Ruby 如何在Jenkins服务器（Linux）上运行Cucumber headless测试

如何在Jenkins服务器（Linux）上运行Cucumber headless测试

在Jenkins上执行Cucumber/Watir Webdriver测试时使用“headless”gem的正确方法是什么

第一次尝试： 我的env.rb中有以下内容：

require 'rubygems'
require 'cucumber'
require 'rest_client'
require 'json'
require 'watir-webdriver'
require 'page-object'
require 'page-object/page_factory'
require 'allure-cucumber'
require 'rspec'
require 'data_magic'
require 'fig_newton'
require 'yaml'
require 'headless'
require 'phantomjs'

ENVT = FigNewton.load('staging.yml')
DATA = DataMagic.load('data.yml')
KBA = YAML.load_file('config/data/kba.yml')

#Actions performed before each scenario

headless = Headless.new
headless.start
browser = Watir::Browser.start

Before do
  @browser = browser
end

at_exit do
  browser.close
  headless.destroy
end

World(PageObject::PageFactory)

require 'rubygems'
require 'cucumber'
require 'json'
require 'watir-webdriver'
require 'page-object'
require 'page-object/page_factory'
require 'allure-cucumber'
require 'rspec'
require 'data_magic'
require 'fig_newton'
require 'yaml'
require 'phantomjs'
require 'headless'

ENVT = FigNewton.load('staging.yml')
DATA = DataMagic.load('data.yml')
KBA = YAML.load_file('config/data/kba.yml')

headless = Headless.new
headless.start
browser = Watir::Browser.new

Before do
  @browser = browser
end

at_exit do
  @browser.close
end

World(PageObject::PageFactory)

这是我得到的输出：

wrong number of arguments (0 for 1+) (ArgumentError)
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/watir-webdriver-0.6.11/lib/watir-webdriver/browser.rb:28:in `start'
/var/lib/jenkins/jobs/idme_revelator/workspace/features/support/env.rb:24:in `<top (required)>'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/cucumber-1.3.18/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:95:in `load'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/cucumber-1.3.18/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:95:in `load_code_file'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/cucumber-1.3.18/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:180:in `load_file'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/cucumber-1.3.18/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:83:in `block in load_files!'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/cucumber-1.3.18/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `each'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/cucumber-1.3.18/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `load_files!'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/cucumber-1.3.18/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:184:in `load_step_definitions'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/cucumber-1.3.18/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:42:in `run!'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/cucumber-1.3.18/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:47:in `execute!'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/cucumber-1.3.18/bin/cucumber:13:in `<top (required)>'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/bin/cucumber:23:in `load'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/bin/cucumber:23:in `<main>'
Build step 'Execute shell' marked build as failure
Finished: FAILURE

到

然后我得到这个输出，但仍然有错误：

Could not find Firefox binary (os=linux). Make sure Firefox is installed or set the path manually with Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Binary.path= (Selenium::WebDriver::Error::WebDriverError)
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.45.0.dev3/lib/selenium/webdriver/firefox/binary.rb:127:in `path'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.45.0.dev3/lib/selenium/webdriver/firefox/binary.rb:60:in `execute'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.45.0.dev3/lib/selenium/webdriver/firefox/binary.rb:34:in `start_with'
/var/lib/jenkins/.rbenv/versions/2.1.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/selenium-webdriver-2.45.0.dev3/lib/selenium/webdriver/firefox/launcher.rb:70:in `start_silent_and_wait'

第三次尝试：

如果我将env.rb文件更改为：

require 'rubygems'
require 'cucumber'
require 'rest_client'
require 'json'
require 'watir-webdriver'
require 'page-object'
require 'page-object/page_factory'
require 'allure-cucumber'
require 'rspec'
require 'data_magic'
require 'fig_newton'
require 'yaml'
require 'headless'
require 'phantomjs'

ENVT = FigNewton.load('staging.yml')
DATA = DataMagic.load('data.yml')
KBA = YAML.load_file('config/data/kba.yml')

#Actions performed before each scenario

headless = Headless.new
headless.start
# browser = Watir::Browser.start

Before do
  @browser = headless
end

at_exit do
  #browser.close
  headless.destroy
end

World(PageObject::PageFactory)

