Oracle 11g SQL将列数据拆分为多列数据

我有一个数据如下的要求

ID            Date                 Comments
101         23/Jun/2018      RR: Insufficient resource
101         23/Jun/2018      Next week apply for leave 
102         22/Jun/2018      NULL
103         21/Jun/2018      Go ahead

我需要一个Oracle sql来获取上述数据

ID     DATE          A_comments                    D_comments
101   23/Jun/2018    Next week apply for leave      RR: Insufficient resource
102   22/Jun/2018
103   21/Jun/2018     Go ahead

当注释带有前缀RR时：对于特定ID，它应该转到

D_comments

，如果没有前缀RR，它应该转到

A_comments

---

请帮助我实现这一点。

此查询适用于您的示例数据。但是，如果有Alex提到的任何其他未知场景，请编辑您的问题以添加它

SELECT
    id,
    date_t,
    MAX(
        CASE
            WHEN comments LIKE 'RR:%' THEN NULL
            ELSE comments
        END
    ) a_comments,
    MAX(
        CASE
            WHEN comments LIKE 'RR:%' THEN  comments
        END
    ) d_comments
FROM
    t
GROUP BY
    id,
    date_t;

您可以使用

CASE

语句根据值“分布”列：

SELECT id, 
       date,
       case when comments not like 'RR:%' then comments end as A_comment,
       case when comments     like 'RR:%' then comments end as D_comment
  FROM my_table;

输出将是

ID     DATE          A_comments                    D_comments
101   23/Jun/2018    Next week apply for leave     
101   23/Jun/2018                                  RR: Insufficient resource
102   22/Jun/2018
103   21/Jun/2018    Go ahead

因此，您需要将列“折叠”成一行，例如使用

MAX

：

SELECT id, 
       date,
       MAX(case when comments not like 'RR:%' then comments end) as A_comment,
       MAX(case when comments     like 'RR:%' then comments end) as D_comment
  FROM my_table
 GROUP BY id, date;

SELECT id, 
       date,
       LISTAGG(case when comments not like 'RR:%' then comments end, '-'
                           WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY comments)) as A_comment,
       MAX(case when comments like 'RR:%' then comments end) as D_comment
  FROM my_table
 GROUP BY id, date;

这将产生

ID     DATE          A_comments                    D_comments
101   23/Jun/2018    Next week apply for leave     RR: Insufficient resource
102   22/Jun/2018
103   21/Jun/2018    Go ahead

编辑：

为了反映您的评论，要附加所有评论，您可以使用

listag

而不是

MAX

：

SELECT id, 
       date,
       MAX(case when comments not like 'RR:%' then comments end) as A_comment,
       MAX(case when comments     like 'RR:%' then comments end) as D_comment
  FROM my_table
 GROUP BY id, date;

SELECT id, 
       date,
       LISTAGG(case when comments not like 'RR:%' then comments end, '-'
                           WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY comments)) as A_comment,
       MAX(case when comments like 'RR:%' then comments end) as D_comment
  FROM my_table
 GROUP BY id, date;

试试下面的方法

 WITH t
     AS (SELECT 101 id_col,
                '23/Jun/2018' date_col,
                'RR: Insufficient resource' comments
           FROM DUAL
         UNION
         SELECT 101 id_col,
                '23/Jun/2018' date_col,
                'Next week apply for leave' comments
           FROM DUAL
         UNION
         SELECT 102 id_col, '22/Jun/2018' date_col, 'NULL' comments FROM DUAL
         UNION
         SELECT 103 id_col, '21/Jun/2018' date_col, 'Go ahead' comments
           FROM DUAL)
(  SELECT id_col,
          date_col,
          MAX (CASE WHEN comments NOT LIKE 'RR:%' THEN comments END)
             a_comment,
          MAX (CASE WHEN comments LIKE 'RR:%' THEN comments END) d_comment
     FROM t
 GROUP BY id_col, date_col)
ORDER BY id_col

---

如果同一ID有多行带有（或不带有）RR前缀，该怎么办？或者每个ID只有一条注释，但它们在不同的日期？对于ID，我们只能有一条带有RR前缀的注释。但是如果没有RR前缀，我们可以有多条注释。在这种情况下，我们可以附加所有评论感谢您的解决方案欢迎！请查看请检查我的答案，如果它对您有帮助，请接受它，或者对给定的解决方案给出相关反馈（评论）。请阅读：了解为什么它很重要。