Ruby on rails 在Ubuntu上使用Rails应用程序设置postgres数据库

现在我对Ubuntu和postgres有点动摇，但以下是我目前所做的

在Ubuntu中，我创建了一个名为postgres的用户，密码为postgress：

$ sudo adduser postgres
Enter new UNIX password: (I typed ' postgres ' here)
Retype new UNIX password: (I typed ' postgres ' here)

然后我以postgres用户身份登录：

$ su postgres
Password: (I typed ' postgres ' here)

作为postgres，我启动了postgres服务器：

postgres@ubuntu:/$ /usr/lib/postgresql/9.1/bin/postgres -D /usr/local/var/postgres
LOG:  database system was shut down at 2013-11-05 17:04:32 PST
LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections 
LOG:  autovacuum launcher started

接下来，我创建了一个rails应用程序设置以使用postgres数据库：

rails new myapp --database=postgresql

我附加了我的数据库配置YAML文件：

# PostgreSQL. Versions 8.2 and up are supported.
#
# Install the pg driver:
#   gem install pg
# On OS X with Homebrew:
#   gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/usr/local/bin/pg_config
# On OS X with MacPorts:
#   gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/opt/local/lib/postgresql84/bin/pg_config
# On Windows:
#   gem install pg
#       Choose the win32 build.
#       Install PostgreSQL and put its /bin directory on your path.
#
# Configure Using Gemfile
# gem 'pg'
#
development:
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  database: postgresql_development
  pool: 5
  username: postgres
  password: postgres

  # Connect on a TCP socket. Omitted by default since the client uses a
  # domain socket that doesn't need configuration. Windows does not have
  # domain sockets, so uncomment these lines.
  #host: localhost

  # The TCP port the server listens on. Defaults to 5432.
  # If your server runs on a different port number, change accordingly.
  #port: 5432

  # Schema search path. The server defaults to $user,public
  #schema_search_path: myapp,sharedapp,public

  # Minimum log levels, in increasing order:
  #   debug5, debug4, debug3, debug2, debug1,
  #   log, notice, warning, error, fatal, and panic
  # Defaults to warning.
  #min_messages: notice

# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
test:
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  database: postgresql_test
  pool: 5
  username: postgres
  password: postgres

production:
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  database: postgresql_production
  pool: 5
  username: postgres
  password: postgres

最后，我跑了

rake db:setup

真的不知道会发生什么。如前所述，我对这个话题有点不确定。许多小的db.postgres文件将出现在我的应用程序的db目录中

无论如何，我会收到一条巨大的错误信息，但其要点如下：

Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "database"=>"postgresql_development", "pool"=>5, "username"=>"postgresql", "password"=>nil}
FATAL:  role "postgresql" does not exist

FATAL:  role "postgresql" does not exist
FATAL:  role "postgresql" does not exist
FATAL:  role "postgresql" does not exist

好消息是数据库服务器输出如下：

Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "database"=>"postgresql_development", "pool"=>5, "username"=>"postgresql", "password"=>nil}
FATAL:  role "postgresql" does not exist

FATAL:  role "postgresql" does not exist
FATAL:  role "postgresql" does not exist
FATAL:  role "postgresql" does not exist

这意味着我的系统上的所有东西都已正确“连接”，并且rake任务正试图创建我的测试、生产和部署数据库

坏消息是我不太理解错误消息：

FATAL:  role "postgresql" does not exist 

嗯，很确定我的YAML中指定的用户名是postgres，而不是postgresql

couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "database"=>"postgresql_development", "pool"=>5, "username"=>"postgresql", "password"=>nil}

同样，为什么我的用户名postgresql和密码是空的？这根本不是我的YAML中的内容

如果有人能帮我迈出最后一步，我将非常感激：）

最后一个问题，非sqlite3数据库到底是如何工作的，它们在系统中的位置是什么。当我开始使用Rails时，看到我的db目录中有一个小db.sqlite3，我完全理解了这一点

但是，对于beefer数据库，数据库现在存储在称为集群的东西中，对吗

现在，对于我创建的每个postgres rails应用程序，它们的所有数据库都将存储在集群中吗

---

如果我购买一个Ubuntu VPS并在上面安装postgres，这会是一样的吗？位于

/usr/local/var/postgres

的集群，包含我所有应用程序的所有数据库？

您忽略了操作系统和版本、如何安装PostgreSQL等细节，使得这个问题更难回答

你提到Ubuntu，所以我猜你是通过apt从Ubuntu安装了PostgreSQL包

如果是，则postgres PostgreSQL用户帐户已存在，并且已配置为可通过pg_hba.conf中unix套接字的对等身份验证进行访问。您可以作为postgres unix用户运行命令，例如：

sudo-u postgres createuser\u名称

rakedb:create:all

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这样做之后，重新启动我的Rails服务器，我回到服务器的url，我很高兴地骑在Rails上

请查看：[postgreserror][1][1]：