它看起来好多了，但仍然失败：

WARN: Unresolved specs during Gem::Specification.reset:
      mini_portile (~> 0.6.0)
WARN: Clearing out unresolved specs.
Please report a bug if this causes problems.
Using the default profile...
@regression @hlp @hlp_admin
Feature: Test the HLP DocumentPage functionality

  Background:                                    # features/HLP_features/hlp_DocumentPage.feature:4
    * I visit the Hosted Landing Page Admin tool # features/step_definitions/hlp/hlp_admin/hlp_admin_step_defs.rb:1
      Unable to pick a platform for the provided browser. (RuntimeError)
      ./features/step_definitions/hlp/hlp_admin/hlp_admin_step_defs.rb:2:in `/^I visit the Hosted Landing Page Admin tool$/'
      features/HLP_features/hlp_DocumentPage.feature:5:in `* I visit the Hosted Landing Page Admin tool'
    * I login to the Hosted Landing Page Admin   # features/step_definitions/hlp/hlp_admin/hlp_admin_step_defs.rb:5
    * I visit the Add DocumentPage page          # features/step_definitions/hlp/hlp_admin/hlp_admin_document_step_defs.rb:1
      undefined method `window' for #<Headless:0x007f47cb1854b0> (NoMethodError)
      /var/lib/jenkins/jobs/revelator/workspace/features/support/hooks.rb:23:in `After'
      undefined method `driver' for #<Headless:0x007f47cb1854b0> (NoMethodError)
      /var/lib/jenkins/jobs/revelator/workspace/features/support/hooks.rb:16:in `After'

  Scenario: Add a new DocumentPage                 # features/HLP_features/hlp_DocumentPage.feature:9
    * I create a new DocumentPage                  # features/step_definitions/hlp/hlp_admin/hlp_admin_document_step_defs.rb:5
    * I should see DocumentPage edit page elements # features/step_definitions/hlp/hlp_admin/hlp_admin_document_step_defs.rb:10
    * I delete the "DocumentPage"                  # features/step_definitions/hlp/hlp_admin/hlp_admin_edit_shared_step_defs.rb:1

---

第三个错误是因为

Headless

不是浏览器，只是一个虚拟帧缓冲区

@browser=headless

不起作用，因为它应该是

Watir:：browser

对象。虚拟帧缓冲区是浏览器（如Firefox或Chrome）绘制对象的地方

根据您的

require

s列表，您似乎正在尝试使用PhantomJS运行

Watir:：Browser.start

，并将在默认情况下尝试启动Firefox，如果您没有传入：phantomjs，除了作为参数的

url

@base_url = "https://my-test-domain.com"
@browser = Watir::Browser.start @base_url, :phantomjs

browser = Watir::Browser.new :phantomjs

Watir:：Browser.new

默认情况下以

：firefox

运行浏览器。如果要使用PhantomJS，请将

：PhantomJS

作为参数传递

@base_url = "https://my-test-domain.com"
@browser = Watir::Browser.start @base_url, :phantomjs

browser = Watir::Browser.new :phantomjs

---

如果您打算使用PhantomJS作为浏览器，

Headless

gem，并且可以将其从

env.rb

上一次工作时，我们没有使用Headless gem，我们只是在运行测试的Jenkins脚本中启动了XVFB，然后它发出cucumber命令启动测试。并使用Firefox作为浏览器。Thaat还允许我们拍摄失败测试的截图，以帮助调试失败

如果我还在那里工作，我也会尝试使用phantomjs，看看它是否有效，然后使用更可靠和/或更快的

在env.rb中没有什么不同，与我们在jenkins上用于本地运行的文件相同

---

编辑：2017年末更新。。随着最近的变化，目前推荐的无头浏览的最佳解决方案是使用chrome以及chromedriver和chrome的新无头选项

我正在尝试使用Xvfb和watirwebdriver，在env.rb中设置它的正确方法是什么？我已经更新了我在上面问题中尝试的内容，我们正在使用Jenkins Xvfb插件来控制Xvfb何时启动。只要它还在运行，我们就可以在不使用Headless gem的情况下实例化浏览器。在运行测试的作业中，我们确保Xvfb选项设置为在作业执行之前启动，在作业执行之后关闭。我尝试过phantomjs，但它不提供只有浏览器才具备的

Map（）

等功能，因此它并不总是无头测试的正确方法。