Ruby on rails 查询RAIL 5.2 postgres12上的jsonb数组_Ruby On Rails_Postgresql

Ruby on rails 查询RAIL 5.2 postgres12上的jsonb数组

ruby-on-rails postgresql

Ruby on rails 查询RAIL 5.2 postgres12上的jsonb数组,ruby-on-rails,postgresql,Ruby On Rails,Postgresql,在带有PostgreSQL 12.2的rails 5上，我有这个模型 create_table "training_opportunities", force: :cascade do |t| t.bigint "contact_id" t.string "situation" t.boolean "cpf" t.string "software_interest&quo

在带有PostgreSQL 12.2的rails 5上，我有这个模型

  create_table "training_opportunities", force: :cascade do |t|
    t.bigint "contact_id"
    t.string "situation"
    t.boolean "cpf"
    t.string "software_interest"
    t.string "training_type_interest"
    t.string "month"
    t.text "comment"
    t.datetime "created_at", null: false
    t.datetime "updated_at", null: false
    t.string "status"
    t.boolean "pole_emploi", default: false
    t.jsonb "history", default: [], array: true
    t.boolean "to_be_call", default: false
    t.boolean "is_flag", default: false
    t.boolean "is_star", default: false
    t.index ["contact_id"], name: "index_training_opportunities_on_contact_id"
  end

我试图通过历史的内容来质疑培训机会。例如，在rails c中

TrainingOpportunity.first.history

给予

我试图通过以下查询找到它：

TrainingOpportunity.where('history @> {"step":"ID POLE EMPLOI : 1242050E - architecture intérieur - débutante qlq notions de 3D  - environ 2500€CPF - devis envoyé le 03/07"}')

但我有这个错误

ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PG::SyntaxError: ERROR:  syntax error at or near "{")
LINE 1: ...* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> {"step":"I...
                                                             ^
: SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> {"step":"ID POLE EMPLOI : 1242050E - architecture intérieur - débutante qlq notions de 3D  - environ 2500€CPF - devis envoyé le 03/07"}) LIMIT $1

我试过：

TrainingOpportunity.where('history @> ?', '[{"step":"ID POLE EMPLOI : 1242050E - architecture intérieur - débutante qlq notions de 3D  - environ 2500€CPF - devis envoyé le 03/07"}]')

但我有一个错误：

ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PG::InvalidTextRepresentation: ERROR:  malformed array literal: "[{"step":"ID POLE EMPLOI : 1242050E - architecture intérieur - débutante qlq notions de 3D  - environ 2500€CPF - devis envoyé le 03/07"}]")
LINE 1: ...* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '[{"step":...
                                                             ^
DETAIL:  "[" must introduce explicitly-specified array dimensions.
: SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '[{"step":"ID POLE EMPLOI : 1242050E - architecture intérieur - débutante qlq notions de 3D  - environ 2500€CPF - devis envoyé le 03/07"}]') LIMIT $1

在rmlockerd提议之后，我尝试了以下解决方案但没有人能奏效

TrainingOpportunity.where('history @> ?', {"date"=>"20/07/03"}.to_json)
  TrainingOpportunity Load (1.0ms)  SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1  [["LIMIT", 11]]
Traceback (most recent call last):
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PG::InvalidTextRepresentation: ERROR:  malformed array literal: "{"date":"20/07/03"}")
LINE 1: ...* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"...
                                                             ^
DETAIL:  Unexpected array element.
: SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1



TrainingOpportunity.where('history @> ?', {'date'=>'20/07/03'}.to_json)
  TrainingOpportunity Load (1.0ms)  SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1  [["LIMIT", 11]]
Traceback (most recent call last):
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PG::InvalidTextRepresentation: ERROR:  malformed array literal: "{"date":"20/07/03"}")
LINE 1: ...* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"...
                                                             ^
DETAIL:  Unexpected array element.
: SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1



TrainingOpportunity.where('history @> ?', {date:'20/07/03'}.to_json)
  TrainingOpportunity Load (1.0ms)  SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1  [["LIMIT", 11]]
Traceback (most recent call last):
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PG::InvalidTextRepresentation: ERROR:  malformed array literal: "{"date":"20/07/03"}")
LINE 1: ...* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"...
                                                             ^
DETAIL:  Unexpected array element.
: SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1


TrainingOpportunity.where('history @> ?', [{date:'20/07/03'}].to_json)
  TrainingOpportunity Load (1.0ms)  SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '[{"date":"20/07/03"}]') LIMIT $1  [["LIMIT", 11]]
Traceback (most recent call last):
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PG::InvalidTextRepresentation: ERROR:  malformed array literal: "[{"date":"20/07/03"}]")
LINE 1: ...* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '[{"date":...
                                                             ^
DETAIL:  "[" must introduce explicitly-specified array dimensions.
: SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '[{"date":"20/07/03"}]') LIMIT $1

