
-- enable_extension("uuid-ossp")
   -> 0.0063s
-- create_table("growers", {:id=>false, :force=>true})
   -> 0.0049s
-- initialize_schema_migrations_table()
   -> 0.0062s

…这与我运行迁移时不同：

==  CreateGrowers: migrating ==================================================
-- enable_extension("uuid-ossp")
   -> 0.0050s
-- create_table(:growers, {:id=>:uuid})
   -> 0.0052s
==  CreateGrowers: migrated (0.0103s) =========================================

因此，在我看来，

db:schema:load

任务没有使用UUID主键创建表，从而导致了失败。好像是个Rails bug

---

更新：我想我会发现这是否是Rails错误：

对于其他遇到类似问题的人：

# config/application.rb
config.active_record.schema_format :sql

为了让postgres的uuid_ossp扩展工作，我需要从schema.rb切换到sql模式。似乎schema.rb试图更加独立于数据库，这可以理解，这导致了自定义db扩展的一些奇妙之处

---

看起来他们将在Rails 4.0.1中修复它。他们应该以你的名字命名发布。