我尝试指定数组的第一个元素编辑

我最初的回答（以及您最初的尝试）假设一个列是用Postgres

jsonb

datatype声明的。然而，你有还将其创建为Postgres

数组（即jsonb[]
而不是jsonb
）。Postgres对数组和jsonb类型都支持@>
操作符，坦率地说，这两种类型之间存在某种交互作用，我没有能力帮助您解开这一难题。好消息是你似乎想要的东西我认为没有必要。您有两个选择：
<> LI>如果要对该数据进行大量查询，请考虑将其规范化为<代码>历史< /代码>模型，并在<代码>培训机会中使用<代码> HasyMuly关系。除了使查询更容易之外，您还可以获得模型的所有其他优点，如验证等
如果您真的想将其保留为JSON，我建议将history
列重新创建为jsonb
类型（不带array:true
）。在实践中，您仍然可以将其视为一个数组（因为数组是有效的JSON），并且@>
操作符将按照下面的概述工作
TrainingOpportunity.where（'history@>？'，[{step:“重新使用现有的自动程序”}]。to_json）
=>#“重新使用自动生存”}]，…>
TrainingOpportunity.where（'history@>？'，[{date:'20/07/03}]。to_json）
=>#“重新使用自动生存”}]，…>
谢谢你的回答，但它不起作用，我不知道为什么？我已经编辑了我的初始帖子。我将您的示例数据加载到我环境中的模型中，这些查询对我很有用。我来看看。谢谢mlockerd，我在mac os或heroku上，在postgres 12.2上，rails 5.2上。这个操作员可以帮忙吗？#>>不幸的是，没有。像#>
这样的JSON操作符在jsonb
列上工作，但您的设置为jsonb[]列，这意味着Postgres主要将其视为数组，因此仅对其进行处理。如果您想使用JSON操作符直接查询数据，那么我的答案是正确的；迁移列以消除阵列部分。它增加了复杂性，但对你没有任何价值。
TrainingOpportunity.where('history @> ?', {"date"=>"20/07/03"}.to_json)
  TrainingOpportunity Load (1.0ms)  SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1  [["LIMIT", 11]]
Traceback (most recent call last):
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PG::InvalidTextRepresentation: ERROR:  malformed array literal: "{"date":"20/07/03"}")
LINE 1: ...* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"...
                                                             ^
DETAIL:  Unexpected array element.
: SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1



TrainingOpportunity.where('history @> ?', {'date'=>'20/07/03'}.to_json)
  TrainingOpportunity Load (1.0ms)  SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1  [["LIMIT", 11]]
Traceback (most recent call last):
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PG::InvalidTextRepresentation: ERROR:  malformed array literal: "{"date":"20/07/03"}")
LINE 1: ...* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"...
                                                             ^
DETAIL:  Unexpected array element.
: SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1



TrainingOpportunity.where('history @> ?', {date:'20/07/03'}.to_json)
  TrainingOpportunity Load (1.0ms)  SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1  [["LIMIT", 11]]
Traceback (most recent call last):
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PG::InvalidTextRepresentation: ERROR:  malformed array literal: "{"date":"20/07/03"}")
LINE 1: ...* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"...
                                                             ^
DETAIL:  Unexpected array element.
: SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '{"date":"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1


TrainingOpportunity.where('history @> ?', [{date:'20/07/03'}].to_json)
  TrainingOpportunity Load (1.0ms)  SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '[{"date":"20/07/03"}]') LIMIT $1  [["LIMIT", 11]]
Traceback (most recent call last):
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PG::InvalidTextRepresentation: ERROR:  malformed array literal: "[{"date":"20/07/03"}]")
LINE 1: ...* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '[{"date":...
                                                             ^
DETAIL:  "[" must introduce explicitly-specified array dimensions.
: SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history @> '[{"date":"20/07/03"}]') LIMIT $1

TrainingOpportunity.where('history --> 0 = ?', '{"date"=>"20/07/03"}')
  TrainingOpportunity Load (0.9ms)  SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history --> 0 = '{"date"=>"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1  [["LIMIT", 11]]
Traceback (most recent call last):
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PG::SyntaxError: ERROR:  syntax error at end of input)
LINE 1: ...ies" WHERE (history --> 0 = '{"date"=>"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1
                                                                       ^
: SELECT  "training_opportunities".* FROM "training_opportunities" WHERE (history --> 0 = '{"date"=>"20/07/03"}') LIMIT $1